QT 软件键盘及动态属性

于 2014-11-04 15:09:56 发布
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分类专栏： Linux qt嵌入式开发 文章标签： qt 软键盘 动态属性 inputcontext


 转载自：http://xl028.blog.163.com/blog/static/1997302422012728113519978/


根据qt中自带inputpanel实例，自己重写该过程，并详细分析过程及注意事项。

  新建，GUI应用，基类Qwidget，主界面简单拖入几个有输入功能的部件。

软件键盘及动态属性 - 直到永远 - 直到永远的博客
  继续，新建UI类MyInputpanel，基类选QWidget
myinputpanel.h 
 #ifndef MYINPUTPANEL_H
#define MYINPUTPANEL_H
#include <QtGui>
#include <QWidget>
namespace Ui {
class MyInputPanel;
}
class MyInputPanel : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT
    
public:
     MyInputPanel();
     QWidget *getFocusedWidget();//获取有光标且需要输入的窗口指针
signals:
    void characterGenerated(QChar character);//字符产生，每个按键都要对应一个ASCII
protected://事件处理函数，这里只处理窗口激活事件，其它事件lfyw
    bool event(QEvent *e);
private slots://保存上次要输入窗口的指针
    void saveFocusWidget(QWidget *oldFocus, QWidget *newFocus);
    void buttonClicked(QWidget *w);

private:
    Ui::MyInputPanel *ui;
    QWidget *lastFocusedWidget;
    QSignalMapper signalMapper;//多信号的映射
};
#endif // MYINPUTPANEL_H

myinputpanel.cpp
#include "myinputpanel.h"
#include "ui_myinputpanelform.h"
MyInputPanel::MyInputPanel()
    : QWidget(0, Qt::Tool | Qt::WindowStaysOnTopHint),  //工具窗口
    lastFocusedWidget(0),
    ui(new Ui::MyInputPanel)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    //连接应用程序的光标改变信号与saveFocusWidget
    connect(qApp, SIGNAL(focusChanged(QWidget*,QWidget*)),
            this, SLOT(saveFocusWidget(QWidget*,QWidget*)));
    //用setMapping函数将各按键与特殊的字符串或整数建立映射，
    //这里是ui->panelButton_0和其自身这种整数建立映射，
    //这种特殊的整数在map函数重新发送各信号的时候有用
    signalMapper.setMapping(ui->panelButton_0, ui->panelButton_0);
    signalMapper.setMapping(ui->panelButton_1, ui->panelButton_1);
    signalMapper.setMapping(ui->panelButton_2, ui->panelButton_2);
    signalMapper.setMapping(ui->panelButton_3, ui->panelButton_3);
    signalMapper.setMapping(ui->panelButton_4, ui->panelButton_4);
    signalMapper.setMapping(ui->panelButton_5, ui->panelButton_5);
    signalMapper.setMapping(ui->panelButton_6, ui->panelButton_6);
    signalMapper.setMapping(ui->panelButton_7, ui->panelButton_7);
    signalMapper.setMapping(ui->panelButton_8, ui->panelButton_8);
    signalMapper.setMapping(ui->panelButton_9, ui->panelButton_9);
    signalMapper.setMapping(ui->panelButton_star, ui->panelButton_star);
    signalMapper.setMapping(ui->panelButton_hash, ui->panelButton_hash);
    
