教材:Head First HTML与CSS、XHTML(中文版)
HTML实例分析:
<html>
<head>
<title>Head First Lounge</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to the Head First Lounge</h1>
<img src="drinks.gif>
<p>
Join us an evening for refreshing elixirs,
coversation and maybe a game or
two of <em>Dance Dance Revolution</em>.
Wireless access is always provided;
BYOWS(Bring your own web server).
</p>
<h2>Directins</h2>
<p>
You'll find us right in the center of
downtown Webville.Come join us!
</p>
</body>
</html>
在HTML中注释可以采用<!--和-->
,任何写在<!--和\-->
之间的内容都会被浏览器忽略。
<html>HTML从这里开始
<head>页面“头”开始
<title>标签给页面一个标题
<body>主体开始
<h1>告诉浏览器这是标题
<img src="drinks.gif">在这里放置图片drinks.gif
<p>开始一个段落
<h2>子标题
第一个HTML:
<html>
<head>
<title>Starbuzz Coffee</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1><Starbuzz Coffee Beverages</h1>
<h2>House Blend,$1.49</h2>
<p>A smooth,mild blend of coffees from Mexico,
Bolivia and Guatemala.</p>
<h2>Mocha Cafe Latte,$2.35</h2>
<p>Expresso,steamed milk and chocolate syrup.</p>
<h2>Cappuccino,$1.89</h2>
<p>A mixture of expresso,steamed milk and foam.</p>
<h2>Chai Tea,$1.85</h2>
<p>A spicy drink made with black tea,spices,
milk and honey.</p>
</body>
</html>
tips:写HTML时把头部和主体分开。
<h1> Starbuzz Coffee Beverages</h1>
整个语句称为一个元素,一个元素由闭合标记及它们之间的内容组成。称一对开始标记和结束标记为匹配标记。
元素=开始标记+内容+结束标记
CSS:Cascading Style Sheets 级联样式表
在上述代码中加入样式元素<style>
:
<html>
<head>
<title>Starbuzz Coffee</title>
<style type="text/css">
body{
background-color: #d2b48c;
margin-left: 20%;
margin-right: 20% border: 1px dotted gray;
padding: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
font-family:sans-serif;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1><Starbuzz Coffee Beverages</h1>
<h2>House Blend,$1.49</h2>
<p>A smooth,mild blend of coffees from Mexico,
Bolivia and Guatemala.</p>
<h2>Mocha Cafe Latte,$2.35</h2>
<p>Expresso,steamed milk and chocolate syrup.</p>
<h2>Cappuccino,$1.89</h2>
<p>A mixture of expresso,steamed milk and foam.</p>
<h2>Chai Tea,$1.85</h2>
<p>A spicy drink made with black tea,spices,
milk and honey.</p>
</body>
</html>
<style>
样式元素中有一个名为type的属性,用来告诉浏览器所使用样式的种类,由于即将使用CSS,因此指定为“text/css”类型:
<style type="text/css">
body{
background-color: #d2b48c;
margin-left: 20%;
margin-right: 20%
border: 1px dotted gray;
padding: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
font-family:sans-serif;
}
</style>
样式元素中的属性用来为一个元素提供附加信息
background-color:指定背景颜色
margin-left:20% 左边界设置为每边占页面的20%
border:1px dotted gray 指定主体周围边框线为点式且颜色为灰色
padding:10px 10px 10px 10px 在页面主体周围创建某种填充
font-family:指定文本使用的字体
CSS含有的body代表“{“和“}”之间的所有CSS将应用于HTML<body>
元素中的内容