第五十篇： JAVA加密解密之数字证书

最新推荐文章于 2021-04-04 21:24:21 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-04-04 21:24:21 发布

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分类专栏： Java相关开发文章标签： java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u012426327/article/details/77744184

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系统之间在进行交互的时候，我们经常会用到数字证书，数字证书可以帮我们验证身份等，下面我们就来看一下在Java中如何使用数字证书。
我们先使用keytool工具生成密钥库并导出公钥证书。
第一步：生成keyStroe文件
执行如下命令：

keytool -genkey -validity 36000 -alias www.jianggujin.com -keyalg RSA -keystore test.keystore

该命令相关参数如下：
这里写图片描述

输入完后，我们需要按照提示完成后续信息的输入，这里面我们使用的密码为：123456

第二步：导出公钥证书
生成完密钥库后，我们就可以导出公钥文件了，执行如下命令：

keytool -export -keystore test.keystore -alias www.jianggujin.com -file test.cer -rfc

该命令相关参数如下：
这里写图片描述

完整操作过程如下：
这里写图片描述

经过这两步后，我们就有了密钥库和证书文件，和之前的加密解密工具类一样，我们再来编写一个用于操作数字证书的工具类：

package com.jianggujin.codec;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.Signature;
import java.security.cert.Certificate;
import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.Date;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;

/**
 * 数字证书
 * 
 * @author jianggujin
 *
 */
public class HQCertificate
{
   private static HQCertificate certificate = new HQCertificate();

   public static HQCertificate getInstance()
   {
      return certificate;
   }

   private HQCertificate()
   {
   }

   /**
    * 密钥库
    * 
    * @author jianggujin
    *
    */
   public static enum HQKeyStore
   {

      JCEKS("jceks"), JKS("jks"), DKS("dks"), PKCS11("pkcs11"), PKCS12("pkcs12");
      private String name;

      private HQKeyStore(String name)
      {
         this.name = name;
      }

      public String getName()
      {
         return this.name;
      }
   }

   /**
    * Java密钥库(Java Key Store，JKS)KEY_STORE
    */
   // public final String KEY_STORE = "JKS";

   public final String X509 = "X.509";

   /**
    * 由KeyStore获得私钥
    * 
    * @param keyStorePath
    * @param alias
    * @param password
    * @return
    * @throws Exception
    */
   private PrivateKey getPrivateKey(String keyStorePath, String alias, char[] password, HQKeyStore keyStore)
         throws Exception
   {
      KeyStore ks = getKeyStore(keyStorePath, password, keyStore);
      PrivateKey key = (PrivateKey) ks.getKey(alias, password);
      return key;
   }

   /**
    * 由Certificate获得公钥
    * 
    * @param certificatePath
    * @return
    * @throws Exception
    */
   private PublicKey getPublicKey(String certificatePath) throws Exception
   {
      Certificate certificate = getCertificate(certificatePath);
      PublicKey key = certificate.getPublicKey();
      return key;
   }

   /**
    * 获得Certificate
    * 
    * @param certificatePath
    * @return
    * @throws Exception
    */
   private Certificate getCertificate(String certificatePath) throws Exception
   {
      CertificateFactory certificateFactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance(X509);
      FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(certificatePath);
      Certificate certificate = certificateFactory.generateCertificate(in);
      in.close();
      return certificate;
   }

   /**
    * 获得Certificate
    * 
    * @param keyStorePath
    * @param alias
    * @param password
    * @return
    * @throws Exception
    */
   private Certificate getCertificate(String keyStorePath, String alias, char[] password, HQKeyStore keyStore)
         throws Exception
   {
      KeyStore ks = getKeyStore(keyStorePath, password, keyStore);
      return getCertificate(ks, alias);
   }

   private Certificate getCertificate(KeyStore keyStore, String alias) throws Exception
   {
      Certificate certificate = keyStore.getCertificate(alias);
      return certificate;
   }

   /**
    * 获得KeyStore
    * 
    * @param keyStorePath
    * @param password
    * @return
    * @throws Exception
    */
   public KeyStore getKeyStore(String keyStorePath, char[] password, HQKeyStore keyStore) throws Exception
   {
      KeyStore store = null;
      FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(keyStorePath);
      store = getKeyStore(is, password, keyStore);
      is.close();
      return store;
   }

   public KeyStore getKeyStore(InputStream in, char[] password, HQKeyStore keyStore) throws Exception
   {
      KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(keyStore.getName());
      ks.load(in, password);
      return ks;
   }

   /**
    * 私钥加密
    * 
    * @param data
    * @param keyStorePath
    * @param alias
    * @param password
    * @return
    * @throws Exception
    */
   public byte[] encrypt(byte[] data, String keyStorePath, String alias, char[] password, HQKeyStore keyStore)
         throws Exception
   {
      // 取得私钥
      PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey(keyStorePath, alias, password, keyStore);

      return encrypt(data, privateKey);

   }

   public byte[] encrypt(byte[] data, PrivateKey privateKey) throws Exception
   {
      // 对数据加密
      Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(privateKey.getAlgorithm());
      cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
      return cipher.doFinal(data);
   }

   /**
    * 公钥加密
    * 
    * @param data
    * @param certificatePath
    * @return
    * @throws Exception
    */
   public byte[] encrypt(byte[] data, String certificatePath) throws Exception
   {
      // 取得公钥
      PublicKey publicKey = getPublicKey(certificatePath);
      return encrypt(data, publicKey);

   }

   public byte[] encrypt(byte[] data, PublicKey publicKey) throws Exception
   {
      // 对数据加密
      Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(publicKey.getAlgorithm());
      cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
      return cipher.doFinal(data);

   }

   /**
    * 私钥解密
    * 
    * @param data
    * @param keyStorePath
    * @param alias
    * @param password
    * @return
    * @throws Exception
    */
   public byte[] decrypt(byte[] data, String keyStorePath, String alias, char[] password, HQKeyStore keyStore)
         throws Exception
   {
      // 取得私钥
      PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey(keyStorePath, alias, password, keyStore);
      return decrypt(data, privateKey);
   }

   public byte[] decrypt(byte[] data, PrivateKey privateKey) throws Exception
   {
      // 对数据加密
      Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(privateKey.getAlgorithm());
      cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
      return cipher.doFinal(data);
   }

   /**
    * 公钥解密
    * 
    * @param data
    * @param certificatePath
    * @return
    * @throws Exception
    */
   public byte[] decrypt(byte[] data, String certificatePath) throws Exception
   {
      // 取得公钥
      PublicKey publicKey = getPublicKey(certificatePath);
      // 对数据加密
      Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(publicKey.getAlgorithm());
      cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
      return decrypt(data, publicKey);
   }

   public byte[] decrypt(byte[] data, PublicKey publicKey) throws Exception
   {
      // 对数据加密
      Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(publicKey.getAlgorithm());
      cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
      return cipher.doFinal(data);

   }

   /**
    * 验证Certificate
    * 
    * @param certificatePath
    * @return
    */
   public boolean verifyCertificate(String certificatePath)
   {
      return verifyCertificate(new Date(), certificatePath);
   }

   /**
    * 验证Certificate是否过期或无效
    * 
    * @param date
    * @param certificatePath
    * @return
    */
   public boolean verifyCertificate(Date date, String certificatePath)
   {
      boolean status = true;
      try
      {
         // 取得证书
         Certificate certificate = getCertificate(certificatePath);
         // 验证证书是否过期或无效
         status = verifyCertificate(date, certificate);
      }
      catch (Exception e)
      {
         status = false;
      }
      return status;
   }

   /**
    * 验证证书是否过期或无效
    * 
    * @param date
    * @param certificate
    * @return
    */
   private boolean verifyCertificate(Date date, Certificate certificate)
   {
      boolean status = true;
      try
      {
         X509Certificate x509Certificate = (X509Certificate) certificate;
         x509Certificate.checkValidity(date);
      }
      catch (Exception e)
      {
         status = false;
      }
      return status;
   }

   /**
    * 签名
    * 
    * @param keyStorePath
    * @param alias
    * @param password
    * 
    * @return
    * @throws Exception
    */
   public byte[] sign(byte[] data, String keyStorePath, String alias, char[] password, HQKeyStore keyStore)
         throws Exception
   {
      // 获得证书
      Certificate certificate = getCertificate(keyStorePath, alias, password, keyStore);
      // 取得私钥
      PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey(keyStorePath, alias, password, keyStore);
      return sign(data, certificate, privateKey);
   }

   public byte[] sign(byte[] data, Certificate certificate, PrivateKey privateKey) throws Exception
   {
      // 获得证书
      X509Certificate x509Certificate = (X509Certificate) certificate;

      // 构建签名
      Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(x509Certificate.getSigAlgName());
      signature.initSign(privateKey);
      signature.update(data);
      return signature.sign();
   }

