【mybatis笔记】 resultType与resultMap的区别

序言：

昨天做一个项目，看到很多刚开始用mybatis的同事对于resultType和resultMap的理解与使用含糊不清，这里我试图用最好理解的说法写一写，欢迎大家勘误。

两者异同：

相同点：resultType和resultMap都是映射结果集到Javabean用的

不同点：

1. resultType属于自动映射到javabean，而resultMap是手动映射到Javabean的，其中简单的映射关系可以使用resultType，复杂映射关系的推荐使用resultMap。
2. 使用resultMap需要先在mapper.xml中定义resultMap。而resultType则无需定义。

下面我举两个正例、两个反例：

需要映射的JavaBean：User

 1 package com.github.hellxz.entity;
 2 
 3 /**
 4  * @Author : Hellxz
 5  * @Description: 被映射的Javabean，常见的User
 6  * @Date : 2018/3/9 8:25
 7  */
 8 public class User {
 9 
10     private Long userId;
11     private String username;
12     private String password;
13 
14     public String getUsername() {
15         return username;
16     }
17 
18     public void setUsername(String username) {
19         this.username = username;
20     }
21 
22     public String getPassword() {
23         return password;
24     }
25 
26     public void setPassword(String password) {
27         this.password = password;
28     }
29 
30     public Long getUserId() {
31         return userId;
32     }
33 
34     public void setUserId(Long userId) {
35         this.userId = userId;
36     }
37 }

UserMapper接口定义：

 1 package com.github.hellxz.dao;
 2 
 3 /**
 4  * @Author : Hellxz
 5  * @Description: User的dao接口
 6  * @Date : 2018/3/9 8:44
 7  */
 8 public interface UserMapper {
 9     
10     User selectByUsername(String username);
11 }

正例：

【resultType正例】：resultType指向具体类型或别名 ✔

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
 2 <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
 3 <mapper namespace="com.github.hellxz.dao.UserMapper" >
 4   <sql id="Base_Column_List" >
 5     user_id, user_name, password
 6   </sql>
 7   <select id="selectByUsername" resultType="com.github.hellxz.entity.User" parameterType="string" >
 8     select
 9     <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
10     from user
11     where user_name = #{username}
12   </select>
13   
14 </mapper>

【resultMap正例】：resultMap引用定义好的resultMap的id ✔

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
 2 <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
 3 <mapper namespace="com.github.hellxz.dao.UserMapper" >
 4   <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.github.hellxz.entity.User" >
 5     <id column="user_id" property="userId" jdbcType="BIGINT" />
 6     <result column="user_name" property="username" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
 7     <result column="password" property="password" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
 8   </resultMap>
 9   <sql id="Base_Column_List" >
10     user_id, user_name, password
11   </sql>
12   <select id="selectByUsername" resultMap="BaseResultMap" parameterType="string" >
13     select 
14     <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
15     from user
16     where user_name = #{username}
17   </select>
18 
19 </mapper>

反例：

【resultType反例】：使用resultType去引用定义的resultMap ✘

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
 2 <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
 3 <mapper namespace="com.github.hellxz.dao.UserMapper" >
 4   <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.github.hellxz.entity.User" >
 5     <id column="user_id" property="userId" jdbcType="BIGINT" />
 6     <result column="user_name" property="username" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
 7     <result column="password" property="password" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
 8   </resultMap>
 9   <sql id="Base_Column_List" >
10     user_id, user_name, password
11   </sql>
12   <select id="selectByUsername" resultType="BaseResultMap" parameterType="string" >
13     select 
14     <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
15     from user
16     where user_name = #{username}
17   </select>
18 
19 </mapper>

【resultMap反例】：使用resultType去引用定义的resultMap或者引用没有定义的resultMap ✘

 1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
 2 <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
 3 <mapper namespace="com.github.hellxz.dao.UserMapper" >
 4   <sql id="Base_Column_List" >
 5     user_id, user_name, password
 6   </sql>
 7   <select id="selectByUsername" resultMap="com.github.hellxz.entity.User" parameterType="string" >
 8     select 
 9     <include refid="Base_Column_List" />
10     from user
11     where user_name = #{username}
12   </select>
13 
14 </mapper>