2020-12-12

Kubernetes 部署 Kubernetes-Dashboard v2.1.0

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目录[-]

. 一、简介
. 二、兼容性
. 三、部署 Kubernetes Dashboard
. 1、Dashboard RBAC
. 2、创建 ConfigMap、Secret
. 3、kubernetes-dashboard
. 4、创建 kubernetes-metrics-scraper
. 5、创建访问的 ServiceAccount
. 四、登录新版本 Dashboard 查看
. 五、部署 Metrics Server 为 Dashboard 提供指标数据
参考地址：

部署文件 Github 地址：https://github.com/my-dlq/blog-example/tree/master/kubernetes/kubernetes-dashboard2.1.0-deploy
系统环境：

Kubernetes 版本：1.20.3
kubernetes-dashboard 版本：v2.1.0
一、简介
Kubernetes Dashboard 是 Kubernetes 集群的基于 Web 的通用 UI。它允许用户管理在群集中运行的应用程序并对其进行故障排除，以及管理群集本身。这个项目在 Github 已经有半年多不更新了，最近推出了 v2.0.0 版本，这里在 Kubernetes 中部署一下，尝试看看新版本咋样。

二、兼容性
Kubernetes版本 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18
兼容性 ？ ？ ？ ？ ? ✓
✕ 不支持的版本范围。
✓ 完全支持的版本范围。
? 由于Kubernetes API版本之间的重大更改，某些功能可能无法在仪表板中正常运行。
三、部署 Kubernetes Dashboard
注意：如果“kube-system”命名空间已经存在 Kubernetes-Dashboard 相关资源，请换成别的 Namespace。

完整部署文件 Github 地址：https://github.com/my-dlq/blog-example/tree/master/kubernetes/kubernetes-dashboard2.0.0-deploy

1、Dashboard RBAC
创建 Dashboard RBAC 部署文件
k8s-dashboard-rbac.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: Role
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
rules:

• apiGroups: [""]
  resources: [“secrets”]
  resourceNames: [“kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder”, “kubernetes-dashboard-certs”, “kubernetes-dashboard-csrf”]
  verbs: [“get”, “update”, “delete”]
• apiGroups: [""]
  resources: [“configmaps”]
  resourceNames: [“kubernetes-dashboard-settings”]
  verbs: [“get”, “update”]
• apiGroups: [""]
  resources: [“services”]
  resourceNames: [“heapster”, “dashboard-metrics-scraper”]
  verbs: [“proxy”]
• apiGroups: [""]
  resources: [“services/proxy”]
  resourceNames: [“heapster”, “http:heapster:”, “https:heapster:”, “dashboard-metrics-scraper”, “http:dashboard-metrics-scraper”]
  verbs: [“get”]

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:

• apiGroups: [“metrics.k8s.io”]
  resources: [“pods”, “nodes”]
  verbs: [“get”, “list”, “watch”]

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: Role
name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:

• kind: ServiceAccount
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:

• kind: ServiceAccount
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
  部署 Dashboard RBAC
  $ kubectl apply -f k8s-dashboard-rbac.yaml
  2、创建 ConfigMap、Secret
  创建 Dashboard Config & Secret 部署文件
  k8s-dashboard-configmap-secret.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
namespace: kube-system
type: Opaque

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-csrf
namespace: kube-system
type: Opaque
data:
csrf: “”

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder
namespace: kube-system
type: Opaque

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings
namespace: kube-system
部署 Dashboard Config & Secret
$ kubectl apply -f k8s-dashboard-configmap-secret.yaml
3、kubernetes-dashboard
创建 Dashboard Deploy 部署文件
k8s-dashboard-deploy.yaml

Dashboard Service

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- port: 443
nodePort: 30001
targetPort: 8443
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

Dashboard Deployment

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kube-system
spec:
replicas: 1
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
containers:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.0.3
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
runAsUser: 1001
runAsGroup: 2001
ports:
- containerPort: 8443
protocol: TCP
args:
- --auto-generate-certificates
- --namespace=kube-system #设置为当前部署的Namespace
resources:
limits:
cpu: 1000m
memory: 512Mi
requests:
cpu: 1000m
memory: 512Mi
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
scheme: HTTPS
path: /
port: 8443
initialDelaySeconds: 30
timeoutSeconds: 30
volumeMounts:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
mountPath: /certs
- name: tmp-volume
mountPath: /tmp
- name: localtime
readOnly: true
mountPath: /etc/localtime
volumes:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
secret:
secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
- name: tmp-volume
emptyDir: {}
- name: localtime
hostPath:
type: File
path: /etc/localtime
tolerations:
- key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
effect: NoSchedule
部署 Dashboard Deploy
$ kubectl apply -f k8s-dashboard-deploy.yaml
4、创建 kubernetes-metrics-scraper
创建 Dashboard Metrics 部署文件
k8s-dashboard-metrics.yaml

Dashboard Metrics Service

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
namespace: kube-system
spec:
ports:
- port: 8000
targetPort: 8000
selector:
k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper

