注释：蓝色代表后面有解释，红色代表看到的位置
Part II Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions:In this section,you will hear 8 shortconversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A), B), C),and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Now let's begin with the 8 short conversations.
direction：n. 说明pause：暂停corresponding:v. 类似（correspond的ing形式）；相配 adj. 相当的，相应的；一致的；通信的
1. W: Did you use credit cards on your vacation last month in Europe?
M: Sure did.They certainly beat going around with a wallet full of big bills.But carrying lots of cash is still very common among some older people traveling abroad.
Q: What does the man say about some elderly people?
2. W: Rod must be in a bad mood today.What’s wrong with him?
M: He was passed over in the selection process for the dean of the Administration’s Office.He’d been hoping for the position for a long time.
Q: What does the man mean?
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dean：n. 院长；系主任；教务长；主持牧师
3. M: What a great singer Justin is.His concert is just awesome and you’ll never regret the money you paid for the ticket.
W: Yeah, judging by the amount of applause everyone was enjoying it.
Q: What does the woman mean?awesome：adj. 极好的 applause：n. 欢呼，喝采；鼓掌欢迎
4. W: I received an email yesterday from Henry.Do you remember he was one of the chairpersons of our Students’ Union?
M: Yes, but I haven’t heard from him for ages.Actually, I have been out of touch with him since our first reunion after graduation.
Q: What do we learn about the speakers?reunion ：n. 重聚
5. M: Driving at night always makes me tired.Let’s stop for the dinner.
W: Fine, and let’s find a motel so that we can get an early start tomorrow.
Q: What will the speakers probably do?motel：n. 汽车旅馆
6. W: Let’s look at the survey on consumer confidence we conducted last week.How reliable are these figures?
M: They have a five percent margin of error.
Q: What are the speakers talking about?margin ：n.利润
7. W: Look at this catalog John.I think I want to get this redblouse.
M: Eh. I think you've already had one like this in blue.Do you need every color in therainbow?
Q: What does the man mean?
8. W: This notice says that all the introductory marketing classes are closed.
M: That can’t be true.There are supposed to be thirteen of them this semester.
Q: What does the man mean? -
introductory：adj. 引导的，介绍的；开端的 marketing：n. 行销，销售semester.：n. 半年；
Now you'll hear the two long conversations.
Conversation One
M: I see your new resume that you worked as a manager of store called Computer Country,could you tell me a little more about your responsibilities there?
W: Sure. I was responsible for overseeing about 30 employees.I did all of the orderings for the store and I kept track of the inventory.
M: What was the most difficult part of your job?
W: Probably handling angry customers. We didn’t have them very often, but when we did, l need to make sure they were well taken good care of.
After all, the customer is always right.
M: That’s how we feel here, too.How long did you work there?
W: I was there for three and a half years.I left the company last month.
M: And why did you leave?
W: My husband has been transferred to Bostonand I understand that your company has an opening there, too.
M: Yes, that’s right. We do.But the position won’t start until early next month.Would that be a problem for you?
W: No, not at all.My husband’s new job doesn’t begin for a few weeks, so we thought we would spend some time driving to Boston and stop to see my parents.
M: That sounds nice.So, tell me, why are you interested in this particularposition?
W: I know that your company has a great reputation and wonderful product. I’ve thought many times that I would like to be a part of it. When I heard about the opening in Boston,I jumped to the opportunity.
M: Well, I’m glad you did. -
resume：n. [管理] 履历 overseeing：监督 orderings：n.订单 track：n.追踪 inventory：n. 存货，存货清单；详细目录；财产清册 reputation：n. 名声，名誉；声望
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Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9: What was the woman’s previous job?
10: What does the woman say with the most difficult part of her job?
11: Why is the woman looking for a job in Boston?
12: When can the woman start to work if she gets the job?
Conversation Two
W: Today, in this studio, we have Alberto Cuties,the well-known Brazilian advocator of the anti-global movement.He’s here to talk about therecent report stating that by 2050, Brazil will be one of the world’swealthiest and most successful countries.Alberto, what do you say about this report?
M: You know this isn’t the first time that people are saying Brazil will be a great economic power.The same thing was said over 100 years ago,but it didn’t happen.
W: Yes, but you must admit the world’s a very different place now.
M: Of course. In fact,I believe that there may be some truths in the predictions this time around. First of all, though,we must remember the problems facing Brazil at the moment.
W: Such as?
