Arduino——把变量放到flash

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-28 12:16:44 发布

EmbededCoder

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-28 12:16:44 发布

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原文链接：https://www.geek-workshop.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=5159 https://www.arduino.cn/thread-7781-1-1.html

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如果arduino程序莫名不能运行、重启，莫名的问题，内存不够，内存溢出，如果还不能搞定arduino内存不够用，也许可以通过把变量定义到Flash来解决。

PROGMEM 关键字可以帮你把放在ram里面的变量，存到flash上面去，释放内存的占用。
比如：
原来这样定义，放到ram中，占用内存宝贵的6个字节。

unsigned int charSet[] = {1,2,3};

改成这样：放到flash中，占用廉价的flash6个字节，释放出内存6个字节。

PROGMEM prog_uint16_t charSet[] = { 1,2,3};

然后再读出来放到ram里面来运行。

这样的6个字节看起来没节省什么空间是吗？

unsigned int charSet[] = {1,2,3};

那这样的呢？能省很多了吧。。

PROGMEM unsigned int rawCodes_ac_open[200] = {4397,4368,561,1578,560,537,557,1581,584,1582,584,486,558,537,584,1554,560,538,558,510,558,1607,557,513,585,511,556,1585,581,1583,583,486,557,1609,556,513,558,538,557,512,558,1607,558,1583,557,1608,558,1608,557,1580,559,1606,559,1581,556,1609,557,512,559,537,558,512,557,539,557,512,558,1607,558,1582,558,537,584,1555,558,1607,556,514,559,537,556,513,558,537,556,514,558,1606,559,511,583,513,558,1582,557,1608,558,1580,585,5154,4419,4347,584,1555,558,539,557,1581,584,1581,571,501,577,516,571,1568,557,541,581,487,557,1608,557,513,558,538,557,1582,583,1582,584,487,557,1608,557,511,611,486,558,510,558,1607,557,1609,556,1583,583,1582,583,1555,558,1607,558,1607,559,1582,557,537,585,486,558,510,558,540,558,509,557,1608,558,1608,557,512,559,1606,559,1581,558,537,581,490,558,510,587,511,557,511,559,1606,559,510,569,527,558,1582,560,1604,561,1605,561};

还可以更多的
看看官方的reference:
http://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/PROGMEM

要想省内存出来，就需要2步，一步写到flash，一步从flash读出来。
看看例子，其实不难。下面看看支持哪些，

不支持float型...不支持float型....
prog_char    - a signed char (1 byte) -127 to 128
prog_uchar    - an unsigned char (1 byte) 0 to 255
prog_int16_t - a signed int (2 bytes) -32,767 to 32,768
prog_uint16_t  - an unsigned int (2 bytes) 0 to 65,535
prog_int32_t - a signed long (4 bytes) -2,147,483,648 to * 2,147,483,647.
prog_uint32_t  - an unsigned long (4 bytes) 0 to 4,294,967,295

下面是一段读写的例子
//保存一些 unsigned ints
PROGMEM  prog_uint16_t charSet[]  = { 65000, 32796, 16843, 10, 11234};

// 或者保存一些chars
prog_uchar signMessage[] PROGMEM  = {"I AM PREDATOR,  UNSEEN COMBATANT. CREATED BY THE UNITED STATES DEPART"};

unsigned int displayInt;
int k; //k在这里类似于i，你要自己循环增加
char myChar;

// 读回来一个 2-byte 的 int
displayInt = pgm_read_word_near(charSet + k)

// 读回来一个 char
myChar =  pgm_read_byte_near(signMessage + k);

注意事项

请注意，必须使用全局变量定义flash存储的数据，或者用static关键字定义，这样才能使PROGMEM正常工作。