CentOS7离线安装nginx
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1、概述
在CentOS 7系统中，离线安装Nginx是一个常见的需求，特别是在没有互联网连接的环境中。本文将详细介绍离线安装Nginx的步骤，包括所需的依赖包和安装过程。
2、nginx安装
2.1、下载安装包
下载安装包并将其上传到服务器后解压：
[root@bogon software]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz
解压后的内容如下：
drwxr-xr-x 6 mongod mongod 326 Sep 10 02:11 auto
-rw-r--r-- 1 mongod mongod 323312 Apr 10 2023 CHANGES
-rw-r--r-- 1 mongod mongod 494234 Apr 10 2023 CHANGES.ru
drwxr-xr-x 2 mongod mongod 168 Sep 10 02:11 conf
-rwxr-xr-x 1 mongod mongod 2611 Apr 10 2023 configure
drwxr-xr-x 4 mongod mongod 72 Sep 10 02:11 contrib
drwxr-xr-x 2 mongod mongod 40 Sep 10 02:11 html
-rw-r--r-- 1 mongod mongod 1397 Apr 10 2023 LICENSE
drwxr-xr-x 2 mongod mongod 21 Sep 10 02:11 man
-rw-r--r-- 1 mongod mongod 49 Apr 10 2023 README
drwxr-xr-x 9 mongod mongod 91 Sep 10 02:11 src
2.2、安装nginx
执行./configure
[root@bogon nginx-1.24.0]# ./configure
checking for OS
+ Linux 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 x86_64
checking for C compiler ... not found
./configure: error: C compiler cc is not found
从https://vault.centos.org/7.3.1611/os/x86_64/Packages/下载相关rpm包，并上传到服务器（目录自行指定）：
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6225248 Sep 10 02:25 cpp-4.8.5-11.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16957504 Sep 10 02:25 gcc-4.8.5-11.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3767280 Sep 10 02:25 glibc-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12038164 Sep 10 02:25 glibc-common-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1106292 Sep 10 02:25 glibc-devel-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 684244 Sep 10 02:25 glibc-headers-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1599280 Sep 10 02:25 glibc-static-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 213324 Sep 10 02:25 glibc-utils-2.17-157.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 51732 Sep 10 02:25 libmpc-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 32904 Sep 10 02:25 libmpc-devel-1.0.1-3.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 208316 Sep 10 02:25 mpfr-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 69904 Sep 10 02:25 mpfr-devel-3.1.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm
执行安装命令
[root@bogon gccrpm]# rpm -ivh *.rpm --nodeps --force
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:glibc-common-2.17-157.el7 ################################# [ 6%]
2:glibc-2.17-157.el7 ################################# [ 13%]
3:mpfr-3.1.1-4.el7 ################################# [ 19%]
4:libmpc-1.0.1-3.el7 ################################# [ 25%]
5:libstdc++-4.8.5-11.el7 ################################# [ 31%]
6:libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-11.el7 ################################# [ 38%]
7:cpp-4.8.5-11.el7 ################################# [ 44%]
8:mpfr-devel-3.1.1-4.el7 ################################# [ 50%]
9:glibc-headers-2.17-157.el7 ################################# [ 56%]
10:glibc-devel-2.17-157.el7 ################################# [ 63%]
11:gcc-4.8.5-11.el7 ################################# [ 69%]
12:gcc-c++-4.8.5-11.el7 ################################# [ 75%]
13:glibc-static-2.17-157.el7 ################################# [ 81%]
14:libmpc-devel-1.0.1-3.el7 ################################# [ 88%]
15:libstdc++-static-4.8.5-11.el7 ################################# [ 94%]
16:glibc-utils-2.17-157.el7 ################################# [100%]
验证gcc是否安装成功
[root@bogon gccrpm]# gcc --version
gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11)
Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
验证g++是否安装成功
[root@bogon gccrpm]# g++ --version
g++ (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-11)
Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
configure执行完之后：
Configuration summary
+ using system PCRE library
+ OpenSSL library is not used
+ using system zlib library
nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"
nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"
执行
make
make install
2.3、启动nginx
这种方式安装的nginx目录在/usr/local/nginx。
启动nginx
[root@bogon nginx]# ./sbin/nginx
[root@bogon nginx]#
[root@bogon nginx]#
[root@bogon nginx]# netstat -tunlp|grep 80
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 7452/nginx: master
2.4、验证
见到熟悉的页面（curl方式访问的）：
[root@bogon nginx]# curl localhost
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>
<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>
<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
3、总结
通过上述介绍，可以在CentOS 7系统中成功进行Nginx的离线安装。确保在安装前准备好所有必需的依赖包，如gcc、pcre、pcre-devel、zlib-devel，以避免出现依赖问题。
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