初始化SQL语句:
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/*join 建表语句*/
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drop database if exists test;
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create database test;
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use test;
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/* 左表t1*/
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drop table if exists t1;
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create table t1 (id int not null,name varchar(20));
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insert into t1 values (1,'t1a');
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insert into t1 values (2,'t1b');
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insert into t1 values (3,'t1c');
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insert into t1 values (4,'t1d');
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insert into t1 values (5,'t1f');
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/* 右表 t2*/
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drop table if exists t1;
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create table t2 (id int not null,name varchar(20));
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insert into t2 values (2,'t2b');
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insert into t2 values (3,'t2c');
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insert into t2 values (4,'t2d');
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insert into t2 values (5,'t2f');
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insert into t2 values (6,'t2a');
1、笛卡尔积
两表关联,把左表的列和右表的列通过笛卡尔积的形式表达出来。
mysql> select * from t1 join t2;
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类似于cross join table1*table2
a 1
b 2
c 3
a1
a2
a3
b1
b2
b3
c1
c2
c3
2、左连接
两表关联,左表全部保留,右表关联不上用null表示。
mysql> select * from t1 left join t2 on t1.id = t2.id;
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3、右连接
右表全部保留,左表关联不上的用null表示。
mysql> select * from t1 right join t2 on t1.id =t2.id;
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4、内连接
两表关联,保留两表中交集的记录。
mysql> select * from t1 inner join t2 on t1.id = t2.id;
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5、左表独有
两表关联,查询左表独有的数据。
mysql> select * from t1 left join t2 on t1.id = t2.id where t2.id is null;
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6、右表独有
两表关联,查询右表独有的数据。
mysql> select * from t1 right join t2 on t1.id = t2.id where t1.id is null;
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7、全连接
两表关联,查询它们的所有记录。
oracle里面有full join,但是在mysql中没有full join。我们可以使用union来达到目的。
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mysql> select * from t1 left join t2 on t1.id = t2.id
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-> union
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-> select * from t1 right join t2 on t1.id = t2.id;
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8、并集去交集
两表关联,取并集然后去交集。
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mysql> select * from t1 left join t2 on t1.id = t2.id where t2.id is null
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-> union
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-> select * from t1 right join t2 on t1.id = t2.id where t1.id is null;
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