    //再将各按键对象和map函数建立信号与槽的关系
    connect(ui->panelButton_0, SIGNAL(clicked()),
            &signalMapper, SLOT(map()));
    connect(ui->panelButton_1, SIGNAL(clicked()),
            &signalMapper, SLOT(map()));
    connect(ui->panelButton_2, SIGNAL(clicked()),
            &signalMapper, SLOT(map()));
    connect(ui->panelButton_3, SIGNAL(clicked()),
            &signalMapper, SLOT(map()));
    connect(ui->panelButton_4, SIGNAL(clicked()),
            &signalMapper, SLOT(map()));
    connect(ui->panelButton_5, SIGNAL(clicked()),
            &signalMapper, SLOT(map()));
    connect(ui->panelButton_6, SIGNAL(clicked()),
            &signalMapper, SLOT(map()));
    connect(ui->panelButton_7, SIGNAL(clicked()),
            &signalMapper, SLOT(map()));
    connect(ui->panelButton_8, SIGNAL(clicked()),
            &signalMapper, SLOT(map()));
    connect(ui->panelButton_9, SIGNAL(clicked()),
            &signalMapper, SLOT(map()));
    connect(ui->panelButton_star, SIGNAL(clicked()),
            &signalMapper, SLOT(map()));
    connect(ui->panelButton_hash, SIGNAL(clicked()),
            &signalMapper, SLOT(map()));
    //再与将signalMapper与buttonClicked连接
    //总的说来有以上三个步骤，最后形成多对一的映射
    connect(&signalMapper, SIGNAL(mapped(QWidget*)),
            this, SLOT(buttonClicked(QWidget*)));
}
bool MyInputPanel::event(QEvent *e)
{
    switch (e->type()) {
//! [1]
    case QEvent::WindowActivate:
        if (lastFocusedWidget)//激活最后一次有光标的窗口
            lastFocusedWidget->activateWindow();
        break;
//! [1]
    default:
        break;
    }
    return QWidget::event(e);//其它事件默认，必须要有
}
//! [2]
void MyInputPanel::saveFocusWidget(QWidget * /*oldFocus*/, QWidget *newFocus)
{   //如果非零，且不是输入面板inputpanel对象的子部件指针就保存
    //这里只保存需要输入窗口中的指针
    if (newFocus != 0 && !this->isAncestorOf(newFocus)) {
        lastFocusedWidget = newFocus;
        qDebug() <<"FocusWidget Changed" << endl;//
    }
}
void MyInputPanel::buttonClicked(QWidget *w)
{
    //property函数返回属性为lylbuttonValue的对应值，这里为每个按键对应的ASCII
    //qvariant_cast(T)(value)将输入值value转换为T类型
    QChar chr = qvariant_cast<QChar>(w->property("lylbuttonValue"));
   // chr = '1';
    qDebug() << "chr:" <<chr <<endl;//
    emit characterGenerated(chr);//将按键的ASCII码发送出去
}
//返回主界面焦点处窗口指针
QWidget * MyInputPanel::getFocusedWidget()
{
    return lastFocusedWidget;
}

 
myinputpanelform.ui
软件键盘及动态属性 - 直到永远 - 直到永远的博客
 注意：focusPolicy要选Nofocus，还有其动态属性，一会再说
新建输入上下文类，基类QInputContext

myinputpanelcontext.h
#ifndef MYINPUTPANELCONTEXT_H
#define MYINPUTPANELCONTEXT_H
#include <QInputContext>
//#include "myinputpanel.h"
class MyInputPanel;
class MyInputPanelContext : public QInputContext
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    MyInputPanelContext();
    ~MyInputPanelContext();
    //输入事件过滤
    bool filterEvent(const QEvent* event);
    
    //返回输入方式的识别码
    QString identifierName();
    //返回输入编码方式
    QString language();
    
    //输入是否发送完
    bool isComposing() const;
    void reset();
private slots://发送接收到的字符到有光标焦点的窗口
    void sendCharacter(QChar character);
private://更新软键盘位置
    void updatePosition();
private:
    MyInputPanel *inputPanel;
    
};
#endif // MYINPUTPANELCONTEXT_H
 
myinputpanelcontext.cpp
#include "myinputpanelcontext.h"
#include "myinputpanel.h"
#include <QDebug>
MyInputPanelContext::MyInputPanelContext()
{
    inputPanel = new MyInputPanel;
    connect(inputPanel, SIGNAL(characterGenerated(QChar)), SLOT(sendCharacter(QChar)));
}
//! [0]
MyInputPanelContext::~MyInputPanelContext()
{
    delete inputPanel;
}
//! [1]
bool MyInputPanelContext::filterEvent(const QEvent* event)
{   //点击输入栏时发生，软件盘弹出事件
    if (event->type() == QEvent::RequestSoftwareInputPanel) {
        updatePosition();//更新位置
        inputPanel->show();//显示
        return true;
    } else if (event->type() == QEvent::CloseSoftwareInputPanel) {
        inputPanel->hide();
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}
//! [1]
QString MyInputPanelContext::identifierName()
{
    return "MyInputPanelContext";
}
void MyInputPanelContext::reset()
{
}
bool MyInputPanelContext::isComposing() const
{
    return false;
}
QString MyInputPanelContext::language()
{
    return "en_US";
}
//! [2]
void MyInputPanelContext::sendCharacter(QChar character)
{
   // QPointer<QWidget> w = focusWidget();
    //获取输入窗口指针
     QPointer<QWidget> w = inputPanel->getFocusedWidget();
    if (!w)
        return;
    qDebug() << "kk"<<endl;
    //发送按键值直接到输入窗口
    //QKeyEvent参数：按键类型，编码，修饰符，最后才是发送值
    QKeyEvent keyPress(QEvent::KeyPress, character.unicode(), Qt::NoModifier, QString(character));
    QApplication::sendEvent(w, &keyPress);//w为事件接收者
    if (!w)
        return;//
    //发送释放信号
    QKeyEvent keyRelease(QEvent::KeyPress, character.unicode(), Qt::NoModifier, QString());
    QApplication::sendEvent(w, &keyRelease);
}
//! [2]
//! [3]
void MyInputPanelContext::updatePosition()
{
    QWidget *widget = focusWidget();//返回有光标的窗口部件的指针，这里是两个QLineEdit窗口部件的指针
    if (!widget)
        return;
    QRect widgetRect = widget->rect();//返回窗口部件的矩形对象
    QPoint panelPos = QPoint(widgetRect.left()+10, widgetRect.bottom() + 12);//以输入光标点处的x,y坐标，来确定输入面板的放置位置信息
    panelPos = widget->mapToGlobal(panelPos);
    inputPanel->move(panelPos);//移到设置点处
}
 
