C++ Windows下使用DC实现屏幕截图

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已于 2023-07-16 07:42:41 修改

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文章标签： c++ 开发语言

于 2023-07-15 15:31:41 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u012156872/article/details/131738116

版权

1、包含必要的头文件：

#include <Windows.h>

2、创建一个函数来执行屏幕截图并过滤掉指定窗口：

bool CaptureScreen(const wchar_t* filePath)
{
    // 获取屏幕大小
    int screenWidth = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN);
    int screenHeight = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN);

    // 创建设备上下文
    HDC screenDC = GetDC(NULL);
    HDC memDC = CreateCompatibleDC(screenDC);
    HBITMAP memBitmap = CreateCompatibleBitmap(screenDC, screenWidth, screenHeight);
    HBITMAP oldBitmap = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(memDC, memBitmap);

    // 截取屏幕到内存设备上下文
    BitBlt(memDC, 0, 0, screenWidth, screenHeight, screenDC, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);

    // 保存截图到文件
    result = SaveBitmapToFile(memBitmap, filePath);

    // 清理资源
    SelectObject(memDC, oldBitmap);
    DeleteObject(memBitmap);
    DeleteDC(memDC);
    ReleaseDC(NULL, screenDC);

    return (result == S_OK);
}

3、创建一个函数来保存位图到文件：

HRESULT SaveBitmapToFile(HBITMAP bitmap, const wchar_t* filePath)
{
    HRESULT result = S_OK;

    // 创建位图信息头
    BITMAP bmp;
    GetObject(bitmap, sizeof(BITMAP), &bmp);

    // 创建位图文件头
    BITMAPFILEHEADER fileHeader;
    fileHeader.bfType = 0x4D42;  // "BM"
    fileHeader.bfSize = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER) + bmp.bmWidthBytes * bmp.bmHeight;
    fileHeader.bfReserved1 = 0;
    fileHeader.bfReserved2 = 0;
    fileHeader.bfOffBits = sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);

    // 创建位图信息头
    BITMAPINFOHEADER infoHeader;
    infoHeader.biSize = sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER);
    infoHeader.biWidth = bmp.bmWidth;
    infoHeader.biHeight = bmp.bmHeight;
    infoHeader.biPlanes = 1;
    infoHeader.biBitCount = bmp.bmBitsPixel;
    infoHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB;
    infoHeader.biSizeImage = 0;
    infoHeader.biXPelsPerMeter = 0;
    infoHeader.biYPelsPerMeter = 0;
    infoHeader.biClrUsed = 0;
    infoHeader.biClrImportant = 0;

    // 创建文件并写入位图数据
    HANDLE fileHandle = CreateFileW(filePath, GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
    if (fileHandle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
    {
        DWORD bytesWritten = 0;
        WriteFile(fileHandle, &fileHeader, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER), &bytesWritten, NULL);
        WriteFile(fileHandle, &infoHeader, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), &bytesWritten, NULL);
        WriteFile(fileHandle, bmp.bmBits, bmp.bmWidthBytes * bmp.bmHeight, &bytesWritten, NULL);
        CloseHandle(fileHandle);
    }
    else
    {
        result = E_FAIL;
    }

    return result;
}

4、调用CaptureScreen函数来进行屏幕截图：

int main()
{
    const wchar_t* filePath = L"C:\\screenshot.bmp";
    if (CaptureScreen(filePath, excludeWindow))
    {
        // 截图成功
    }
    else
    {
        // 截图失败
    }

    return 0;
}