C/C++常用字符串函数实例

1、strchr

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
char str1[400], str2[400];
char az[400], ax[400], bz[400], bx[400];

int main(void) {
	int i, j;
	while(~scanf(" %s%s", str1, str2)) {
		int p ;
		p = strchr(str1, '.') - str1; //字符p在字符串str1中德位置 
		//printf("%d\n", p);
		//getchar();
		//getchar();
		if(p >= 0) {
			for(i=p+1, j=0; str1[i]; i++)
				ax[j++] = str1[i];
			ax[j] = '\0';
			str1[p] = '\0';
		}
			strcpy(az, str1);
		
		p = strchr(str2, '.') - str2;
		if(p >= 0) {
			for(i=p+1, j=0; str2[i]; i++)
				bx[j++] = str2[i];
			bx[j] = '\0';
			str2[p] = '\0';
		}
		strcpy(bz, str2);
		
		puts(az);
		puts(ax);
		puts(bz);
		puts(bx);
	}
	
	return 0;
}

2、strstr()

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>

int main(void) {
	char *s1 = "I love you";
	char *s2 = "ove";
	char *p = strstr(s1, s2); //找到字符串s2在s1中的首地址 
	printf("%s\n", p);
	
	int loca = p-s1; //字符串s2在s1中的位置 
	printf("%d\n", loca);
	
	return 0;
} 

3、strspn()

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>

int main(void) {
	char *s1 = "I love you";
	char *s2 = "I love ";
	int p = strspn(s1, s2);  
	printf("%d\n", p);
	return 0;
} 

4、str.length()  str.size()

#include <stdio.h>
#include<iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main(void) {
	string str1, str2;
	
	while(cin >> str1 >> str2) {
		int len = str1.length();
		int size = str1.size();
		printf("Length: %d %d\n", len, str2.length());
		printf("Size: %d %d\n", size, str2.size());	
	}
	
	return 0;
}

5、str.find() str.rfind

#include <iostream>
#include<string>

using namespace std;

int main() {
	string str1, str2;
	
	while(cin >> str1 >> str2){
		int where = str1.find(str2); 
		//找到返回第一次出现的位置，找不到返回-1； 
		cout << str2 <<" in " << str1 << " position: "
			 << where << endl;
	 
	 	int pos1 = 3;
	 	where = str1.find(str2, pos1); //pos1指从str1的pos1位置开始往后找
		cout << str2 <<" in " << str1 << " position: "
			 << where << endl;
	  
		where = str1.rfind(str2); //从后往前搜
		cout << str2 <<" in " << str1 << " position: "
			 << where << endl; 
	}
	
	return 0;
}

6、str.substr()

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main(void) {
	string str1, str2;
	
	while(cin >> str1 ) {
		cout << "str1: " << str1<<endl;
		//cout << "str2: " << str2<<endl;
		int begin = 1;
		int len = 3;
		str2 = str1.substr(begin, len); //提取字符，参数begin指开始位置，参数len指取字符串长度；
		//begin, len可以省略，默认为begin=0，len=str1.length() 
		cout << "Zuihou:\n\tstr2: " << str2 << endl << endl;	
	} 
	
	return 0;
}

7、str.insert()

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main() {
	string str1, str2;
	while(cin >> str1 >> str2) {
		string temp = str1;
		int pos1, pos2;
		pos1 = 1;
		str1.insert(pos1, str2); //在str1的pos1位置前插入str2, pos1从零开始 
		cout << str1 << endl; 
		
		str1 = temp;
		pos1 = 1;
		int len2 = 3;
		pos2 = 2;
		str1.insert(pos1, str2, pos2, len2); //在str1的pos1位置前插入从str2的pos2位置开始长度为len2; pos1从零开始 
		cout << str1 << endl; 
		
		str1 = temp;
		pos1 = 1;
		int numchar = 5;
		char ch = 'c';
		str1.insert(pos1, numchar, ch); //在字符串str1的pos1位置插入numchar个字符ch 
		cout << str1 << endl << endl;
	}
	
	return 0;
}

8、str.replace()

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main() {
	string str1, str2;
	while(cin >> str1 >> str2) {
		string temp = str1;
		int pos = 1, len=3;
		str1.replace(pos, len,str2); //将str1中从pos位置开始长度为len的字符串替换为str2 
		cout << str1 << endl;
		//cout << results << endl;
		
		str1 = temp;
		pos = 1;
		len = 4;
		int numchar=5;
		char ch = '8';
		//替换字符，从str1的pos开始长度为len的字符串替换为numchar个ch字符 
		string result = str1.replace(pos, len, numchar, ch);
		cout << str1 << endl;
		cout << result << endl;
	}
	
	return 0;
}

9、swap()

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main() {
	string str1, str2;
	while(cin >> str1 >> str2) {
		cout << "str1: ";
		cout << str1 << '\t' << str2 << endl;
		swap(str1, str2);
		cout << "swap: ";
		cout << str1 << '\t' << str2 << endl; 
	}
	
	return 0;
}

10、str.erase() str.clear()

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main() {
	string str;
	while(cin >> str) {
		int pos = 1;//位置 
		int len = 2;//长度 
		str.erase(pos, len);
		cout << str << endl;
		
		str.clear();
		cout << str << endl;
	}
	
	return 0;
}

11、str.c_sr()

#include <string>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main(void) {
	string str;
	while(cin >> str) {
		cout << str << endl;
		printf("%s\n", str.c_str());
	}
	
	return 0;
}

12、str1+str2     str1.append()

#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main() {
	string str1, str2, str3;
	
	while(cin >> str1 >> str2) {
		str3 = str1 + str2;//字符串附加 
		cout << "Cout: " << endl;
		cout << str3 << endl;
		//printf("%s\n", str3.c_str());
		
		//str1.append(str2); //字符串附加 
		//cout << str1 << endl;
		
		int pos2 = 1, len2 = 2; 
		str1.append(str2,pos2, len2);//从pos2位置开始, 取长度为2的字符串附加给str1 
		cout << str1 << endl;
		
		//str3[str3.length()] = '\0';
		//printf("%s\n", str3);
	}
	
	return 0;
}