一般来说这种情况还是蛮多的,比如你从文件中读入了一个array1,然后想把程序中的一个array2中符合array1中内容的元素过滤出来。
正 常傻瓜一点就是两个for循环,一个一个进行比较,这样效率不高,而且代码也不好看。
其实一个循环或者无需循环就可以搞定了,那就需要用搞 NSPredicate这个类了~膜拜此类~
1)例子一,一个循环
NSArray *arrayFilter = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"pict", @"blackrain", @"ip", nil]; NSArray *arrayContents = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"I am a picture.", @"I am a guy", @"I am gagaga", @"ipad", @"iphone", nil]; |
我想过滤arrayContents的话只要循环 arrayFilter就好了
int i = 0, count = [arrayFilter count]; for(i = 0; i < count; i ++) { NSString *arrayItem = (NSString *)[arrayFilter objectAtIndex:i]; NSPredicate *filterPredicate = [[NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF CONTAINS %@", arrayItem]; NSLog(@"Filtered array with filter %@, %@", arrayItem, [arrayContents filteredArrayUsingPredicate:filterPredicate]); } |
当然以上代码中arrayContent最好用mutable 的,这样就可以直接filter了,NSArray是不可修改的。
2)例子二,无需循环
NSArray *arrayFilter = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"abc1", @"abc2", nil]; NSArray *arrayContent = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"a1", @"abc1", @"abc4", @"abc2", nil]; NSPredicate *thePredicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"NOT (SELF in %@)", arrayFilter]; [arrayContent filterUsingPredicate:thePredicate];
|
这样arrayContent过滤出来的就是不包含 arrayFilter中的所有item了。
3)生成文件路径下文件集合列表
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
NSString *defaultPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] resourcePath];
NSError *error;
NSArray *directoryContents = [fileManager contentsOfDirectoryAtPath:defaultPath error:&error]
4)match的用法
1. 简单比较
NSString *match = @"imagexyz-999.png";
NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF == %@", match];
NSArray *results = [directoryContents filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];
2. match里like的用法(类似Sql中的用法)
NSString *match = @"imagexyz*.png";
NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF like %@", match];
NSArray *results = [directoryContents filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];
3. 大小写比较
[c]表示忽略大小写,[d]表示忽略重音,可以在一起使用,如下:
NSString *match = @"imagexyz*.png";
NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF like[cd] %@", match];
NSArray *results = [directoryContents filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];
4.使用正则
NSString *match = @"imagexyz-\\d{3}\\.png"; //imagexyz-123.png
NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF matches %@", match];
NSArray *results = [directoryContents filteredArrayUsingPredicate:predicate];
总结:
1) 当使用聚合类的操作符时是可以不需要循环的
2)当使用单个比较类的操作符时可以一个循环来搞定
简述:Cocoa框架中的NSPredicate用于查询,原理和用法都类似于SQL中的where,作用相当于数据库的过滤取。
定义(最常用到的方法):
- NSPredicate *ca = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:(NSString *), ...];
(6)正则表达式:MATCHES
例:NSString *regex = @"^A.+e$"; //以A开头,e结尾
@"name MATCHES %@",regex
实际应用:
(1)对NSArray进行过滤
- NSArray *array = [[NSArray alloc]initWithObjects:@"beijing",@"shanghai",@"guangzou",@"wuhan", nil];
- NSString *string = @"ang";
- NSPredicate *pred = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF CONTAINS %@",string];
- NSLog(@"%@",[array filteredArrayUsingPredicate:pred]);
- NSString *regex = @"[A-Za-z]+";
- NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", regex];
- if ([predicate evaluateWithObject:aString]) {
- }
- NSError* error = NULL;
- NSRegularExpression* regex = [NSRegularExpression regularExpressionWithPattern:@"(encoding=\")[^\"]+(\")"
- options:0
- error:&error];
- NSString* sample = @"<xml encoding=\"abc\"></xml><xml encoding=\"def\"></xml><xml encoding=\"ttt\"></xml>";
- NSLog(@"Start:%@",sample);
- NSString* result = [regex stringByReplacingMatchesInString:sample
- options:0
- range:NSMakeRange(0, sample.length)
- withTemplate:@"$1utf-8$2"];
- NSLog(@"Result:%@", result);
- //组装一个字符串,需要把里面的网址解析出来
- NSString *urlString=@"<meta/><link/><title>1Q84 BOOK1</title></head><body>";
