【英语：发音基础】A3.基础词汇-万能介词

介词

as

• 作为，当作
  • French is known as the most bleautiful language in theworld.
  • She works as a director.
• 像，如同
  • They were all dressed as clowns.
  • The bomb was disguised as a package.

into

• 进入(通常与动态动词连用)
  • Hundreds of athletes marched into the stadium for the openingceremony.
  • l wandered into the hotel bar and ordered a drink.
• 转变成
  • Jemma had grown into a beautiful woman.
  • Our homework today is to translate a Chinese article into English.
• 热衷于
  • She is into yoga.

like

• 像
  • lt's nothing like what happened in the mid-Seventies.
• (指人或事物的品质、特点) 像…样
  • What did she look like?
• 例如
  • lt eats small animals like birds and mice.
• 像…一样
  • l was shaking all over, trembling like a leaf.

through

• 穿过，通过，从一端至另一端
  • The thief got in through the window.
  • The hunter stalked the bear through the woods.
• 由于，因为，凭借
  • He became ill through overwork.
  • lt was through him that l missed my train.
• 从头到尾，从开始到结束，整段时间
  • He lay awake all through the night.
  • He has decided to prolong his visit through the weekend.

after

• 在（一段时间)之后
  • After the war, I went back to work on the farm.
  • Joe was born not long after we moved to London.
• 追逐，追赶，追求
  • The police are after him for burglary.
  • Watch out, he’s only after your money.
• 由于，鉴于
  • After what he did to my family, l hate him.
  • He was fired from his job after roughing up a colleague.
• 模仿，仿照
  • He takes after his father.
  • This is a picture after van Gogh.

over

• 在…上面，在…之上，在正上方 (通常是悬空的状态)
  • Perry glanced at the clock over the door.
• 覆盖在…上
  • She put her hands over her ears.
• 在某地方的另一头，与地点名词连用
  • Sandra’s brother lives just over the road from our house.
• 超过，与数词连用
  • Over 50 percent of the company’s shares are owned by the government.
• 遍及，到处
  • Children were rushing around madly all over the place.
• 控制，支配，驾驭
  • The king has ruled over the people for ten years.
• 在…期间
  • Most hotels are fully booked over the holiday weekend.

between

• 在…之间
  • They planted a lot of trees between the two buildings.
• 私下，暗中
  • Between ourselves,l know he wants to marry her.
• 来往于…之间
  • There is a path between the house and the road.
• 由…分担(分享)
  • Between them they landed the big fish.
• 总共，总计
  • The three sites employ 12,500 people between them.

against

• 对抗，抵制，反对
  • i'm against all forms of censorship.
  • The king's son died in battle, fighting against the Persians.
• 违反，违背
  • They forced me to do things against my will.lt's against your promise to go on smoking.
  • a2
• 逆着
  • We sailed against the wind.
  • She always advances against difficulties.
• 倚，靠，顶着
  • The seats have no back against which to lean.
  • A picture hangs against the wall.
• 以…为背景
  • The mountain looked magnificent against the sky.
  • The hat color looks good against your skin.

during

• 在…….期间的某一时刻
  • During his visit to South Africa, the president met Archbishop Tutu.
  • Fournier was killed in action during the First World War.
• 在…(整个的) 期间
  • During the summer season, all the hotels are full.
  • Many creatures stay underground during daylight hours.

without

• 没有，缺乏
  • Robert likes to drink coffee without sugar.
  • l couldn't have succeeded without his help.
• 用在no, not, never等否定副词之后，强调肯定的意思，没有.….…不，没有….….则不能
  • The old man cannot walk without a stick.
  • l can’ t live without you - l want to marry you.
  • Liz closed the door without making a sound.

within

• 在…….之内，尤其是空间和时间之内
  • We expect an announcement within the next 24 hours.
  • There were four churches within the walls of the ancient city.
• 在…范围内
  • The government was doing everything within its power to help thevictims.
  • Private security firms must still operate within the limits of the law.

before

• 在…以前，在…前面（时间，位置等)
  • l went for a run before breakfast.
  • The man standing before the blackboard is our English teacher.
• 先于，在…之前（次序，重要性等)
  • Quality comes before quantity.
  • You must pay attention to this problem before everything.

under

• 少于，低于
  • The watch cannot be sold for under 100 yuan.
• 在…….下面，在…下方
  • What are your kids doing under the table?
• 处在…情况之下
  • The machine is still under warranty.
• 承受着，正受到(在…支配/影响/控制下)
  • He kept the situation under control.
• 接受（医疗/刑罚/考验等)
  • Several players are under treatment for injuries.
• 依照/根据(约定、法令等)
  • Under the terms of the agreement, our company will receive 40% of the profits.

