搭建GCM项目——服务端和客户端（二）

现在先来完成GCM的客户端，首先创建android项目，名字就是之前在Google Console中注册的那个 DemoProject

创建完成之后，用Android SDK Manager确认你的SDK中已经下载了extras中的Google Cloud Messaging for Android Library已经安装，如果没有，请下载

之后在项目中导入gcm.jar，位置在：..\adt-bundle-windows-x86_64-20131030\sdk\extras\google\gcm\gcm-client\dist

现在开始可以着手写Service了

（1） 在Manifest文件夹定义的package中创建GCMIntentService (一定要是这个名字！！)，详细代码如下

package com.example.pushproject;

import com.google.android.gcm.GCMBaseIntentService;

import android.R.anim;
import android.app.Notification;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class GCMIntentService  extends GCMBaseIntentService {
	public static final String SENDERID="";
	public GCMIntentService() {
		super(SENDERID);
	}

	@Override
	protected void onError(Context arg0, String arg1) {
        Log.v("GCMIntentService", "onError");  
	}

	@Override
	protected void onMessage(Context arg0, Intent arg1) {
        String titleString=arg1.getStringExtra("title");
        String contentString=arg1.getStringExtra("content");
        showNotification(titleString,contentString);
	}
	@Override
	protected void onRegistered(Context arg0, String arg1) {
        Log.v("GCMIntentService", "onRegistered success ");
	}

	@Override
	protected void onUnregistered(Context arg0, String arg1) {
        Log.v("GCMIntentService", "onUnregistered");  
	}
	public void showNotification(String title,String content){
		NotificationManager manager=(NotificationManager)this.getSystemService(android.content.Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
		Notification notification=new Notification(R.drawable.ic_launcher,title,System.currentTimeMillis());
	    notification.flags |= Notification.FLAG_ONGOING_EVENT; // 将此通知放到通知栏的"Ongoing"即"正在运行"组中   
	    notification.flags |= Notification.FLAG_SHOW_LIGHTS;  
	    notification.defaults = Notification.DEFAULT_LIGHTS;
	    notification.ledARGB = Color.BLUE;  
	    notification.ledOnMS =5000; //闪光时间，毫秒
	          
     // 设置通知的事件消息  
        CharSequence contentTitle =title; // 通知栏标题  
	    CharSequence contentText =content; // 通知栏内容  
	    Intent notificationIntent =new Intent(); // 点击该通知后要跳转的Activity  
	    PendingIntent contentItent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, notificationIntent, 0);  
        notification.setLatestEventInfo(this, contentTitle, contentText, contentItent);  
         
   // 把Notification传递给NotificationManager  
       manager.notify(0, notification);   
		
	}
}

其中SENDERID就是之前在GOOGLE console中申请的Project Number， 按照我们之前的例子，它应该是1023569414169

(2) 修改MainActivity

在MainActivity中，我们将注册好的Registration ID发送到服务器端存储起来，注意不要在主线程中使用HttpClient发送消息，应该写一个新的AsyncTask发送

另外，registration ID的注册可能存在一点点延迟现象，所以在这里使用定时器，确认返回ID后再发送，代码如下：

package com.example.pushproject;

import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.TimerTask;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

import android.R.integer;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import com.google.android.gcm.GCMRegistrar;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	private String regIdString;
	private Button unButton;
	public static String accessUrl="http://请使用详细地址，使用127.0.0.1是发送不出去的:8080";
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		// Register
		GCMRegistrar.checkDevice(this);
		GCMRegistrar.checkManifest(this);
		regIdString = GCMRegistrar.getRegistrationId(this);
		if (regIdString.equals("")) {
			GCMRegistrar.register(this, GCMIntentService.SENDERID);
			// when register device to GCM, it got time delay. So we use Timer send registerID to our app server
			Timer timer=new Timer();
			timer.schedule(new GetRegistrationID(), 5000);
		}	
		// Test button, if click, you can remove registered and device can not
		// get notification any more
		unButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.unreg);
		unButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
			@Override
			public void onClick(View v) {
				GCMRegistrar.unregister(getBaseContext());
			}
		});
	}

	@Override
	public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
		getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
		return true;
	}

	class UpdateRegistrationDTask extends AsyncTask {
		@Override
		protected Object doInBackground(Object... arg0) {
			regIdString=arg0[0].toString();
			String urlString = accessUrl+"/DemoProject/GetDeviceId.do"
					+ "?deviceId=" + regIdString;
			HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(urlString);
			HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
			try {
				HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);
				
			} catch (Exception e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			return null;
		}
	}		
	class GetRegistrationID extends TimerTask{
		@Override
		public void run() {
			String testString=GCMRegistrar.getRegistrationId(getApplicationContext());
			new UpdateRegistrationDTask().execute(testString);
		}
		
	}
}

（3）修改Manifest.xml文件，添加许可，我的XML文件如下，仅供大家参考

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.demoprojecgt"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

    <uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="18" />
    <permission  
        android:name="com.example.demoproject.permission.C2D_MESSAGE"  
        android:protectionLevel="signature"/>  
    <uses-permission  android:name="com.example.demoproject.permission.C2D_MESSAGE"/>  
    <uses-permission  android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.RECEIVE"/>  
    <uses-permission  android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>  
    <uses-permission  android:name="android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS"/>  
    <uses-permission  android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK"/>  
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity
            android:name="com.example.pushproject.MainActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
        <receiver  
            android:name="com.google.android.gcm.GCMBroadcastReceiver"  
            android:permission="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.SEND">  
            <intent-filter>  
                <action  
                    android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE"/>  
                <action  
                    android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.REGISTRATION"/>  
                <category  
                    android:name="com.example.demoproject"/>  
            </intent-filter>  
        </receiver>  
        <service
            android:name=".GCMIntentService">
        </service>
    </application>

</manifest>

下面是一些permission的说明

1. com.google.android.c2dm.permission.RECEIVE 使得Android app可以向GCM注册，且获得信息

2. android.permission.INTERNET 使得Android app可以向第三方服务器发送registration ID

3. android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS 当Android系统低于4.0.4的时候，使得GCM获得用户的Google账户

4. android.permission.WAKE_LOCK 这是可选项，如果你希望你的app在sleeping状态下也能接收信息的话，请添加该permission

5. applicationPackage + ".permission.C2D_MESSAGE"   该permission防止别的app注册并获得推送消息。该permission必须严格遵守该规范，否则你的app将不会接收任何推送消息

6.       定义了com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE 的receiver。 该receiver同时要定义com.google.android.c2dm.SEND 许可，这样就只有GCM框架可以给他发送消息。如果你的app使用IntentService，那么这个receiver必须是WakefulBroadcastReceiver的实例。

7. 最后确定你的app最低版本在8以上，如果想要使用GCM服务的话

注意，在permission和第一个uses-permission中，将其中的包名改为你们自己的，同时需要修改的还有receiver中的category

至此，Client部分结束