安装多版本python27并开启enable-shared

安装多个python27的版本，如果不开启enable-shared，指定不同路径即可。当开启enable-shared时，默认只有一个版本的python。
比如通过gcc4 和 gcc5 分别编译安装python到不同的路径，通过ldd查看关联的库，会发现都指向了同一个libpython2.7.so.1.0。

# 通过gcc4编译安装的python27，指向的是/opt/python27/lib

[root@cs-pl-test Python-2.7.2]# ldd /opt/pythonGcc5/bin/python
    linux-vdso.so.1 =>  (0x00007ffe027c6000)
    libpython2.7.so.1.0 => /opt/python27/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0 (0x00007fc50ae77000)
    libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007fc50ac59000)
    libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007fc50aa55000)
    libutil.so.1 => /lib64/libutil.so.1 (0x00007fc50a852000)
    libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007fc50a5cd000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007fc50a239000)
    /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fc50b260000)

# 通过gcc5编译安装的python27，指向的也是/opt/python27/lib

[root@cs-pl-test Python-2.7.13]# ldd /opt/pythonGcc5/bin/python
    linux-vdso.so.1 =>  (0x00007fff057ff000)
    libpython2.7.so.1.0 => /opt/python27/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0 (0x00007f4e1b7bc000)
    libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f4e1b59e000)
    libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f4e1b39a000)
    libutil.so.1 => /lib64/libutil.so.1 (0x00007f4e1b197000)
    libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007f4e1af12000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f4e1ab7e000)
    /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f4e1bba5000)

所以要共存的话，把它们指向的库改成对应的libpython2.7.so.1.0即可。

方法一
在编译时，指定LD_RUN_PATH

LD_RUN_PATH=/usr/local/lib make

比如这里指定了lib库的路径是/usr/local/lib，make后，python的libpython2.7.so.1.0 就指向/usr/local/lib了。注意，这里要先将当前路径下的libpython2.7.so.1.0复制到/usr/local/lib下，之后再make install

cp libpython2.7.so.1.0 /usr/local/lib

再看下该版本的指向，已经是/usr/local/lib了

[root@cs-pl-test Python-2.7.13]# ldd /opt/pythonGcc5/bin/python
    linux-vdso.so.1 =>  (0x00007ffea43af000)
    libpython2.7.so.1.0 => /usr/local/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0 (0x00007f971d0fe000)
    libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00007f971ced4000)
    libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00007f971ccd0000)
    libutil.so.1 => /lib64/libutil.so.1 (0x00007f971cacd000)
    libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x00007f971c848000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00007f971c4b4000)
    /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007f971d4db000)

方法二
使用工具修改python的libpython2.7.so.1.0指向
本次用patchelf
https://github.com/NixOS/patchelf
先编译安装下这个工具

git clone https://github.com/NixOS/patchelf
cd patchelf
./bootstrap.sh
./configure
make
make install

安装完成后，去到要修改的python路径下,先去掉现有的指向

/opt/patchelf/bin/patchelf --remove-needed libpython2.7.so.1.0 ./python

之后再增加到新路径即可

/opt/patchelf/bin/patchelf --add-needed /usr/local/lib/libpython2.7.so.1.0 ./python

推荐用第一种方法