前面画图步骤直接上略了,因为跟第十讲的步骤是一样的,这里不再累赘
1.创建4个菜单,为其添加消息响应,用成员变量保存绘画类型。添加LButtonDown和Up消息。
2.当窗口重绘时,如果想再显示原先画的数据,则需要保存数据。为此创建一个新类来记录绘画类型和两个点。
class CGraph
{
public:
CPoint m_ptOrigin;//起点
CPoint m_ptEnd;//终点
UINT m_nDrawType;//绘画类型
CGraph();
CGraph(UINT m_nDrawType,CPoint m_ptOrigin,CPoint m_ptEnd);//此为构造函数。
virtual ~CGraph();};
然后在void CGraphicView::OnLButtonUp(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)中加入如下代码
//CGraph graph(m_nDrawType,m_ptOrigin,point);//不能用局部变量
//m_ptrArray.Add(&graph);//加入这种指针数组中
/* OnPrepareDC(&dc);//这个函数中可以重新设置窗口原点,对于滚动条中,保存数据前要调用此函数
dc.DPtoLP(&m_ptOrigin);//将设备坐标转换为逻辑坐标
dc.DPtoLP(&point);//
CGraph *pGraph=new CGraph(m_nDrawType,m_ptOrigin,point);//在堆中创建新的对象
m_ptrArray.Add(pGraph);*///加入到指针数组中
在GraphicView.h中有如下代码
CPtrArray m_ptrArray;
在OnDraw中重画时调出数据
for(int i=0;i<m_ptrArray.GetSize();i++)
3.在CView::OnPaint()调用了OnDraw(),但在void CGraphicView::OnPaint()中MFC的Wizard没有调用OnDraw(),要注意这个区别。如果你此时想调用,必须手动添加代码。 OnDraw(&dc);
4.让窗口具有滚动条的功能。
第1.将CGraphicView的头文件中的CView全部替换成CSrollView
第2.添加如下的代码
void CGraphicView::OnInitialUpdate()
{
CScrollView::OnInitialUpdate();
// TOD Add your specialized code here and/or call the base class
SetScrollSizes(MM_TEXT,CSize(800,600));//设置映射模式,设定窗口大小。OK!
}
5.坐标系的转换,此处不再详细介绍,需要时请查阅相关资料。
6.解决重绘时线跑到上面的问题。为什么会错位?因为逻辑坐标和设备坐标没有对应起来。
解决方法:
在OnLButtonDown画完图后,保存之前。调用
/* OnPrepareDC(&dc);//重新设置逻辑坐标的原点!!!
dc.DPtoLP(&m_ptOrigin);//设备坐标转化为逻辑坐标
dc.DPtoLP(&point);
CGraph *pGraph=new CGraph(m_nDrawType,m_ptOrigin,point);
m_ptrArray.Add(pGraph);*/
7.另外两种方法来保存数据。
一种是用CMetaFileDC
另一种是利用兼容DC,重绘时利用 pDC->BitBlt(0,0,rect.Width(),rect.Height(),&m_dcCompatible,0,0,SRCCOPY);
- void CHuiTuBaoView::OnLButtonUp(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)
- {
- // TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
- /*CClientDC ccdc(this);
- CBrush *cbrush=CBrush::FromHandle((HBRUSH)GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH));
- ccdc.SelectObject(cbrush);
- switch(m_leixing)
- {
- case 0:
- ccdc.SetPixel(point,RGB(0,0,0));
- break;
- case 1:
- ccdc.MoveTo(m_yuandian);
- ccdc.LineTo(point);
- break;
- case 2:
- ccdc.Rectangle(&CRect(m_yuandian,point));
- break;
- case 3:
- ccdc.Ellipse(&CRect(m_yuandian,point));
- break;
- default:
- break;
- }*/
- //CHUATU huatu(m_leixing,m_yuandian,point);//对象的声明周期在右大括号结束之后就销毁了,所以不可行
- //m_carray.Add(&huatu);
- CHUATU *huatu=new CHUATU(m_leixing,m_yuandian,point);//使用指针,在堆栈分配了空间,与整个程序的声明周期一致,可行
- m_carray.Add(huatu);
- Invalidate();
- CView::OnLButtonUp(nFlags, point);
- }
- void CHuiTuBaoView::OnDraw(CDC* pDC)
- {
- CHuiTuBaoDoc* pDoc = GetDocument();
- ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);
- // TODO: add draw code for native data here
