SpringBoot提供了多种方法可实现在启动过程中初始化资源
- 使用注解@PostConstruct
- 实现InitializingBean接口
- 实现CommandLineRunner接口
- 实现ApplicationRunner接口
- 监听Spring事件ContextRefreshedEvent
以上5个方法的执行顺序为:
Bean初始化-》依赖注入-》@PostConstruct-》InitializingBean接口-》ContextRefreshedEvent-》ApplicationRunner接口-》CommandLineRunner接口
Talk is cheap. Show me the code!
以下代码在同一个Bean实现以上多种初始化方法,并在每个阶段打印日志信息。
package com.makai.initorder;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationArguments;
import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationListener;
import org.springframework.context.event.ContextRefreshedEvent;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
/**
* @ClassName InitClass
* @Description TODO
* @Date 2019/9/2 19:42
* @Version 1.0
*/
public class InitClass implements InitializingBean, CommandLineRunner, ApplicationRunner, ApplicationListener<ContextRefreshedEvent> {
public InitClass() {
System.out.println("now is doing construct method");
}
//bean初始化后执行
@PostConstruct
public void postConstruct() {
System.out.println("now is doing @PostConstruct");
}
//bean指定initMethod方法,bean初始化后执行
public void initMethod() {
System.out.println("now is doing initMethod");
}
//实现ApplicationRunner,bean初始化后执行
@Override
public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
System.out.println("now is doing afterPropertiesSet");
}
//实现CommandLineRunner,SpringBoot启动后后执行
@Override
public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
System.out.println("now is doing run method of ApplicationRunner Interface");
}
//实现CommandLineRunner,SpringBoot启动后后执行
@Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
System.out.println("now is doing run method of CommandLineRunner Interface");
}
//监听SpringBean加载事件,在springboot 初始化完成时执行
@Override
public void onApplicationEvent(ContextRefreshedEvent contextRefreshedEvent) {
System.out.println("now is doing something when catch a contextRefreshedEvent");
}
}
package com.makai.demo;
import com.makai.initorder.InitClass;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
@SpringBootApplication
@ComponentScan({"com.makai"})
public class DemoApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
}
@Bean(initMethod = "initMethod")
public InitClass initClass(){
return new InitClass();
}
}
启动过程中打印如下,可以验证各个接口的执行顺序。实际应用中按需选择。