Hive学习笔记（10）- Hive 常见的查询

1 Hive 常见的查询

https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/LanguageManual+Select

SELECT [ALL | DISTINCT] select_expr, select_expr, ...
  FROM table_reference
  [WHERE where_condition]
  [GROUP BY col_list]
  [ORDER BY col_list]
  [CLUSTER BY col_list
    | [DISTRIBUTE BY col_list] [SORT BY col_list]
  ]
 [LIMIT [offset,] rows]

1.1 全表查询

select * from emp;

1.2 指定字段查询

SELECT t.empno,t.ename,t.deptno from emp t;

1.3 =, >=, <=

1.4 limit

1.5 between

SELECT t.empno,t.ename,t.deptno from emp t where t.sal between 800 and 1500;

1.6 is null,is not null, in, not in

SELECT t.empno,t.ename,t.deptno from emp t where comm is null;

1.7 max,min,count,sum,avg

SELECT COUNT(*) cnt FROM emp;
SELECT MAX(sal) max_sal FROM emp;
SELECT SUM(sal) FROM emp;
SELECT avg(sal) FROM emp;

2 Hive 高阶查询

2.1 group by

• 按照部门分组，然后查询每个部门的平均工资
  SELECT t.deptno,avg(sal) avg_sal from emp t GROUP BY t.deptno;
• 每个部门中每个岗位的最高薪水
  SELECT t.deptno,t.job, max(t.sal) max_sal from emp t GROUP BY t.deptno,job;

2.2 having

• where 是针对单条记录进行筛选
• having 针对分组结果进行筛选

---

• 求每个部门的平均薪资大于 2000 的部门
  SELECT deptno,avg(sal) avg_sal from emp GROUP BY deptno having avg_sal>2000;

2.3 join .. on ,等值连接

SELECT e.empno,e.ename,e.deptno FROM emp e join dept d on e.deptno=d.deptno;

2.4 左连接 left join

• 以左表为准
  SELECT e.empno,e.ename,e.deptno,d.dname FROM emp e left join dept d on e.deptno=d.deptno;
  

2.5 right join

SELECT e.empno,e.ename,e.deptno,d.dname FROM emp e right join dept d on e.deptno=d.deptno;

2.6 full join(用的少)

SELECT e.empno,e.ename,e.deptno,d.dname FROM emp e full join dept d on e.deptno=d.deptno;