- CBrush *cbrush=CBrush::FromHandle((HBRUSH)GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH));
- pDC->SelectObject(cbrush);
- for(int i=0;i<m_carray.GetSize();++i)
- {
- switch(((CHUATU*)m_carray.GetAt(i))->m_cleixing)
- {
- case 0:
- pDC->SetPixel(((CHUATU*)m_carray.GetAt(i))->m_czhondian,RGB(255,0,0));
- break;
- case 1:
- pDC->MoveTo(((CHUATU*)m_carray.GetAt(i))->m_cyuandian);
- pDC->LineTo(((CHUATU*)m_carray.GetAt(i))->m_czhondian);
- break;
- case 2:
- pDC->Rectangle(&CRect(((CHUATU*)m_carray.GetAt(i))->m_cyuandian,((CHUATU*)m_carray.GetAt(i))->m_czhondian));
- break;
- case 3:
- pDC->Ellipse(&CRect(((CHUATU*)m_carray.GetAt(i))->m_cyuandian,((CHUATU*)m_carray.GetAt(i))->m_czhondian));
- break;
- default:
- break;
- }
- }
- }
上面使用CPtrArray来保存CHUATU的指针,那能不能使用我们熟悉的Vector动态数组来操作呢。试试便知
试验证明是可以的。
在CXXView头文件中写上
include<vector>
using namespace std;
然后定义成员变量
vector<CHUATU*>vv;
- void CHuiTuBaoView::OnLButtonUp(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)
- {
- // TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
- /*CClientDC ccdc(this);
- CBrush *cbrush=CBrush::FromHandle((HBRUSH)GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH));
- ccdc.SelectObject(cbrush);
- switch(m_leixing)
- {
- case 0:
- ccdc.SetPixel(point,RGB(0,0,0));
- break;
- case 1:
- ccdc.MoveTo(m_yuandian);
- ccdc.LineTo(point);
- break;
- case 2:
- ccdc.Rectangle(&CRect(m_yuandian,point));
- break;
- case 3:
- ccdc.Ellipse(&CRect(m_yuandian,point));
- break;
- default:
- break;
- }*/
- //CHUATU huatu(m_leixing,m_yuandian,point);
- //m_carray.Add(&huatu);
- /*CHUATU *huatu=new CHUATU(m_leixing,m_yuandian,point);
- m_carray.Add(huatu);
- Invalidate();*/
- CHUATU *huatu=new CHUATU(m_leixing,m_yuandian,point);
- vv.push_back(huatu);
- Invalidate();
- CView::OnLButtonUp(nFlags, point);
- }
- void CHuiTuBaoView::OnDraw(CDC* pDC)
- {
- CHuiTuBaoDoc* pDoc = GetDocument();
- ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);
- // TODO: add draw code for native data here
- CBrush *cbrush=CBrush::FromHandle((HBRUSH)GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH));
- pDC->SelectObject(cbrush);
- /*for(int i=0;i<m_carray.GetSize();++i)
- {
- switch(((CHUATU*)m_carray.GetAt(i))->m_cleixing)
- {
- case 0:
- pDC->SetPixel(((CHUATU*)m_carray.GetAt(i))->m_czhondian,RGB(255,0,0));
- break;
- case 1:
- pDC->MoveTo(((CHUATU*)m_carray.GetAt(i))->m_cyuandian);
- pDC->LineTo(((CHUATU*)m_carray.GetAt(i))->m_czhondian);
- break;
- case 2:
- pDC->Rectangle(&CRect(((CHUATU*)m_carray.GetAt(i))->m_cyuandian,((CHUATU*)m_carray.GetAt(i))->m_czhondian));
- break;
- case 3:
- pDC->Ellipse(&CRect(((CHUATU*)m_carray.GetAt(i))->m_cyuandian,((CHUATU*)m_carray.GetAt(i))->m_czhondian));