around

• (表示运动趋向)环绕，向…周围
  • The earth goes around the sun.
• (表示地点)在…周围，在…附近
  • The children sat around the teacher.
• (表示数量)大约，大概
  • The number of listeners tonight is around 100.
• 到处，向各处
  • They walked around the town looking for a place to eat.

among

• 在…中间，被…包围
  • There’s a lemon tree among birches in the backyard.
  • They strolled among the crowds.
• 属于…(某个群体)
  • A British woman was among the survivors.
  • You are among the fortunate.
• 在…中(分配)，从…中（(选择)
  • The cost should be shared equally among the three of you.
  • Decide on five courses among all those the school offers.

behind

• 在…之后，在……后面
  • The teacher was standing behind me, looking over my shoulder.
  • The other runners were a long way behind Benson.
• 落后于，迟于，晚于
  • The project is already a month behind schedule.
  • At half time, our team was behind by 12 points.
• 支持，赞成
  • Not everyone in the Cabinet was behind Thatcher' s policies.
  • When it came to a crisis, they all rallied behind their leader.
• 是…产生的原因
  • Police believe that a racist group is behind the attacks.
  • Behind your every action is self-interest.

above

• 在…上面，在…….之上 （可表示空间之上，地理位置之上，物体表面之上等）
  • We lived in the reom above the shop.
  • The sun rose above the horizon.
• 超过，胜过，高于
  • The company’s profits were 23% above the previous year’s.
  • ln most subjects the students scored well above average.
• 不屑于
  • Jack was cheating?
  • l thought he was above that sort of thing.
• 最重要的是，尤其是
  • ln their society, honesty was prized above all other virtues.
  • We value our independence above anything that you can offer us.

below

• 在…的下方，在…下面，在.……之上
  • There is a supermarket below the department store.
  • There is a waterfall far below the bridge.
• 少于，低于，不及(数量，地位等)
  • During the night, temperatures dropped below zero.
  • The college will not accept candidates with test scores below 60.
  • House prices are still 2% below 2000 levels.

toward

• 向，朝，面对
  • He ran toward his house.
  • The bus follows the road toward Beijing.
• 对于，关于
  • He’s not feeling very friendly toward you at the moment.
  • l have shown enough forbearance toward him.
• 接近，将近
  • I'll phone you some time toward the end of the week.
  • Caroline' s name appeared toward the bottom of the list.

along

• 沿着
  • We walked along the road.
• 按照，根据，依照
  • Here are a few suggestions along this line.
  • The House will make a few changes and suggestions alongthe way.

beyond

• 超越，超出
  • The scenery there is beautiful beyond description.
  • Jenny won the competition beyond everyone's expectation.
• 迟于，晚于
  • Don't stay here beyond midnight.
  • The new law extends this ban beyond 2022.
• 超出，超过(数量，年龄等)
  • Some people will prefer to continue working beyond 65.
  • Inflation had risen beyond 10%.

except

• 除了…之外
  • All the team were there except Eddie, who was ill.
  • He' s done nothing all day except sit around and watchtelevision.
• 只不过…，只可惜…
  • I'd be glad to help, except that I' m going to be awaythis weekend.
  • He is quite nice except that he is bad-tempered.

搭配动词短语常用副词

up

• 向上
  • lntense balls of flame rose up into the sky.
• 在上面，在高处
  • There's a research station perched 4000 meters up on the lip of thecrater.
• 起床，起来
  • He stood up and went to the window.
• 向(或在)地势更高处
  • He was living up North.
• 往，朝
  • The girl ran the rest of the way across the street and up to the car.

down

• 向下，朝下，在下面
  • She was still looking down at her papers.
• (坐、倒、躺)下
  • Please sit down.
• 下降，下跌
  • lnterest rates came down today.
• 减少，减弱，降低
  • Turn the music down.

away

• (时间或空间上)距离，在(某距离)处
  • The station is a few minutes' walk away.Christmas is still months away.
• 离开，去别处
  • Go away!
• 离开，不在
  • She was away from work for a week.
• 直到完全消失
  • The water boiled away.

out

• 出来
  • She ran out into the corridor.
  • l got out of bed.
• 外出，不在家
  • l called Lisa but she was out.
  • We haven't had a night out for weeks.
• 出去，离开
  • Don't lean out of the window.
  • The boats are all out at sea.

off

• 离开(某处)(在时间或空间上)距，离
  • l called him but he ran off.
  • Sarah's off in India somewhere.
• 除去
  • Take your coat off.
  • Don't leave the toothpaste with the top off.
• 未连接，不工作
  • The water is off.
  • Make sure the TV is off.
• 下班，休息
  • l've got three days off next week.