转自:
http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-10/107911.htm
https://www.oschina.net/translate/getting-started-with-rabbitmq-in-java
一,Mac下RabbitMQ搭建和管理
1、安装
在Mac下安装RabbitMQ是非常简单的,一般默认RabbitMQ服务器依赖的Erlang已经安装,只需要用下面两个命令就可以完成RabbitMQ的安装(前提是homebrew已经被安装):
brew update
brew install rabbitmq
安装完成后需要将/usr/local/sbin添加到$PATH,可以将下面这两行加到~/.bash_profile或者~/.profile:
# RabbitMQ Config
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/sbin
在Windows下安装稍微麻烦些,需要先安装ErLang,然后下载RabbitMQ可执行文件安装
2、启动RabbitMQ服务
上面配置完成后,需要关闭终端窗口,重新打开,然后输入下面命令即可启动RabbitMQ服务:
rabbitmq-server
可以在后面加-detatched选项参数表示以守护进程方式启动
3、Web界面管理RabbitMQ
默认可以通过http://serverip:15672访问RabbitMQ的Web管理界面,默认用户名密码都是guest。(注意:RabbitMQ 3.0之前的版本默认端口是55672,下同)
4、RabbitMQ提供的HTTP API接口
RabbitMQ还提供了HTTP API接口,这样可以通过编程方式监控RabbitMQ的运行状态,HTTP API接口的地址为:http://serverip:15672/api/
二,rabbitmq例子
RabbitMQ是一个受欢迎的消息代理,通常用于应用程序之间或者程序的不同组件之间通过消息来进行集成。本文简单介绍了如何使用 RabbitMQ,假定你已经配置好了rabbitmq服务器。
RabbitMQ是用Erlang,对于主要的编程语言都有驱动或者客户端。我们这里要用的是Java,所以先要获得Java客户端。。下面是Java客户端的maven依赖的配置。
<dependency>
<groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
<artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
<version>3.0.4</version>
</dependency>
抽象类EndPoint:
我们首先写一个类,将产生产者和消费者统一为 EndPoint类型的队列。不管是生产者还是消费者, 连接队列的代码都是一样的,这样可以通用一些。
package co.syntx.examples.rabbitmq;
import java.io.IOException;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
/**
* Represents a connection with a queue
* @author syntx
*
*/
public abstract class EndPoint{
protected Channel channel;
protected Connection connection;
protected String endPointName;
public EndPoint(String endpointName) throws IOException{
this.endPointName = endpointName;
//Create a connection factory
ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
//hostname of your rabbitmq server
factory.setHost("localhost");
//getting a connection
connection = factory.newConnection();
//creating a channel
channel = connection.createChannel();
//declaring a queue for this channel. If queue does not exist,
//it will be created on the server.
channel.queueDeclare(endpointName, false, false, false, null);
}
/**
* 关闭channel和connection。并非必须,因为隐含是自动调用的。
* @throws IOException
*/
public void close() throws IOException{
this.channel.close();
this.connection.close();
}
}
生产者:
生产者类的任务是向队列里写一条消息。我们使用Apache Commons Lang把可序列化的Java对象转换成 byte 数组。commons lang的maven依赖如下:
<dependency> <groupId>commons-lang</groupId> <artifactId>commons-lang</artifactId> <version>2.6</version> </dependency>
package co.syntx.examples.rabbitmq;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Serializable;
import org.apache.commons.lang.SerializationUtils;
/**
* The producer endpoint that writes to the queue.
* @author syntx
*
*/
public class Producer extends EndPoint{
public Producer(String endPointName) throws IOException{
super(endPointName);
}
public void sendMessage(Serializable object) throws IOException {
channel.basicPublish("",endPointName, null, SerializationUtils.serialize(object));
}
}
消费者:
消费者可以以线程方式运行,对于不同的事件有不同的回调函数,其中最主要的是处理新消息到来的事件。
package co.syntx.examples.rabbitmq;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.commons.lang.SerializationUtils;
import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.BasicProperties;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Consumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ShutdownSignalException;
/**
* 读取队列的程序端,实现了Runnable接口。
* @author syntx
*
*/
public class QueueConsumer extends EndPoint implements Runnable, Consumer{
public QueueConsumer(String endPointName) throws IOException{
super(endPointName);
}
public void run() {
try {
//start consuming messages. Auto acknowledge messages.
channel.basicConsume(endPointName, true,this);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* Called when consumer is registered.
*/
public void handleConsumeOk(String consumerTag) {
System.out.println("Consumer "+consumerTag +" registered");
}
/**
* Called when new message is available.
*/
public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope env,
BasicProperties props, byte[] body) throws IOException {
Map map = (HashMap)SerializationUtils.deserialize(body);
System.out.println("Message Number "+ map.get("message number") + " received.");
}
public void handleCancel(String consumerTag) {}
public void handleCancelOk(String consumerTag) {}
public void handleRecoverOk(String consumerTag) {}
public void handleShutdownSignal(String consumerTag, ShutdownSignalException arg1) {}
}
Putting it together:
在下面的测试类中,先运行一个消费者线程,然后开始产生大量的消息,这些消息会被消费者取走。
package co.syntx.examples.rabbitmq;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.HashMap;
public class Main {
public Main() throws Exception{
QueueConsumer consumer = new QueueConsumer("queue");
Thread consumerThread = new Thread(consumer);
consumerThread.start();
Producer producer = new Producer("queue");
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
HashMap message = new HashMap();
message.put("message number", i);
producer.sendMessage(message);
System.out.println("Message Number "+ i +" sent.");
}
}
/**
* @param args
* @throws SQLException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
new Main();
}
}