最后，main.cpp
#include <QtGui/QApplication>
#include "widget.h"
#include "myinputpanelcontext.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication a(argc, argv);
    MyInputPanelContext *ic = new MyInputPanelContext;
    a.setInputContext(ic);//将输入上下文与应用程序关联
    Widget w;
    w.show();
    
    return a.exec();
}
 
编译，运行，但是，还是不能输入，这里就有一点了，那就是按键动态属性的问题了。也就是说，我们需要自己设定按键对应的ASCII码值，于是在ui_myinputpanelform.h修改如下：
 /********************************************************************************
** Form generated from reading UI file 'myinputpanelform.ui'
**
** Created: Tue Aug 28 09:56:41 2012
**      by: Qt User Interface Compiler version 4.7.0
**
** WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost when recompiling UI file!
********************************************************************************/
#ifndef UI_MYINPUTPANELFORM_H
#define UI_MYINPUTPANELFORM_H
#include <QtCore/QVariant>
#include <QtGui/QAction>
#include <QtGui/QApplication>
#include <QtGui/QButtonGroup>
#include <QtGui/QGridLayout>
#include <QtGui/QHBoxLayout>
#include <QtGui/QHeaderView>
#include <QtGui/QPushButton>
#include <QtGui/QSpacerItem>
#include <QtGui/QVBoxLayout>
#include <QtGui/QWidget>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
class Ui_MyInputPanel
{
public:
    QWidget *widget;
    QVBoxLayout *verticalLayout;
    QGridLayout *gridLayout;
    QPushButton *panelButton_1;
    QPushButton *panelButton_2;
    QPushButton *panelButton_3;
    QPushButton *panelButton_4;
    QPushButton *panelButton_5;
    QPushButton *panelButton_6;
    QPushButton *panelButton_7;
    QPushButton *panelButton_8;
    QPushButton *panelButton_9;
    QPushButton *panelButton_star;
    QPushButton *panelButton_0;
    QPushButton *panelButton_hash;
    QHBoxLayout *horizontalLayout;
    QSpacerItem *horizontalSpacer;
    QPushButton *closeBtn;
    void setupUi(QWidget *MyInputPanel)
    {
        if (MyInputPanel->objectName().isEmpty())
            MyInputPanel->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("MyInputPanel"));
        MyInputPanel->resize(225, 255);
        widget = new QWidget(MyInputPanel);
        widget->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("widget"));
        widget->setGeometry(QRect(10, 10, 201, 231));
        verticalLayout = new QVBoxLayout(widget);
        verticalLayout->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("verticalLayout"));
        verticalLayout->setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0);
        gridLayout = new QGridLayout();
        gridLayout->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("gridLayout"));
        panelButton_1 = new QPushButton(widget);
        panelButton_1->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("panelButton_1"));
        QSizePolicy sizePolicy(QSizePolicy::Minimum, QSizePolicy::Minimum);
        sizePolicy.setHorizontalStretch(0);
        sizePolicy.setVerticalStretch(0);
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(panelButton_1->sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth());
        panelButton_1->setSizePolicy(sizePolicy);
        panelButton_1->setMinimumSize(QSize(45, 40));
        panelButton_1->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
 //加入动态属性
        panelButton_1->setProperty("lylbuttonValue",QVariant(QChar('0' + 1)));
        gridLayout->addWidget(panelButton_1, 0, 0, 1, 1);
        panelButton_2 = new QPushButton(widget);
        panelButton_2->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("panelButton_2"));
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(panelButton_2->sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth());
        panelButton_2->setSizePolicy(sizePolicy);
        panelButton_2->setMinimumSize(QSize(45, 40));
        panelButton_2->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
        panelButton_2->setProperty("lylbuttonValue",QVariant(QChar('0' + 2)));
        gridLayout->addWidget(panelButton_2, 0, 1, 1, 1);
        panelButton_3 = new QPushButton(widget);
        panelButton_3->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("panelButton_3"));
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(panelButton_3->sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth());
        panelButton_3->setSizePolicy(sizePolicy);
        panelButton_3->setMinimumSize(QSize(45, 40));
        panelButton_3->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
        panelButton_3->setProperty("lylbuttonValue",QVariant(QChar('0' + 3)));
        gridLayout->addWidget(panelButton_3, 0, 2, 1, 1);
        panelButton_4 = new QPushButton(widget);
        panelButton_4->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("panelButton_4"));
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(panelButton_4->sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth());
        panelButton_4->setSizePolicy(sizePolicy);
        panelButton_4->setMinimumSize(QSize(45, 40));