- //NSRegularExpression类里面调用表达的方法需要传递一个NSError的参数。下面定义一个
- NSError *error;
- //http+:[^\\s]* 这个表达式是检测一个网址的。(?<=title\>).*(?=</title)截取html文章中的<title></title>中内文字的正则表达式
- NSRegularExpression *regex = [NSRegularExpression regularExpressionWithPattern:@"(?<=title\\>).*(?=</title)" options:0 error:&error];
- if (regex != nil) {
- NSTextCheckingResult *firstMatch=[regex firstMatchInString:urlString options:0 range:NSMakeRange(0, [urlString length])];
- if (firstMatch) {
- NSRange resultRange = [firstMatch rangeAtIndex:0];
- //从urlString当中截取数据
- NSString *result=[urlString substringWithRange:resultRange];
- //输出结果
- NSLog(@"->%@<-",result);
- }
- }
- // 正则判断手机号码地址格式
- - (BOOL)isMobileNumber:(NSString *)mobileNum
- {
- /**
- * 手机号码
- * 移动:134[0-8],135,136,137,138,139,150,151,157,158,159,182,187,188
- * 联通:130,131,132,152,155,156,185,186
- * 电信:133,1349,153,180,189
- */
- NSString * MOBILE = @"^1(3[0-9]|5[0-35-9]|8[025-9])\\d{8}$";
- /**
- 10 * 中国移动:China Mobile
- 11 * 134[0-8],135,136,137,138,139,150,151,157,158,159,182,187,188
- 12 */
- NSString * CM = @"^1(34[0-8]|(3[5-9]|5[017-9]|8[278])\\d)\\d{7}$";
- /**
- 15 * 中国联通:China Unicom
- 16 * 130,131,132,152,155,156,185,186
- 17 */
- NSString * CU = @"^1(3[0-2]|5[256]|8[56])\\d{8}$";
- /**
- 20 * 中国电信:China Telecom
- 21 * 133,1349,153,180,189
- 22 */
- NSString * CT = @"^1((33|53|8[09])[0-9]|349)\\d{7}$";
- /**
- 25 * 大陆地区固话及小灵通
- 26 * 区号:010,020,021,022,023,024,025,027,028,029
- 27 * 号码:七位或八位
- 28 */
- // NSString * PHS = @"^0(10|2[0-5789]|\\d{3})\\d{7,8}$";
- NSPredicate *regextestmobile = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", MOBILE];
- NSPredicate *regextestcm = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", CM];
- NSPredicate *regextestcu = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", CU];
- NSPredicate *regextestct = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", CT];
- if (([regextestmobile evaluateWithObject:mobileNum] == YES)
- || ([regextestcm evaluateWithObject:mobileNum] == YES)
- || ([regextestct evaluateWithObject:mobileNum] == YES)
- || ([regextestcu evaluateWithObject:mobileNum] == YES))
- {
- if([regextestcm evaluateWithObject:mobileNum] == YES) {
- NSLog(@"China Mobile");
- } else if([regextestct evaluateWithObject:mobileNum] == YES) {
- NSLog(@"China Telecom");
- } else if ([regextestcu evaluateWithObject:mobileNum] == YES) {
- NSLog(@"China Unicom");
- } else {
- NSLog(@"Unknow");
- }
- return YES;
- }
- else
- {
- return NO;
- }
- }
- //是否是有效的正则表达式
- +(BOOL)isValidateRegularExpression:(NSString *)strDestination byExpression:(NSString *)strExpression
- {
- NSPredicate *predicate = [NSPredicatepredicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@", strExpression];
- return [predicate evaluateWithObject:strDestination];
- }
- //验证email
- +(BOOL)isValidateEmail:(NSString *)email {
- NSString *strRegex = @"[A-Z0-9a-z._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\\.[A-Za-z]{1,5}";
- BOOL rt = [CommonTools isValidateRegularExpression:email byExpression:strRegex];
- return rt;
- }
- //验证电话号码
- +(BOOL)isValidateTelNumber:(NSString *)number {
- NSString *strRegex = @"[0-9]{1,20}";
- BOOL rt = [CommonTools isValidateRegularExpression:number byExpression:strRegex];
- return rt;
- }
- //日期在十天之内:
- NSDate *endDate = [[NSDate date] retain];
- NSTimeInterval timeInterval= [endDate timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate];
- timeInterval -=3600*24*10;
- NSDate *beginDate = [[NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceReferenceDate:timeInterval] retain];
- //对coredata进行筛选(假设有fetchRequest)
- NSPredicate *predicate_date =
- [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"date >= %@ AND date <= %@", beginDate,endDate];
- [fetchRequest setPredicate:predicate_date];
- //释放retained的对象
- [endDate release];
- [beginDate release];