1.3 URLify

First, we count the number of spaces between string. Because we are going to replace those spaces with “%20”, which means the new length of s will become length + spaceCnt * 2.

    void replaceSpaces(char* s, int length){
        int spaceCnt = 0, newLenth = 0;
        for(int i = 0; i<length; ++i){
            if(s[i] == ' ') ++spaceCnt;
        }
        newLenth = length + spaceCnt *2;
        int j = newLenth - 1;
        for(int i = length - 1; i>=0; --i){
            if ( s[i] == ' '){
                s[j--] = '0';
                s[j--] = '2';
                s[j--] = '%';
            }else s[j--] = s[i];
        }
    }