        panelButton_4->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
        panelButton_4->setProperty("lylbuttonValue",QVariant(QChar('0' + 4)));
        gridLayout->addWidget(panelButton_4, 1, 0, 1, 1);
        panelButton_5 = new QPushButton(widget);
        panelButton_5->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("panelButton_5"));
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(panelButton_5->sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth());
        panelButton_5->setSizePolicy(sizePolicy);
        panelButton_5->setMinimumSize(QSize(45, 40));
        panelButton_5->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
        panelButton_5->setProperty("lylbuttonValue",QVariant(QChar('0' + 5)));
        gridLayout->addWidget(panelButton_5, 1, 1, 1, 1);
        panelButton_6 = new QPushButton(widget);
        panelButton_6->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("panelButton_6"));
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(panelButton_6->sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth());
        panelButton_6->setSizePolicy(sizePolicy);
        panelButton_6->setMinimumSize(QSize(45, 40));
        panelButton_6->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
        panelButton_6->setProperty("lylbuttonValue",QVariant(QChar('0' + 6)));
        gridLayout->addWidget(panelButton_6, 1, 2, 1, 1);
        panelButton_7 = new QPushButton(widget);
        panelButton_7->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("panelButton_7"));
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(panelButton_7->sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth());
        panelButton_7->setSizePolicy(sizePolicy);
        panelButton_7->setMinimumSize(QSize(45, 40));
        panelButton_7->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
        panelButton_7->setProperty("lylbuttonValue",QVariant(QChar('0' + 7)));
        gridLayout->addWidget(panelButton_7, 2, 0, 1, 1);
        panelButton_8 = new QPushButton(widget);
        panelButton_8->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("panelButton_8"));
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(panelButton_8->sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth());
        panelButton_8->setSizePolicy(sizePolicy);
        panelButton_8->setMinimumSize(QSize(45, 40));
        panelButton_8->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
        panelButton_8->setProperty("lylbuttonValue",QVariant(QChar('0' + 8)));
        gridLayout->addWidget(panelButton_8, 2, 1, 1, 1);
        panelButton_9 = new QPushButton(widget);
        panelButton_9->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("panelButton_9"));
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(panelButton_9->sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth());
        panelButton_9->setSizePolicy(sizePolicy);
        panelButton_9->setMinimumSize(QSize(45, 40));
        panelButton_9->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
        panelButton_9->setProperty("lylbuttonValue",QVariant(QChar('0' + 9)));
        gridLayout->addWidget(panelButton_9, 2, 2, 1, 1);
        panelButton_star = new QPushButton(widget);
        panelButton_star->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("panelButton_star"));
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(panelButton_star->sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth());
        panelButton_star->setSizePolicy(sizePolicy);
        panelButton_star->setMinimumSize(QSize(45, 40));
        panelButton_star->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
        panelButton_star->setProperty("lylbuttonValue",QVariant(QChar(42)));
        gridLayout->addWidget(panelButton_star, 3, 0, 1, 1);
        panelButton_0 = new QPushButton(widget);
        panelButton_0->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("panelButton_0"));
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(panelButton_0->sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth());
        panelButton_0->setSizePolicy(sizePolicy);
        panelButton_0->setMinimumSize(QSize(45, 40));
        panelButton_0->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
        panelButton_0->setProperty("lylbuttonValue",QVariant(QChar('0' + 0)));
        gridLayout->addWidget(panelButton_0, 3, 1, 1, 1);
        panelButton_hash = new QPushButton(widget);
        panelButton_hash->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("panelButton_hash"));
        sizePolicy.setHeightForWidth(panelButton_hash->sizePolicy().hasHeightForWidth());
        panelButton_hash->setSizePolicy(sizePolicy);
        panelButton_hash->setMinimumSize(QSize(45, 40));
        panelButton_hash->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
        panelButton_hash->setProperty("lylbuttonValue",QVariant(QChar(35)));
        gridLayout->addWidget(panelButton_hash, 3, 2, 1, 1);

