Java使用代理进行网络连接

需求是这样的：

一、界面上要有这样几种代理类型可以选。

1.HTTP代理
2.Socks代理
3.不使用代理（直连）
4.使用浏览器设置（浏览器也是HTTP、Socks、直连三种）。

可参考QQ登录设置里的代理能，其实跟qq的代理功能是一样的。

二、测试使用所填写的代理配置信息是否可连接

三、记录用户上次选择的代理配置，默认使用用户上次使用的代理配置进行网络连接。

程序运行环境是WindowsXP、Windows7、Windows8系统。
使用的技术为Java7，Swing，CXF。

难点：

1.如何进行全居的代理设置：

/**
 * 网络代理Bean
 * 
 * @author tang
 */
public class NetworkBean implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    // private static sun.misc.BASE64Encoder base64Encoder = new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder();

    private Proxy.Type type;// 代理类型
    private String address;// ip 地址
    private String port;// 端口号
    private String username;// 代理服务器用户名
    private String password;// 代理服务器用户密码
    private String domain;// 域
    private String typeText;// 代理类型显示的文本

    public NetworkBean() {
    }

    public NetworkBean(Type type, String address, String port, String username, String password) {
        this.type = type;
        this.address = address;
        this.port = port;
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
    }

    public NetworkBean(Type type, String address, String port, String username, String password, String domain) {
        super();
        this.type = type;
        this.address = address;
        this.port = port;
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
        this.domain = domain;
    }

    public Proxy.Type getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(Proxy.Type type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public String getPort() {
        return port;
    }

    public void setPort(String port) {
        this.port = port;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getDomain() {
        return domain;
    }

    public void setDomain(String domain) {
        this.domain = domain;
    }

    public String getTypeText() {
        return typeText;
    }

    public void setTypeText(String typeText) {
        this.typeText = typeText;
    }

    /**
     * return domain + "\" + username
     */
    public String getDomainAndUsername() {
        return (Utils.toString(domain).trim().isEmpty()) ? username : domain.trim() + "\\" + username;
    }

    /**
     * return domain + "\" + username + ":" + password
     */
    public String getDomainAndUsernameAndPassword() {
        return getDomainAndUsername() + ":" + password;
    }

    /**
     * return username + ":" + password
     */
    public String getUsernameAndPassword() {
        return username + ":" + password;
    }

    /**
     * return (domain + "\" + username + ":" + password) to 64 bit
     */
    public String getDomainAndUsernameAndPassword64() {
        return org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64.encodeBase64String(getDomainAndUsernameAndPassword().getBytes());
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "NetworkBean [type=" + type + ", typeText=" + typeText + ", address=" + address + ", port=" + port + ", username=" + username + ", password="
                + password + ", domain=" + domain + "]";
    }
}

    /**
     * 根据指定的代理信息设置系统全局的网络代理
     * 
     * @param networkBean
     */
    public static void setNetworkProxyBySystem(NetworkBean networkBean) {
        System.out.println("System Set Proxy : " + networkBean);
        if (isUserProxy(networkBean)) {
            if (networkBean.getType() == Proxy.Type.SOCKS) {
                System.getProperties().remove("http.proxyHost");
                System.getProperties().remove("http.proxyPort");

                System.getProperties().setProperty("socksProxyHost", networkBean.getAddress());
                System.getProperties().setProperty("socksProxyPort", networkBean.getPort());
            } else {
                System.getProperties().setProperty("http.proxyHost", networkBean.getAddress());
                System.getProperties().setProperty("http.proxyPort", networkBean.getPort());
            }

            Authenticator.setDefault(new BairuiAuthenticator(networkBean.getDomainAndUsername(), networkBean.getPassword()));
        } else if (networkBean != null) {
            System.getProperties().remove("proxySet");
            System.getProperties().remove("socksProxySet");

            System.getProperties().remove("http.proxyHost");
            System.getProperties().remove("http.proxyPort");

            System.getProperties().remove("socksProxyHost");
            System.getProperties().remove("socksProxyPort");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 网络用户名密码校验提供者
     */
    public static class BairuiAuthenticator extends Authenticator {
        private String username, password;

        public BairuiAuthenticator(String username, String password) {
            this.username = username;
            this.password = password;
        }

        protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
            return new PasswordAuthentication(username, password == null ? null : password.toCharArray());
        }
    }