- break;
- default:
- break;
- }
- }*/
- for(vector<CHUATU*>::iterator itera=vv.begin();itera!=vv.end();++itera)
- {
- switch((*itera)->m_cleixing)
- {
- case 0:
- pDC->SetPixel((*itera)->m_czhondian,RGB(255,0,0));
- break;
- case 1:
- pDC->MoveTo((*itera)->m_cyuandian);
- pDC->LineTo((*itera)->m_czhondian);
- break;
- case 2:
- pDC->Rectangle(&CRect((*itera)->m_cyuandian,(*itera)->m_czhondian));
- break;
- case 3:
- pDC->Ellipse(&CRect((*itera)->m_cyuandian,(*itera)->m_czhondian));
- break;
- }
- }
- }
可以使用很多方法解决,不要丢了我们前面学习的C++知识喔。
下面是有关GDI映射的问题,具体也可以看我的Windows32GDI映射的博客
OnPrepareDC会随时根据滚动窗口的位置来调整视口的原点
下面是一个关于设置坐标位置的例子。
手动设置滚动条
1class CXXView : public CView--->class CXXView : public CScrollView
2把cpp文件中的CView全部替换成CScrollView
3设置滚动条的属性
- void SetScrollSizes( int nMapMode, SIZE sizeTotal, const SIZE& sizePage = sizeDefault, const SIZE& sizeLine = sizeDefault );
在CXXView中添加一个虚函数OnInitUpdate函数
4添加一条代码,这个函数是在调用OnDraw之前调用的
- void CHuiTuBaoView::OnInitialUpdate()
- {
- CScrollView::OnInitialUpdate();
- // TODO: Add your specialized code here and/or call the base class
- SetScrollSizes(MM_TEXT,CSize(800,600));
- }
然后就可以显示滚动条了:
然后用老师讲的方法,可以解决坐标映射问题,上面的PPT有讲问题的现象和解决方法
- void CHuiTuBaoView::OnLButtonUp(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)
- {
- // TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
- /*CClientDC ccdc(this);
- CBrush *cbrush=CBrush::FromHandle((HBRUSH)GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH));
- ccdc.SelectObject(cbrush);
- switch(m_leixing)
- {
- case 0:
- ccdc.SetPixel(point,RGB(0,0,0));
- break;
- case 1:
- ccdc.MoveTo(m_yuandian);
- ccdc.LineTo(point);
- break;
- case 2:
- ccdc.Rectangle(&CRect(m_yuandian,point));
- break;
- case 3:
- ccdc.Ellipse(&CRect(m_yuandian,point));
- break;
- default:
- break;
- }*/
- //CHUATU huatu(m_leixing,m_yuandian,point);
- //m_carray.Add(&huatu);
- /*CHUATU *huatu=new CHUATU(m_leixing,m_yuandian,point);
- m_carray.Add(huatu);
- Invalidate();*/
- CClientDC ccdc(this);
- OnPrepareDC(&ccdc);
- ccdc.DPtoLP(&m_yuandian);
- ccdc.DPtoLP(&point);
- CHUATU *huatu=new CHUATU(m_leixing,m_yuandian,point);
- vv.push_back(huatu);
- Invalidate();
- CScrollView::OnLButtonUp(nFlags, point);
- }
这样就完美解决了。
OnPaint中调用了OnprepareDC和OnDraw函数,OnprepareDC就是用来调整(设备环境)视口的
使用原文件上下文保存图像,CMetaFileDC
在OnLButtonUp中,CMetaFileDC yuanwenjian是成员变量,构造函数中Create
- CBrush *cbrush=CBrush::FromHandle((HBRUSH)GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH));
- yuanwenjiandc.SelectObject(cbrush);
- switch(m_leixing)
- {
- case 0:
- yuanwenjiandc.SetPixel(point,RGB(0,0,0));
- break;
- case 1:
- yuanwenjiandc.MoveTo(m_yuandian);
- yuanwenjiandc.LineTo(point);
- break;
- case 2:
- yuanwenjiandc.Rectangle(&CRect(m_yuandian,point));
- break;
- case 3:
- yuanwenjiandc.Ellipse(&CRect(m_yuandian,point));
- break;
- default:
- break;
- }
在OnDraw中
- void CHuiTuBaoView::OnDraw(CDC* pDC)
- {
- CHuiTuBaoDoc* pDoc = GetDocument();
- ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);
- // TODO: add draw code for native data here
- CBrush *cbrush=CBrush::FromHandle((HBRUSH)GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH));
- pDC->SelectObject(cbrush);
- HMETAFILE hmetafile;
- hmetafile=yuanwenjiandc.Close();
- pDC->PlayMetaFile(hmetafile);
- yuanwenjiandc.Create();
- DeleteMetaFile(hmetafile);}//一定要关闭,否则出错
如果还想要保存原来的图画,这这样
- void CHuiTuBaoView::OnDraw(CDC* pDC)
- {
- CHuiTuBaoDoc* pDoc = GetDocument();
- ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);
- // TODO: add draw code for native data here
- CBrush *cbrush=CBrush::FromHandle((HBRUSH)GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH));
- pDC->SelectObject(cbrush);
- HMETAFILE hmetafile;
- hmetafile=yuanwenjiandc.Close();
- pDC->PlayMetaFile(hmetafile);
- yuanwenjiandc.Create();
- yuanwenjiandc.PlayMetaFile(hmetafile);//保存上一次绘画的图案
- DeleteMetaFile(hmetafile);
- }
CMetaFile只是保存的是绘图的命令,而不是文件
下面给打开和保存添加事件
- void CHuiTuBaoView::OnFileSave()
- {
- // TODO: Add your command handler code here
- HMETAFILE hmetafile;
- hmetafile=yuanwenjiandc.Close();
- CopyMetaFile(hmetafile,"meta.wmf");
- yuanwenjiandc.Create();
- DeleteMetaFile(hmetafile);
- }
- void CHuiTuBaoView::OnFileOpen()
- {
- // TODO: Add your command handler code here
- HMETAFILE hmetafile;
- hmetafile=GetMetaFile("meta.wmf");
- yuanwenjiandc.PlayMetaFile(hmetafile);
- DeleteMetaFile(hmetafile);
- Invalidate();
- }
使用另外一种方法保存,兼容DC
在OnLButtonUp中
- CBrush *cbrush=CBrush::FromHandle((HBRUSH)GetStockObject(NULL_BRUSH));
- CClientDC ccdc(this);
- if(!compatibledc)
- {
- compatibledc.CreateCompatibleDC(&ccdc);
- CRect rect;
- GetClientRect(&rect);
- CBitmap bitmap;
- bitmap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(&ccdc,rect.Width(),rect.Height());
- compatibledc.SelectObject(&bitmap);
- compatibledc.SelectObject(cbrush);
- compatibledc.BitBlt(0,0,rect.Width(),rect.Height(),&ccdc,0,0,SRCCOPY);//兼容位图跟普通不一样
- }
- yuanwenjiandc.SelectObject(cbrush);
- switch(m_leixing)
- {
- case 0:
- compatibledc.SetPixel(point,RGB(0,0,0));
- break;
- case 1:
- compatibledc.MoveTo(m_yuandian);
- compatibledc.LineTo(point);
- break;
- case 2:
- compatibledc.Rectangle(&CRect(m_yuandian,point));
- break;
- case 3:
- compatibledc.Ellipse(&CRect(m_yuandian,point));
- break;
- default:
- break;
- }
OnDraw中
- CRect rect;
- GetClientRect(&rect);
- pDC->BitBlt(0,0,rect.Width(),rect.Height(),&compatibledc,0,0,SRCCOPY);