M: There’s an enormous gap between the rich and the poor in this country.In San Paulo, you can see shopping malls full of designer good right next door to theslum areas without proper water or electricity supplies.A lot of work needs to be done to help people in those areas improve their lives.
W: What needs to be done?
M: Education, for example. For Brazil,to be successful,we need to offer education to all Brazilians.Successful countries, like South Korea and Singapore have excellent education systems.Brazil needs to learn from these countries.
W: So you’re hopeful for the future?
M: As I said earlier, I’m hopeful.This isn’t an easy job.We need to make sure that these important opportunities for Brazil aren’t wasted as they were in the past.advocator：n:提倡者，拥护者 previous ：adj. 以前的；早先的；过早的 adv. 在先；在…以前 studio：n. 工作室；[广播][电视] 演播室；画室；电影制片厂slum: n. 贫民窟 proper:adj. 适当的；
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
13: What does the recent report say about Brazil?
14: What problem does Alberto say Brazil faces now?
15: What does Alberto say about economically successful countries?
Section B
Directions:In this section,you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Passage OneWilma Subra had no intentionof becoming a public speaker.After graduating from college with degrees in chemistry and
microbiology,she went to work at Gulf South Research Institute in Louisiana.As part of her job,she conducted field researchon toxic substances in the environment—often in minority communities located near large industrial polluters.She found many families were beingexposed to high,sometimes deadly levels of chemicals and other toxic substances.But she was not allowed to make information public.Frustrated by the restrictions,Subra left her job in 1981, created her own company,and has devoted the past two decades to helping people fight back againstgiant industrial polluters.She works with families andcommunity groups to conduct environmental tests,interpret test results,and organize for change. Because of her efforts,dozens of toxic sites across the country have been cleaned up.And one chemical industry spokes person calls her a top gun for the environmental movement.How has Subra achieved all this?Partly through her scientific training,partly through her commitment to environmental justice.But just as important is her ability to communicate with people through public speaking."Public speaking," she says,"is the primaryvehicle I use for reaching people. ''If you had asked Subra before 1981:Do you see yourself as a major public speaker?She would have laughed at the idea.Yet today, she gives more than 100presentations a year.Along the way she’s lectured at Harvard,testified before the Congressand addressed the audiences in 40 states,as well as in Mexico, Canada and Japan.
intention ：n. 意图；目的； chemistry and microbiology：化学和微生物学 conduct：v. 管理；引导；指挥 researchon：创业企业价值及投资风险评估的方法的研究法she conducted field researchon toxic substances in the environment：她进行了野外环境中的有毒物质的探讨 minority communities：少数民族社区 expose：v. 暴露，揭露 adj. 暴露的，无掩蔽的 Frustrated by the restrictions：受到限制 giant industrial polluters：巨型工业污染者 community ：n. 社区；团体 interpret：vi. 解释；翻译 vt. 说明；口译 scientific：adj. 科学的，系统的 commitment：恪守承诺vehicle：n. 传播方式 presentation：n. 展示；
Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16: What did Wilma Subra do as part of her job while working at Gulf South Research Institute?
17: Why did Wilma Subra leave her job in 1981?
18: What results have Wilma Subra’s efforts had in the past two decades?
19: What does the speaker say has contributed to Wilma Subra’s success?
Passage Two
One of the biggest challenges facing employers and educators today is the rapid advance of globalization.The market place is no longernational or regional,but extends to all corners of the world,and this requires a global-ready workforce.Universities have a large part to play in preparing studentsfor the twenty-first century labor market by promoting international educational experiences.The most obvious way universities can help develop a global workforce is by encouraging students to study abroad as part of their course.Students who have experienced another culture first-hand are more likely to be global-ready when they graduate.Global workforce development doesn’t always have to involve travel abroad, however.If students learn another language, and study other cultures,they will be more global-ready when they graduate.It is important to point out that students also need to have a deep understanding of their own culture before they can begin to observe,analyze andevaluate other cultures.ln multicultural societies,people can study each other’s cultures to develop interculturalcompetencies such as critical and reflective thinking, and intellectual flexibility.This can be done both through thecurriculum,and through activities on campus outside of the classroom such asart exhibitions and lectures from international experts.Many universities are already embracing this challenge and providing opportunities for students to become global citizens.Students themselves, however, may not realize that when they graduate they will be competing in a global labor market. And universities need to raise awareness of these issues among student undergraduates.rapid： adj. 迅速的，飞快的 national or regional：国家或地区 global-ready：全球准备 globalization：n. 全球化 evaluate： vi. 评价 competency：n. 能力；胜任特征；职业能力素质 critical and reflective thinking, and intellectual flexibility.：批评和反思,和知识的灵活性。 Curriculum：n. 课程 art exhibitions and lectures from international experts 艺术展览和来自国际专家的讲座 compete ：v. 竞赛
Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.
