Android自定义View小结篇

近来忙着银联支付接口对接，博客也没有更新。在前几篇Android自定义View基础篇当中有几处地方明显不足。例如：view中使用handler 就不合理，view中自带了post方法。在view小结篇当中主要讲解自定义过程中的一些疑问及踩过的坑。

1、自定义View中的wrap_content

从ViewRoot的performTraversals开始，经过measure，layout,draw 三个流程。draw流程结束以后就可以在屏幕上看到view了。

经常我们会遇到自定义View在xml中设置wrap_content属性效果跟match_parent一样的。这个时候我们就需要在代码中处理了：

       int   widthSpecMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
       int   widthSpecSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
       int   heightSpecMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
       int   heightSpecSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
        if (widthSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST && heightSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
            setMeasuredDimension(200, 200);
        } else if (widthSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
            setMeasuredDimension(200, heightSpecSize);
        } else if (heightSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
            setMeasuredDimension(widthSpecSize, 200);
        }

一般的处理方式是固定宽高，MeasureSpec.AT_MOST模式对应的xml布局中的wrap_content

2、自定义View中的padding

如果你继承View，一般情况下在onDraw()方法处理；如果你继承viewGroup，那在onMeasure和onLayout里面也要考虑。

        final int paddingLeft = getPaddingLeft();
        final int paddingRight = getPaddingRight();
        final int paddingTop = getPaddingTop();
        final int paddingBottom = getPaddingBottom();

获取当前控件的padding值。

3、线程、动画

view提供了post方法处理线程，view的动画或者线程需要停止，可以考虑在onDetachedFromWindow里面来做。

4、在activity获取View的宽高

measure的过程和activity的生命周期没有任何关系。你无法确定在哪个生命周期执行完毕以后 view的measure过程一定完成。你可以使用如下几种方法来获取。

方法一：

    @Override
    public void onWindowFocusChanged(boolean hasFocus) {
        super.onWindowFocusChanged(hasFocus);
        if (hasFocus) {
            int width = custom.getMeasuredWidth();
            int height = custom.getMeasuredHeight();
        }
    }

方法二：

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        custom.post(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                int width = custom.getMeasuredWidth();
                int height = custom.getMeasuredHeight();
            }
        });
    }

方法三：

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        ViewTreeObserver observer = custom.getViewTreeObserver();
        observer.addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener() {
            @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN)
            @Override
            public void onGlobalLayout() {
                int width = custom.getMeasuredWidth();
                int height = custom.getMeasuredHeight();
                custom.getViewTreeObserver().removeOnGlobalLayoutListener(this);
            }
        });
    }

5、简单案例

继承View的案例：

public class CircleView extends View {

    final Paint paint = new Paint();

    public CircleView(Context context) {
        this(context, null);
    }

    public CircleView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        this(context, attrs, 0);
    }

    public CircleView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
        init(context);
    }

    private void init(Context context) {
        paint.setAntiAlias(true);
        paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
        paint.setColor(Color.RED);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        int widthSpecMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
        int widthSpecSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
        int heightSpecMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
        int heightSpecSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
        if (widthSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST && heightSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
            setMeasuredDimension(200, 200);
        } else if (widthSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
            setMeasuredDimension(200, heightSpecSize);
        } else if (heightSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
            setMeasuredDimension(widthSpecSize, 200);
        }
    }


    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        //处理padding情况
        final int paddingLeft = getPaddingLeft();
        final int paddingRight = getPaddingRight();
        final int paddingTop = getPaddingTop();
        final int paddingBottom = getPaddingBottom();

        int width = getWidth() - paddingLeft - paddingRight;
        int height = getHeight() - paddingTop - paddingBottom;

        int radius = (int) (Math.min(width, height) / 2 * (0.7f));

        canvas.drawCircle(getWidth() / 2 + paddingLeft, getHeight() / 2 + paddingTop, radius, paint);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean postDelayed(Runnable action, long delayMillis) {
        return super.postDelayed(action, delayMillis);
    }

    /**
     * 从窗体上分离
     */
    @Override
    protected void onDetachedFromWindow() {
        super.onDetachedFromWindow();
    }
}

继承ViewGroup：

public class CustomHorizontalLayout extends ViewGroup {

    //设置默认的控件最小是多少 这里不提供自定义属性了 写死在代码里 你们可以自行拓展
    final int minHeight = 0;
    final int minWidth = 0;

    public CustomHorizontalLayout(Context context) {
        this(context, null);
    }

    public CustomHorizontalLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        this(context, attrs, 0);
    }

    public CustomHorizontalLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);

        int measureWidth = 0;
        int measureHeight = 0;

        final int childCount = getChildCount();
        measureChildren(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);

        int widthSpecMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
        int widthSpecSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
        int heightSpecMode = MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
        int heightSpecSize = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);

        final int paddingLeft = getPaddingLeft();
        final int paddingRight = getPaddingRight();
        final int paddingTop = getPaddingTop();
        final int paddingBottom = getPaddingBottom();

        //没有子控件
        if (childCount == 0) {
            if (widthSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST || heightSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
                setMeasuredDimension(minWidth, minHeight);
            } else {
                //否则根据我们的layout属性来
                setMeasuredDimension(getLayoutParams().width, getLayoutParams().height);
            }
        } else if (widthSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST && heightSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
            for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
                final View view = getChildAt(i);
                measureWidth += view.getMeasuredWidth();
                measureHeight = measureHeight >= view.getMeasuredHeight() ? measureHeight : view.getMeasuredHeight();
            }
            setMeasuredDimension(paddingLeft + measureWidth + paddingRight, paddingTop + measureHeight + paddingBottom);
        } else if (heightSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
            for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
                final View view = getChildAt(i);
                measureHeight = measureHeight >= view.getMeasuredHeight() ? measureHeight :view.getMeasuredHeight();
            }
            setMeasuredDimension(paddingLeft + paddingRight + widthSpecSize, paddingTop + paddingBottom + measureHeight);
        } else if (widthSpecMode == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST) {
            for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
                final View view = getChildAt(i);
                measureWidth += view.getMeasuredWidth();
            }
            setMeasuredDimension(paddingLeft + paddingRight + measureWidth, paddingTop + paddingBottom + heightSpecSize);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
        final int paddingLeft = getPaddingLeft();
        final int paddingRight = getPaddingRight();
        final int paddingTop = getPaddingTop();
        final int paddingBottom = getPaddingBottom();
        //左边初始位置为0
        int childLeft = 0 + paddingLeft;
        final int childCount = getChildCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
            final View childView = getChildAt(i);
            if (childView.getVisibility() == View.GONE) {
                continue;
            }
            final int childWidth = childView.getMeasuredWidth();
            childView.layout(childLeft, 0 + paddingTop, childLeft + childWidth, paddingTop + childView.getMeasuredHeight());
            childLeft += childWidth;
        }
    }
}

如有什么疑问，请给我留言。