Dashboard Metrics Deployment

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
namespace: kube-system
spec:
replicas: 1
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
annotations:
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/pod: ‘runtime/default’
spec:
serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
containers:
- name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
image: kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.4
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
runAsUser: 1001
runAsGroup: 2001
ports:
- containerPort: 8000
protocol: TCP
resources:
limits:
cpu: 1000m
memory: 512Mi
requests:
cpu: 1000m
memory: 512Mi
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
scheme: HTTP
path: /
port: 8000
initialDelaySeconds: 30
timeoutSeconds: 30
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /tmp
name: tmp-volume
- name: localtime
readOnly: true
mountPath: /etc/localtime
volumes:
- name: tmp-volume
emptyDir: {}
- name: localtime
hostPath:
type: File
path: /etc/localtime
nodeSelector:
“beta.kubernetes.io/os”: linux
tolerations:
- key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
effect: NoSchedule
部署 Dashboard Metrics
$ kubectl apply -f k8s-dashboard-metrics.yaml
5、创建访问的 ServiceAccount
创建一个绑定 admin 权限的 ServiceAccount，获取其 Token 用于访问看板。

创建 Dashboard ServiceAccount 部署文件
k8s-dashboard-token.yaml

kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: admin
annotations:
rbac.authorization.kubernetes.io/autoupdate: “true”
roleRef:
kind: ClusterRole
name: cluster-admin
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
subjects:

• kind: ServiceAccount
  name: admin
  namespace: kube-system

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: admin
namespace: kube-system
labels:
kubernetes.io/cluster-service: “true”
addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
部署访问的 ServiceAccount
$ kubectl apply -f k8s-dashboard-token.yaml
获取 Token
$ kubectl describe secret/$(kubectl get secret -n kube-system |grep admin|awk ‘{print $1}’) -n kube-system
token：

eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IiJ9.eyJpc3MiOiJrdWJlcm5ldGVzL3NlcnZpY2VhY2NvdW50Iiwia3ViZXJuZXRlcy5pby9zZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudC9uYW1lc3BhY2UiOiJrdWJlLXN5c3RlbSIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VjcmV0Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbi10b2tlbi1iNGo0aCIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50Lm5hbWUiOiJhZG1pbiIsImt1YmVybmV0ZXMuaW8vc2VydmljZWFjY291bnQvc2VydmljZS1hY2NvdW50LnVpZCI6IjkwMTQzMWYxLTVmNGItMTFlOS05Mjg3LTAwMGMyOWQ5ODY5NyIsInN1YiI6InN5c3RlbTpzZXJ2aWNlYWNjb3VudDprdWJlLXN5c3RlbTphZG1pbiJ9.iwE1UdhB78FgXZJh4ByyOZVNh7M1l2CmOOevihOrY9tl_Z5sf3i_04CA33xA2LAMg7WNVYPjGB7vszBlkQyDGw0H5kJzIfL1YnR0JeLQkNk3v9TLyRqKJA2n8pxmJQIJP1xq0OPRGOfcA_n_c5qESs9QFHejVc5vABim8VBGX-pefKoJVXgu3r4w8gr1ORn4l5-LtHdQjSz3Dys7HwZo71fX2aLQR5bOPurkFKXqymcUoBYpWVsf-0cyN7hLRO-x-Z1i-uVpdM8ClpYSHv49eoDJePrcWpRp-Ryq6SNpGhiqCjjifEQAVHbr36QSAx8I1aamqLcpA0Da2qnunw52JA

四、登录新版本 Dashboard 查看
本人的 Kubernetes 集群地址为”192.168.2.11”并且在 Service 中设置了 NodePort 端口为 30001 和类型为 NodePort 方式访问 Dashboard ，所以访问地址：https://192.168.2.11:30001 进入 Kubernetes Dashboard 页面，然后输入上一步中创建的 ServiceAccount 的 Token 进入 Dashboard，可以看到新的 Dashboard。

    跟上一个版本比较，整体风格更加简洁，并且，可以感受到的是这个页面比以前访问速度更加快速（估计是加了缓存），除了之外还增加了：

新增黑色主题
新增对CRD的管理
新增对集群角色的编辑
新增对 kubernetes 对象以 yaml 格式进行编辑
修改集群资源指标的监控监控信息以及看板样式

五、部署 Metrics Server 为 Dashboard 提供指标数据
Dashboard 已经部署完成，不过登录 Dashboard 后可以看到：

这些栏数据显示都是空，这是由于 Dashboard 的指标部署需要从 Metrics Server 中获取，Dashboard 该版本另一个组件 kubernetes-metrics-scraper 就是用于从 Metrics Server 获取指标的适配器。之前我们已经部署 kubernetes-metrics-scraper 组件，接下来只要再部署 Metrics Server 组件就能获取系统指标数据，供 Dashboard 绘制图形，部署 Metrics Server 可以参考：

Kubernetes 部署 Metrics Server 获取集群指标数据
当按照上面部署完成后，等一段时间，再刷新 Dashboard 界面，可以观察到如下界面：

–END–