20: What is one of the biggest challenges facing employers and educators today?
21: What should students do first before they can really understand other cultures?
22: What should college students realize according to the speaker?
Passage Three
To see if hair color affects a person’s chances of getting a job, researchers at California State University asked 136 college students to review theresume and photograph of a female applicant for a job as anaccountant.Each student was given the same resume.But the applicant’s picture was altered,so that in some photos her hair was golden,in some red and in some brown. The result?With brown hair,the woman was rated more capable,and she was offered a higher salary than when she had golden or red hair.Other studies have found similar results.Many respondents rate women with golden hair as less intelligence than other people,and red heads as more temperamental.Women with red or golden hair are victims of the common practice ofstereotyping.A stereotype is a simplistic or exaggerated image that humans carry in their minds about groups of people.For example, "lawyers are shrewd and dishonest"is a popular stereotype.Stereotyping can occur in public speaking classes.When trying to choose a speech topic,some males think that women are uninterested in how to repair cars,while some females think that men are uninterested in creative hobbies, such asknitting and needle point.We should reject stereotypes, because they force all people in a group into the same simple pattern.They fail to account for individual differences,and the wide range of characteristics among members of any group.Some lawyers are dishonest, yes，but many are not.Some women are uninterested in repairing cars, yes,but some are enthusiastic mechanics.resume：n.简历accountant：n. 会计师；会计人员 the woman was rated more capable：女人是额定能力更强 temperamental：adj. 喜怒无常的；性情的；易兴奋的 victim：受害者，牺牲者stereotype：n. 刻板印象 v. 使成为陈规 shrewd：精明的 knitting ：n. 针织；编织物；[外科] 骨愈合v. 编织；皱眉（knit的ing形式） needle：n. 针；指针；刺激；针状物 vt. 刺激；用针缝 vi. 缝纫；做针线 knitting and needle point：针织和针点simple pattern：单一相 enthusiastic mechanics：热情的力学
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
23: What did researchers at California State University find?
24: What is the popular stereotype of lawyers?
25: Why does the speaker say we should reject stereotypes?
Section C
Directions:In this section,you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea.
When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time,you should check what you have written.Now listen to the passage.
The ancient Greeks developed basic memory systems called “Numonyx”. The name is derived from their Goddess of memory “Mnemosyne”.In the ancient world,a trained memory was animmense asset,particularly in public life.There were noconvenient devices for taking notes and early Greekoratorsdelivered long speeches with greataccuracy because they learned their speeches using Numonyx systems.The Greeks discovered that human memory is largely an associative process.That works by linking things together.For example, think of an apple.Theinstinctof your brainregisters the word apple.It recalls the shape, color, taste, smell andtexture of that food.All these things are associated in your memory with the word apple.This means that any thought about a certain subject will often bring up more memories that are related to it.An example could be when you think about a lecture you’ve had.This could trigger a memory about what you are talking about through that lecture,which can then trigger another memory.The associations do not have to be logical.They just have to make a good link.
An example given on the website I was looking at follows:“do you remember the shape of Austral,Canada, Belgium or Germany?” Probably not.What about Italy, though?If you remember the shape of Italy,it is because you have been told at sometime that Italy is shaped like a boot.You made an association with something you’ve already known—the shape of a boot.And Italy’s shape could not be forgotten once you’ve made the association.
This is the end of listening comprehension.
immense asset：巨大的资产 convenient devices：方便设备 orator：n. 演说家；演讲者 deliver v. 递送 adj. 业已交货；已递送，已投递 accuracy：n. [数] 精确度，准确性 instinct ：n. 本能，直觉；天性 adj. 充满着的 register：n. 登记；注册；记录；寄存器；登记簿vt. 登记；注册；记录；挂号邮寄；把…挂号；正式提出 vi. 登记；注册；挂号 apple：n. 苹果；家伙 texture：n. 质地；纹理；结构；本质，实质 boot：n. 靴子；踢；汽车行李箱 vt. 引导；踢；解雇；使穿靴
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