2.如何让CXF的Service使用系统的代理：

    /**
     * 为WebService接口添加网络代理支持：httpClientPolicy.setAllowChunking(false);
     * 
     * @param client
     */
    public static void setWebServiceSupportProxy(Client client) {
        HTTPConduit conduit = (HTTPConduit) client.getConduit();
        HTTPClientPolicy httpClientPolicy = new HTTPClientPolicy();
        httpClientPolicy.setAllowChunking(false);
        conduit.setClient(httpClientPolicy);
    }

3.使用浏览器设置：

/**
     * 读取用户注册表获取浏览器的代理设置
     * 
     * @return 该方法不会返回null值也不会抛出异常
     */
    public static NetworkBean getBrowserProxy() {
        NetworkBean networkBean = new NetworkBean();
        networkBean.setTypeText(typeTexts[3]);
        networkBean.setType(Proxy.Type.DIRECT);
        String key = "reg query \"HKEY_CURRENT_USER\\Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Internet Settings\"";// 注册表浏览器代理key
        try {
            Process exec = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(key);
            try (InputStreamReader i = new InputStreamReader(exec.getInputStream()); BufferedReader ir = new BufferedReader(i)) {
                for (String line = ir.readLine(); line != null; line = ir.readLine()) {
                    if (line.indexOf("ProxyServer") >= 0) {
                        String[] split1 = line.split("    ");
                        if (split1.length > 3) {
                            String[] split2 = split1[3].trim().split(":");
                            if (split2.length > 1) {
                                if (!Utils.toString(split2[0]).isEmpty() && !Utils.toString(split2[1]).isEmpty()) {
                                    networkBean.setAddress(split2[0]);
                                    networkBean.setPort(split2[1]);
                                    networkBean.setType(Proxy.Type.HTTP);
                                    break;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {// 从注册表读取失败
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return networkBean;
    }

4.测试代理是否可用

因为程序中使用了服务器的两个不同的端口，所以需要测试两个端口是否都可连。
如果使用了多台服务器，更加需要分别测试了。

    /**
     * 测试网络代理是否能通过连接,如果不通过抛出异常
     * 
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static void testNetworkProxy() throws Exception {
        testWebService();
        testURLConnection();
    }

    /**
     * 测试CXF Service接口50367端口
     * 
     * @param networkBean
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void testWebService() throws Exception {
        JcptLoginService service = WebServiceUtils.getService(JcptLoginService.class, GeneralWebServiceAddress.LOGIN_SERVICE_URL_ADD);
        String result = service.getLoginPicture();
        System.out.println(result);
    }

    /**
     * 从HttpURLConnection对象读取指定字符，如果不匹配则抛出异常
     * 
     * @param connection
     * @throws Exception
     */
    private static void checkConnectionContent(HttpURLConnection connection) throws Exception {
        try (InputStream inputStream = connection.getInputStream()) {
            byte[] b = new byte[1024];
            boolean success = false;
            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
            for (int i = inputStream.read(b); i > 0; i = inputStream.read(b)) {
                String tempStr = new String(b, 0, i);
                sb.append(tempStr);
                if (tempStr.indexOf("3,file not found") >= 0) {// service固定返回这个字符串，如果service作了更改此处也应更改
                    success = true;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (!success) {
                String str = sb.toString();
                if (str.length() > 3) {
                    char char0 = str.charAt(0);
                    char char1 = str.charAt(1);
                    if (Utils.isNumber(char0 + "") && char1 == ',') {
                        success = true;
                    }
                }
            }
            if (!success) {
                throw new RuntimeException("result content does not meet expectations.");
            }
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            throw ex;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 测试文件下载接口9067端口
     * 
     * @param networkBean
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static void testURLConnection() throws Exception {
        HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(GeneralWebServiceAddress.FILE_DOWN_URL_ADD + "path=").openConnection();
        checkConnectionContent(connection);
    }

    /**
     * 测试代理服务器连接
     */
    private void testProxyConnection() {
        NetworkBean readNetworkBean = NetworkProxyTool.readNetworkBean();// 先获得正在使用的NetworkBean
        try {
            NetworkBean networkBean = createNetworkBean();// 根据用户填写的信息创建的NetworkBean对象
            showTestResultDialog(NetworkProxyTool.testNetworkProxyBySystem(networkBean));
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            showTestResultDialog(false);
        }
        NetworkProxyTool.setNetworkProxyBySystem(readNetworkBean);// 测试结束，还原原来的NetworkBean
    }

