组合模式(Composite),将对象组合成树形结构以表示‘部分-整体’的层次结构。组合模式使得用户对单个对象和组合对象的使用具有一致性。
组合模式的适用场合是,一般当你发现需求中是体现部分与整体层次的结构时,以及你希望用户可以忽略组合对象与单个对象的不同,统一地使用组合结构中地所有对象时,就应该考虑使用组 合模式了。组合模式定义了基本对象和组合对象的类层次结构。基本对象可以被组合成更复杂的组合对象,而这个组合对象又可以被组合,这样不断地递归下去,这样,在客户代码中,任何使用到基本对象的地方都可以使用组合对象了。说了这么多,其实,组合模式就是让客户可以一致地使用组合结构和单个对象。那么,下面还是给出类结构图,想必大家一看就明白了。
![iOS <wbr> <wbr>Objective <wbr>C--组合模式 pic](https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/blog_migrate/a4c26d1e5885305701be709a3d33442f.gif)
上图中类之间的关系基本可以类比为一棵树的关系。有根(Component)、有枝节点(Composite)、有叶子节点(Leaf)。逻辑很清晰,结构也比较简单。其实相当于叶子节点(Leaf)和枝节点(Composite)都继承自根节点(Component)。好的,下面给出简单的代码实现。
- ComComponents类接口 //对应图中的Component
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| #import
@interface ComComponents:NSObject{
NSString *name;
}
-(ComComponents*)MyInit:(NSString*)myName;
-(void)Add:(ComComponents*)c;
-(void)Remove:(ComComponents*)c;
-(void)Display:(int)depth;
@end
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| #import "ComComponents.h"
@implementation ComComponents
-(ComComponents*)MyInit:(NSString *)myName{
name = myName;
return self;
}
-(void)Add:(ComComponents *)c{
return;
}
-(void)Remove:(ComComponents *)c{
return;
}
-(void)Display:(int)depth{
return;
}
@end
|
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| #import "ComComponents.h"
@interface Leaf:ComComponents
-(Leaf*)MyInit:(NSString*)myName;
@end
|
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| #import "Leaf.h"
@implementation Leaf
-(Leaf*)MyInit:(NSString *)myName{
name = myName;
return self;
}
-(void)Add:(ComComponents *)c{
NSLog(@"Cannot add to a leaf");
}
-(void)Remove:(ComComponents *)c{
NSLog(@"Cannot remove from a leaf");
}
-(void)Display:(int)depth{
NSLog(@"[%dLevel]%@", depth,name);
}
@end
|
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| #import "ComComponents.h"
@interface Composite :ComComponents{
NSMutableArray *children;
}
-(Composite*)MyInit:(NSString*)myName;
@end
|
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| #import "Composite.h"
@implementation Composite
-(Composite*)MyInit:(NSString *)myName{
name = myName;
children= [NSMutableArray new];
return self;
}
-(void)Add:(ComComponents *)c{
[children addObject:c];
}
-(void)Remove:(ComComponents *)c{
[children addObject:c];
}
-(void)Display:(int)depth{
NSLog(@"[%dLevel]%@", depth,name);
for(ComComponents *component in children)
[component Display:depth +1];
}
@end
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| #import
#import "Leaf.h"
#import "Composite.h"
int main (int argc,const char *argv[])
{
@autoreleasepool{
Composite *root = [[Composite alloc]MyInit:@"root"];
[root Add:[[Leaf alloc]MyInit:@"Leaf A"]];
[root Add:[[Leaf alloc]MyInit:@"Leaf B"]];
Composite *comp = [[Composite alloc]MyInit:@"Composite X"];
[comp Add:[[Leaf alloc]MyInit:@"Leaf XA"]];
[comp Add:[[Leaf alloc]MyInit:@"Leaf XB"]];
[root Add:comp];
Composite *comp2 = [[Composite alloc]MyInit:@"Composite XY"];
[comp2 Add:[[Leaf alloc]MyInit:@"Leaf XYA"]];
[comp2 Add:[[Leaf alloc]MyInit:@"Leaf XYB"]];
[comp Add:comp2];
[root Add:[[Leaf alloc]MyInit:@"Leaf C"]];
Leaf *leaf = [[Leaf alloc]MyInit:@"Leaf D"];
[root Add:leaf];
[root Remove:leaf];
[root Display:1];
}
return 0;
}
|
好啦,组合模式结构还算简单,关键还是活学活用啊,这个才是真难啊!
转自:http://www.ohcoder.com/