七、Eureka: 分布式配置中心Config

一、简介

在分布式系统中，由于服务数量巨多，为了方便服务配置文件统一管理，实时更新，所以需要分布式配置中心组件。在Spring Cloud中，有分布式配置中心组件spring cloud config ，它支持配置服务放在配置服务的内存中（即本地），也支持放在远程Git仓库中。在spring cloud config 组件中，分两个角色，一是config-server，二是config-client。

二、搭建工程

1、搭建父工程config-parent

导入依赖

<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.1.3.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath />
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

2、搭建config-server

A.导入依赖

<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

B.Application类加上@EnableConfigServer注解开启配置服务器的功能

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigServer
public class ConfigServerApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args);
	}
}

C.application.properties配置

spring.application.name=config-server
server.port=8888

spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://github.com/zhoudoujun/spring-boot-example
spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths=src/main/resources
spring.cloud.config.label=master
spring.cloud.config.server.git.username=
spring.cloud.config.server.git.password=

spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri：配置git仓库地址
spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths：配置仓库路径
spring.cloud.config.label：配置仓库的分支
spring.cloud.config.server.git.username：访问git仓库的用户名
spring.cloud.config.server.git.password：访问git仓库的用户密码

kafka.clients.cfg.spring.boot.example=KAFKA_CLIENTS_CFG_SPRING_BOOT_EXAMPLE

启动程序：访问http://localhost:8888/env/dev
{“name”:“env”,“profiles”:[“dev”],“label”:null,“version”:“5d96c23e808d7b58df251a67b257ed37d2ae092d”,“state”:null,“propertySources”:[{“name”:“https://github.com/zhoudoujun/spring-boot-example/src/main/resources/application.properties”,“source”:{“spring.mvc.view.prefix”:"/",“spring.mvc.view.suffix”:".jsp",“kafka.clients.cfg.spring.boot.example”:“KAFKA_CLIENTS_CFG_SPRING_BOOT_EXAMPLE”}}]}

证明配置服务中心可以从远程程序获取配置信息。

http请求地址和资源文件映射如下:
/{application}/{profile}[/{label}]
/{application}-{profile}.yml
/{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml
/{application}-{profile}.properties
/{label}/{application}-{profile}.properties

3、搭建config-client

A.导入依赖

<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	
	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

B.配置文件application.properties

spring.application.name=config-client
server.port=8881

spring.cloud.config.label=master
spring.cloud.config.profile=dev
spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/

spring.cloud.config.label 指明远程仓库的分支
spring.cloud.config.profile
dev开发环境配置文件
test测试环境
pro正式环境
spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/ 指明配置服务中心的网址。

C.API接口“／hello”，返回从配置中心读取的变量的值，代码如下：

@RestController
public class HelloController {
	
	@Value("${name}")
	String name;
	@RequestMapping(value = "/hello")
	public String hi(){
		return "hello: " + name;
	}
}

D.启动项

@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class ConfigClientApplication {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApplication.class, args);
	}
}

E.打开网址访问：http://localhost:8881/hello，网页显示：

hello: adou

F.git仓库读取图