OpenCV 像素访问

以彩色图像（CV_8UC3）为例，将图像进行反色处理

方法一：基于行列号点阵访问

Mat image = imread(filename.c_str(), CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED);
int w = image.cols;
int h = image.rows;
for (int row = 0; row < h; row++) {
	for (int col = 0; col < w; col++) {
		Vec3b bgr = image.at<Vec3b>(row, col);
		bgr[0] = 255 - bgr[0];
		bgr[1] = 255 - bgr[1];
		bgr[2] = 255 - bgr[2];
		image.at<Vec3b>(row, col) = bgr;
	}
}

方法二：基于行指针访问

Mat image = imread(filename.c_str(), CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED);
int w = image.cols;
int h = image.rows;
for (int row = 0; row < h; row++) {
	Vec3b* ptrLines = image.ptr<Vec3b>(row);
	for (int col = 0; col < w; col++) {
		Vec3b bgr = ptrLines[col];
		bgr[0] = 255 - bgr[0];
		bgr[1] = 255 - bgr[1];
		bgr[2] = 255 - bgr[2];
	}
}

方法三：基于像素块的指针

Mat image = imread(filename.c_str(), CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED);
int w = image.cols;
int h = image.rows;
for (int row = 0; row < h; row++) {
	uchar* bgr = image.data + row*image.step;
	for (int col = 0; col < w; col++) {
		bgr[0] = 255 - bgr[0];
		bgr[1] = 255 - bgr[1];
		bgr[2] = 255 - bgr[2];
		bgr += 3;
	}
}

到底哪种速度最优，不妨自己试试吧？