        verticalLayout->addLayout(gridLayout);
        horizontalLayout = new QHBoxLayout();
        horizontalLayout->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("horizontalLayout"));
        horizontalSpacer = new QSpacerItem(40, 20, QSizePolicy::Expanding, QSizePolicy::Minimum);
        horizontalLayout->addItem(horizontalSpacer);
        closeBtn = new QPushButton(widget);
        closeBtn->setObjectName(QString::fromUtf8("closeBtn"));
        closeBtn->setFocusPolicy(Qt::NoFocus);
        horizontalLayout->addWidget(closeBtn);

        verticalLayout->addLayout(horizontalLayout);

        retranslateUi(MyInputPanel);
        QObject::connect(closeBtn, SIGNAL(clicked()), MyInputPanel, SLOT(hide()));
        QMetaObject::connectSlotsByName(MyInputPanel);
    } // setupUi
    void retranslateUi(QWidget *MyInputPanel)
    {
        MyInputPanel->setWindowTitle(QApplication::translate("MyInputPanel", "Soft_keyboard", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
        panelButton_1->setText(QApplication::translate("MyInputPanel", "1", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
        panelButton_2->setText(QApplication::translate("MyInputPanel", "2", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
        panelButton_3->setText(QApplication::translate("MyInputPanel", "3", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
        panelButton_4->setText(QApplication::translate("MyInputPanel", "4", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
        panelButton_5->setText(QApplication::translate("MyInputPanel", "5", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
        panelButton_6->setText(QApplication::translate("MyInputPanel", "6", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
        panelButton_7->setText(QApplication::translate("MyInputPanel", "7", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
        panelButton_8->setText(QApplication::translate("MyInputPanel", "8", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
        panelButton_9->setText(QApplication::translate("MyInputPanel", "9", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
        panelButton_star->setText(QApplication::translate("MyInputPanel", "\357\274\212", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
        panelButton_0->setText(QApplication::translate("MyInputPanel", "0", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
        panelButton_hash->setText(QApplication::translate("MyInputPanel", "\357\274\203", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
        closeBtn->setText(QApplication::translate("MyInputPanel", "close", 0, QApplication::UnicodeUTF8));
    } // retranslateUi
};
namespace Ui {
    class MyInputPanel: public Ui_MyInputPanel {};
} // namespace Ui
QT_END_NAMESPACE
#endif // UI_MYINPUTPANELFORM_H

总的，工程结构如下：
       
       

        
        软件键盘及动态属性 - 直到永远 - 直到永远的博客
       
       
 






注意：软件键上面的按钮一定不能有焦点(NoFocus)，这样，可以维持焦点在需要被输入的窗口上面

 

另外，很重要的一点！

这里QInputContext为抽象基类，为什么这样说呢？因为它含有纯虚函数(我们知道虚函数，意思说可以在派生类中重新定义扩展的函数，而纯虚函数，则只具函数名，没有函数体，不能被调用，只是在哪占了个位置，留着给派生类来继承定义的)都是抽象类，而这里QInputContext类刚好有void QInputContext::reset () [pure virtual]纯虚函数，抽象类不能被实例化，即不能用来定义对象！主要原因是里面的纯虚函数不能被调用！

所以这里MyInputPanelContext里面必须重新定义其基类的一定虚函数，特别是reset函数，不然这个类将不能被使用。

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