Develop--Training(八)Getting Started--用碎片来构建动态的UI

FragmentActivity 是一个特殊的 Activity，提供了支持库处理 Fragment 在系统版本低于 API 级别 11 的时候。如果你支持的最低系统版本的 API 级别是 11 或更高版本，那么你可以使用常规的的活动。

如果你使用的是 V7 appcompat 库，你的活动应继承 AppCompatActivity，它是 FragmentActivity 的子类。

// 布局添加 Fragment
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

public class ArticleFragment extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
        Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // Inflate the layout for this fragment
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.article_view, container, false);
    }
}

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent">

    <fragment android:name="com.example.android.fragments.HeadlinesFragment"
              android:id="@+id/headlines_fragment"
              android:layout_weight="1"
              android:layout_width="0dp"
              android:layout_height="match_parent" />

    <fragment android:name="com.example.android.fragments.ArticleFragment"
              android:id="@+id/article_fragment"
              android:layout_weight="2"
              android:layout_width="0dp"
              android:layout_height="match_parent" />

</LinearLayout>

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;

public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity {
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.news_articles);
    }
}

// 动态添加 Fragment

<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/fragment_container"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" />
// 这是一个布局，这个容器是用来承载各种不同的 Fragment的

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;

public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity {
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.news_articles);
        // Check that the activity is using the layout version with the fragment_container FrameLayout
        if (findViewById(R.id.fragment_container) != null) {
            // However, if we're being restored from a previous state, then we don't need to do anything and should return or else we could end up with overlapping fragments.
            if (savedInstanceState != null) {
                return;
            }
            // Create a new Fragment to be placed in the activity layout
            HeadlinesFragment firstFragment = new HeadlinesFragment();
            // In case this activity was started with special instructions from an Intent, pass the Intent's extras to the fragment as arguments
            firstFragment.setArguments(getIntent().getExtras());

            // Add the fragment to the 'fragment_container' FrameLayout
            getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction()
                    .add(R.id.fragment_container, firstFragment).commit();
        }
    }
}
// 这是动态添加 Fragment，一定要开启一个事务，在所有操作完成之后，事务提交才能奏效。

Fragment 之间的数据通信，最好的话通过接口。定义一个接口，Activity 来实现这个接口，Fragment 来调用这个接口。

public class HeadlinesFragment extends ListFragment {

    OnHeadlineSelectedListener mCallback;
    // Container Activity must implement this interface
    public interface OnHeadlineSelectedListener {
        public void onArticleSelected(int position);
    }

    @Override
    public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
        super.onAttach(activity);
        try {
            mCallback = (OnHeadlineSelectedListener) activity;
        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
            throw new ClassCastException(activity.toString()
                    + " must implement OnHeadlineSelectedListener");
        }
    }

    ...
}

public static class MainActivity extends Activity
        implements HeadlinesFragment.OnHeadlineSelectedListener{
    ...

    public void onArticleSelected(int position) {
        // Do something here to display that article
    }
}