执行顺序
Oracle会先设置行的rownum,再进行order by
执行顺序:rownum > order by
举例
有以下数据,现在要倒序后取前三条记录。
SQL> select sysdate + level level_ from dual connect by level <= 10;
LEVEL_
-----------
2017/8/5
2017/8/6
2017/8/7
2017/8/8
2017/8/9
2017/8/10
2017/8/11
2017/8/12 <==
2017/8/13 <==
2017/8/14 <==
错误的写法
select *
from (select rownum rno, t.*
from (select sysdate + level level_ from dual connect by level <= 10) t
order by level_ desc) t1
where t1.rno <= 3;
如上所说,因为rownum比order by优先级高,Oracle会先执行进行rownum赋行值,如下
select rownum rno, t.*
from (select sysdate + level level_ from dual connect by level <= 10) t;
结果:
RNO LEVEL_
---------- -----------
1 2017/8/5 19
2 2017/8/6 19
3 2017/8/7 19
4 2017/8/8 19
5 2017/8/9 19
6 2017/8/10 1
7 2017/8/11 1
8 2017/8/12 1
9 2017/8/13 1
10 2017/8/14 1
再进行order by排序,如下:
RNO LEVEL_
---------- -----------
10 2017/8/14 1
9 2017/8/13 1
8 2017/8/12 1
7 2017/8/11 1
6 2017/8/10 1
5 2017/8/9 19
4 2017/8/8 19
3 2017/8/7 19
2 2017/8/6 19
1 2017/8/5 19
再取前三条记录,最终结果如下
RNO LEVEL_
---------- -----------
3 2017/8/7 19
2 2017/8/6 19
1 2017/8/5 19
正确的写法
正确的写法应该是先order by,先包一层查询,再赋rownum值
select *
from (select rownum rno, t1.*
from (select *
from (select sysdate + level level_ from dual connect by level <= 10) t
order by level_ desc) t1) t2
where t2.rno <= 3
结果:
RNO LEVEL_
---------- -----------
1 2017/8/14 1
2 2017/8/13 1
3 2017/8/12 1