前言
原型模式也写过一篇博客《原型模式》,但是深浅复制没有细讲,这一次学习原型时,深浅复制虽然思想清楚,但对应到代码时却糊涂了,经过与它人交流讨论与思考,已明白其原理。浅复制
<span style="font-size:18px;"> class WordExperience:ICloneable
{
private string workDate;
public string WorkDate
{
get { return workDate; }
set { workDate = value; }
}
private string company;
public string company
{
get { return company; }
set { company= value; }
}
}
//简历
class Resume :ICloneable
{
private string name;
private string sex;
private string age;
private WorkExperience work;
public Resume(string name)
{
this.name = name;
work = new WorkExperience();
}
public void SetPersonalInfo(string sex, string age)
{
this.sex = sex;
this.age = age;
}
//工作经历
public void SetWorkExperience(string workDate, string company)
{
this.WorkDate = workDate;
this.company = company;
}
//显示
public void Display()
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} {1} {2}", name, sex, age);
Console.WriteLine("工作经历:{0},{1}", work.WorkDate, work.company);
}
//克隆方法
public Object Clone()
{
return (Object)this.MemberwiseClone();
}
}
//客户端代码:
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//定义一个简历类(原型类)
Resume a = new Resume("大鸟");
a.SetPersonalInfo("男", "29");
a.SetWorkExperience("1998-2000", "XX公司");
Resume b = (Resume)a.Clone(); //克隆一个a对象
b.SetWorkExperience("1998-2006", "YY公司"); //重写b对象方法
Resume c = (Resume)a.Clone(); //再次克隆一个a对象
c.SetPersonalInfo("男", "24"); //重写c对象方法
//显示
a.Display();
b.Display();
c.Display();
Console.Read();
}
}</span>
重点在克隆方法MemberwiseClone():如果字段是值类型的,则对该字段执行诸位复制,如果字段是引用类型,则复制引用不复制对象,因此,原始对象及其复本引用同一个对象,这叫浅复制,被复制对象的所有变量都含有与原来的对象相同的值,而所有的对其它对象的引用都仍然指向原来的对象。然而深复制是把引用的对象的变量指向复制过的新对象,而不是原有的被引用的对象。
<pre name="code" class="java">class WordExperience:ICloneable
{
private string workDate;
public string WorkDate
{
get { return workDate; }
set { workDate = value; }
}
private string company;
public string company
{
get { return company; }
set { company= value; }
}
//克隆方法
public Object Clone()
{
return (Object)this.MemberwiseClone();
}
}
//简历
class Resume :ICloneable
{
private string name;
private string sex;
private string age;
private WorkExperience work;
public Resume(string name)
{
this.name = name;
work = new WorkExperience(); //构造函数运行时,会在内存的堆中克隆出一个新的对象
}
pulbic Resume(WorkExperience work)
{
this.work=(WorkExperience)work.Clone();
}
public void SetPersonalInfo(string sex, string age)
{
this.sex = sex;
this.age = age;
}
//工作经历
public void SetWorkExperience(string workDate, string company)
{
this.WorkDate = workDate;
this.company = company;
}
//显示
public void Display()
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} {1} {2}", name, sex, age);
Console.WriteLine("工作经历:{0},{1}", work.WorkDate, work.company);
}
//深复制克隆的实现。这个方法能克隆出简历类对象
public Object Clone()
{
Resume obj = new Resume(this.work);//工作经验类具体克隆在构造函数里
obj.name = this.name;
obj.sex = this.sex;
obj.age = this.age;
return obj;
}
}
深浅复制内存分析简单对比: