一、简介
在分布式系统中,由于服务数量巨多,为了方便服务配置文件统一管理,实时更新,所以需要分布式配置中心组件。在Spring Cloud中,有分布式配置中心组件spring cloud config ,它支持配置服务放在配置服务的内存中(即本地),也支持放在远程Git仓库中。在spring cloud config 组件中,分两个角色,一是config-server,二是config-client。
二、搭建工程
1、搭建父工程config-parent
导入依赖
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath />
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
2、搭建config-server
A.导入依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
B.Application类加上@EnableConfigServer注解开启配置服务器的功能
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigServer
public class ConfigServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args);
}
}
C.application.properties配置
spring.application.name=config-server
server.port=8888
spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://github.com/zhoudoujun/spring-boot-example
spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths=src/main/resources
spring.cloud.config.label=master
spring.cloud.config.server.git.username=
spring.cloud.config.server.git.password=
spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri:配置git仓库地址
spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths:配置仓库路径
spring.cloud.config.label:配置仓库的分支
spring.cloud.config.server.git.username:访问git仓库的用户名
spring.cloud.config.server.git.password:访问git仓库的用户密码
kafka.clients.cfg.spring.boot.example=KAFKA_CLIENTS_CFG_SPRING_BOOT_EXAMPLE
启动程序:访问http://localhost:8888/env/dev
{“name”:“env”,“profiles”:[“dev”],“label”:null,“version”:“5d96c23e808d7b58df251a67b257ed37d2ae092d”,“state”:null,“propertySources”:[{“name”:“https://github.com/zhoudoujun/spring-boot-example/src/main/resources/application.properties”,“source”:{“spring.mvc.view.prefix”:"/",“spring.mvc.view.suffix”:".jsp",“kafka.clients.cfg.spring.boot.example”:“KAFKA_CLIENTS_CFG_SPRING_BOOT_EXAMPLE”}}]}
证明配置服务中心可以从远程程序获取配置信息。
http请求地址和资源文件映射如下:
/{application}/{profile}[/{label}]
/{application}-{profile}.yml
/{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml
/{application}-{profile}.properties
/{label}/{application}-{profile}.properties
3、搭建config-client
A.导入依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
B.配置文件application.properties
spring.application.name=config-client
server.port=8881
spring.cloud.config.label=master
spring.cloud.config.profile=dev
spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/
spring.cloud.config.label 指明远程仓库的分支
spring.cloud.config.profile
dev开发环境配置文件
test测试环境
pro正式环境
spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/ 指明配置服务中心的网址。
C.API接口“/hello”,返回从配置中心读取的变量的值,代码如下:
@RestController
public class HelloController {
@Value("${name}")
String name;
@RequestMapping(value = "/hello")
public String hi(){
return "hello: " + name;
}
}
D.启动项
@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class ConfigClientApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApplication.class, args);
}
}
E.打开网址访问:http://localhost:8881/hello,网页显示:
hello: adou