Pascal 英语句子语法解析器

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已于 2022-03-23 09:14:09 修改

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分类专栏：工作随笔篇 Delphi 10 文章标签： Delphi 语法解析

于 2021-02-24 11:13:58 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u012156872/article/details/114013469

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本文介绍如何使用Pascal语言实现一个简单的英语句子语法解析器，涵盖语法结构、单词列表和实现方法。通过定义不同的语法元素，如动词、副词、名词等，实现了对基本句子结构的解析。在实现过程中，由于存在函数嵌套，采用forward关键词进行函数声明和实现。

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一个完整的英语句子，基本的结构包括：主语+谓语+宾语。考虑到主、谓、宾所包含的单词种类比较多，这里只是针对部分单词举例说明实现方法：

语法结构

<sentence> --> <subject> <verb_phrase> <object>
<subject> --> <noun_phrase>
<verb_phrase> --> <verb> | <verb> <adv>
<object> --> <noun_phrase>
<verb> --> lifted | saw | found
<adv> --> quickly | carefully | brilliantly
<noun_phrase> --> [<adj_phrase>] <noun> [<prep_phrase>]
<noun> --> cow | alice | book
<adj_phrase> --> <adj> | <adj> <adj_phrase>
<adj> --> green | lean | mean
<prep_phrase> --> <prep> <noun_phrase>
<prep> --> of | at | with

单词列表

动词： <verb> --> lifted | saw | found
复词：<adv> --> quickly | carefully | brilliantly
名词： <noun> --> cow | alice | book
形容词： <adj> --> green | lean | mean
介词： <prep> --> of | at | with

实现方法

根据语法结构，定义函数/过程

// online Pascal Compiler : https://www.tutorialspoint.com/compile_pascal_online.php
// share : http://tpcg.io/kZl4QfrI

program HelloWorld(output);

{
 <sentence> --> <subject> <verb_phrase> <object>
 <subject> --> <noun_phrase>
 <verb_phrase> --> <verb> | <verb> <adv>
 <object> --> <noun_phrase>
 <verb> --> lifted | saw | found
 <adv> --> quickly | carefully | brilliantly
 <noun_phrase> --> [<adj_phrase>] <noun> [<prep_phrase>]
 <noun> --> cow | alice | book
 <adj_phrase> --> <adj> | <adj> <adj_phrase>
 <adj> --> green | lean | mean
 <prep_phrase> --> <prep> <noun_phrase>
 <prep> --> of | at | with
}

uses
  SysUtils;

var
  input_text: string;
  next_token: string;
  output_text: string;
  error_message: string;

  token_array: array of string;
  token_capacity: Integer;
  token_number: Integer;
  token_index: Integer;

  function parse_token(input_string: PChar): Boolean; forward;
  function is_invalid_token(token: string): Boolean; forward;

  function is_adj(token: string): Boolean; forward;
  function is_adv(token: string): Boolean; forward;
  function is_prep(token: string): Boolean; forward;
  function is_noun(token: string): Boolean; forward;
  function is_verb(token: string): Boolean; forward;

  function sentence: Boolean; forward;

  function subject: Boolean; forward;

  function verb_phrase: Boolean; forward;
  procedure verb; forward;
  procedure adv; forward