   /**
    * 验证签名
    * 
    * @param data
    * @param sign
    * @param certificatePath
    * @return
    * @throws Exception
    */
   public boolean verify(byte[] data, byte[] sign, String certificatePath) throws Exception
   {
      // 获得证书
      Certificate certificate = getCertificate(certificatePath);

      return verify(data, sign, certificate);
   }

   public boolean verify(byte[] data, byte[] sign, Certificate certificate) throws Exception
   {
      // 获得证书
      X509Certificate x509Certificate = (X509Certificate) certificate;
      // 获得公钥
      PublicKey publicKey = x509Certificate.getPublicKey();
      // 构建签名
      Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(x509Certificate.getSigAlgName());
      signature.initVerify(publicKey);
      signature.update(data);

      return signature.verify(sign);
   }

   /**
    * 验证Certificate
    * 
    * @param keyStorePath
    * @param alias
    * @param password
    * @return
    */
   public boolean verifyCertificate(Date date, String keyStorePath, String alias, char[] password, HQKeyStore keyStore)
   {
      boolean status = true;
      try
      {
         Certificate certificate = getCertificate(keyStorePath, alias, password, keyStore);
         status = verifyCertificate(date, certificate);
      }
      catch (Exception e)
      {
         status = false;
      }
      return status;
   }

   /**
    * 验证Certificate
    * 
    * @param keyStorePath
    * @param alias
    * @param password
    * @return
    */
   public boolean verifyCertificate(String keyStorePath, String alias, char[] password, HQKeyStore keyStore)
   {
      return verifyCertificate(new Date(), keyStorePath, alias, password, keyStore);
   }
}
 
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编写测试工具类，使用我们刚才生成的密钥库和证书文件进行测试：

import org.junit.Test;

import com.jianggujin.codec.HQBase64;
import com.jianggujin.codec.HQCertificate;
import com.jianggujin.codec.HQCertificate.HQKeyStore;

public class CertificateTest
{
   HQCertificate certificate = HQCertificate.getInstance();
   HQBase64 base64 = HQBase64.getInstance();

   private char[] password = "123456".toCharArray();
   private String alias = "www.jianggujin.com";
   private String certificatePath = "test.cer";
   private String keyStorePath = "test.keystore";

   @Test
   public void encode() throws Exception
   {
      byte[] data = "jianggujin".getBytes();
      HQKeyStore keyStore = HQKeyStore.JKS;
      byte[] signResult = certificate.sign(data, keyStorePath, alias, password, keyStore);
      System.err.println("验证证书：" + certificate.verifyCertificate(certificatePath));
      System.err.println("签名：" + base64.encodeToString(signResult));
      System.err.println("验签：" + certificate.verify(data, signResult, certificatePath));
      byte[] result = certificate.encrypt(data, keyStorePath, alias, password, HQKeyStore.JKS);
      System.err.println("加密：" + base64.encodeToString(signResult));
      System.err.println("解密：" + new String(certificate.decrypt(result, certificatePath)));
   }
}
 
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执行结果：
验证证书：true
签名：dCzoEcjXQgBrTsYxZ6I94zuwgg/GkCmT0q8HjYan4p7hOlfCoFqxXd1/alFjyqfiJmr20ET6aBw/cxECmcJ4m7JqssQ3Pw/aNyVNDTQznFLILxiX9ytSrOAGF7Z55OvpZ6rhm/YS7bAH17PegWrbtiuReBIv/Kbsw2Z4nDbJ2UhIwoUHYy0j+8RES4eQ7LwQtE6EabUmSuyJOzivbkg8onvpcQqCg3Wtd7jqS7pBiYggeR5jHWcCTSMpBtDr/X1/71brFl6zsyBhnAi4EU8lyfqeNtrgbCCaBfDBTf0hVWnv6kRg38fK0OtGFTRCI55Lbz3cEzYpOZi5f1AZpvrMBQ==
验签：true
加密：dCzoEcjXQgBrTsYxZ6I94zuwgg/GkCmT0q8HjYan4p7hOlfCoFqxXd1/alFjyqfiJmr20ET6aBw/cxECmcJ4m7JqssQ3Pw/aNyVNDTQznFLILxiX9ytSrOAGF7Z55OvpZ6rhm/YS7bAH17PegWrbtiuReBIv/Kbsw2Z4nDbJ2UhIwoUHYy0j+8RES4eQ7LwQtE6EabUmSuyJOzivbkg8onvpcQqCg3Wtd7jqS7pBiYggeR5jHWcCTSMpBtDr/X1/71brFl6zsyBhnAi4EU8lyfqeNtrgbCCaBfDBTf0hVWnv6kRg38fK0OtGFTRCI55Lbz3cEzYpOZi5f1AZpvrMBQ==
解密：jianggujin