SpringMVC(一) 初识SpringMVC 简单搭建

1. 首先使用eclipse工具，右键创建一个maveng web工程

2.配置pom文件，引入所需jar包

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>MySpringMVC</groupId>
  <artifactId>MVC</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>MVC Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
    	<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    	<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
    	<version>5.1.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>  
      <groupId>javax.annotation</groupId>  
      <artifactId>jsr250-api</artifactId>  
      <version>1.0</version>  
    </dependency> 
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>MVC</finalName>
  </build>
</project>

3.配置web.xml文件

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"  
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"  
        version="3.0">
    <servlet>  
        <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>  
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--  
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        -->
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>  
        <servlet-name>spring-mvc</servlet-name>  
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app> 

注意：1) 注释区域是可以自定义一个springmvc.xml配置文件

           2) 或者采用 <servlet-name> 标签中的spring-mvc-servlet.xml

           3) <servlet-mapping> 表示拦截模式，/ 表示对于所有的请求的拦截，包括静态资源如html, js, jpg等

4.在WEB-INF文件下创建spring-mvc-servlet.xml，并添加配置信息

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
        xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
        xsi:schemaLocation="  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans       
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context   
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd">  
     <context:component-scan base-package="com.springmvc.controller" />
       <mvc:annotation-driven /> 
       <!-- 视图解释类 -->
       <bean id="viewResolver"  
            class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">  
          <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />  
          <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
       </bean>   
       <!-- 对静态资源文件的访问-->  
       <mvc:resources mapping="/images/**" location="/WEB-INF/images/" />
       <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/WEB-INF/js/" />
       <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/WEB-INF/css/" />        
</beans> 

注意：<bean id="viewResolver" > 视图解析器，把返回的动作映射到views/下的jsp页面上

5. 在src/main/java 中创建com.springmvc.controller.login.java 文件

package com.springmvc.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class login {

    @RequestMapping(value="/Login")  
    public String login(Model model){  
        model.addAttribute("message", "Hello World!!!");  
        return "login";  
    }
}

6. 在WEB-INF文件下创建views/login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>message:${message}</h1>  
</body>
</html>

7.启动服务，访问http://localhost:8080/MVC/Login