5.因为java连接网络时，如果使用当前的代理连接失败，那么就会使用操作系统中缓存的代理进行网络连接，如何是测试连接时不使用操作系统缓存，但测试结束后使用操作系统缓存。

    /**
     * 设置长连接和验证信息缓存是否开启
     * 
     * @param keepAlive
     */
    public static void setKeepAliveAndAuthCache(boolean keepAlive) {
        System.setProperty("http.keepAlive", keepAlive + "");// 设置是否开始长连接，如果为false可以防止连接被缓存（如果连接被缓存，用户名密码等所有信息都会被缓存）
        if (keepAlive) {
            AuthCacheValue.setAuthCache(new AuthCacheImpl());
        } else {
            // 设置一个空的实现AuthCache可以防止用户名密码信息被缓存
            AuthCacheValue.setAuthCache(new AuthCache() {
                public void remove(String pkey, AuthCacheValue entry) {
                }

                public void put(String pkey, AuthCacheValue value) {
                }

                public AuthCacheValue get(String pkey, String skey) {
                    return null;
                }
            });
        }
    }

在登录之前：

    NetworkProxyTool.setKeepAliveAndAuthCache(false);
    new.Login();

登录成功后：

    NetworkProxyTool.setKeepAliveAndAuthCache(true);

6.保存用户的代理配置：
因为直接序列化自定义类型的对象，会存在版本问题（比如这个类的包名、类名改了，就死定了）。
所以不能直接序列化自定义类的对象，二是将自定义类对象的属性转成字典（Map），然后序列化map。

    /**
     * 读取本地网络代理设置配置文件
     * 
     * @return
     */
    public static NetworkBean readNetworkBean() {
        NetworkBean networkBean = getCurrNetworkBean(readNetworkBeanMap());
        if (networkBean == null) {
            networkBean = new NetworkBean();
            networkBean.setType(Proxy.Type.DIRECT);
        }
        return networkBean;
    }

    /**
     * 获取用户上次选择网络代理设置
     * 
     * @param map
     * @return
     */
    public static NetworkBean getCurrNetworkBean(Map<String, Object> map) {
        putBrowserProxy(map);
        return (NetworkBean) map.get(getTypeMapKey(map));
    }

    /**
     * 将浏览器的信息存放入代理信息总配置map
     * 
     * @param map
     */
    private static void putBrowserProxy(Map<String, Object> map) {
        if (browserProxyBean == null) {
            browserProxyBean = getBrowserProxy();
        }
        NetworkBean networkBeanBrowser = (NetworkBean) map.get(key_browser);
        if (networkBeanBrowser == null) {
            networkBeanBrowser = browserProxyBean;
        }
        if ((Utils.toString(browserProxyBean.getAddress()).isEmpty() || !browserProxyBean.getAddress().equals(networkBeanBrowser.getAddress()))
                || (Utils.toString(browserProxyBean.getPort()).isEmpty() || !browserProxyBean.getPort().equals(networkBeanBrowser.getPort()))) {
            networkBeanBrowser.setUsername(null);
            networkBeanBrowser.setPassword(null);
            networkBeanBrowser.setDomain(null);
        }
        networkBeanBrowser.setType(browserProxyBean.getType());
        networkBeanBrowser.setTypeText(browserProxyBean.getTypeText());
        networkBeanBrowser.setAddress(browserProxyBean.getAddress());
        networkBeanBrowser.setPort(browserProxyBean.getPort());
        map.put(key_browser, networkBeanBrowser);
    }

在登录之前：

    NetworkBean networkBean = NetworkProxyTool.readNetworkBean();
    NetworkProxyTool.setNetworkProxyBySystem(networkBean);

    NetworkProxyTool.setKeepAliveAndAuthCache(false);
    new.Login();

在用户配置完代理点击确定时：

    /**
     * 点击确定
     */
    private void confirm() {

        if ((isHttp() || isSocks()) && !checkIpAndPortNotNull()) {
            return;
        }

        NetworkBean networkBean = createNetworkBean();
        if (isHttp()) {// HTTP代理
            if (networkBean.getDomain() != null) {
                networkBean.setDomain(networkBean.getDomain().trim());
            }
            proxySettingMap.put(key_http, networkBean);
            proxySettingMap.put(key_proxy_type, key_http);
        } else if (isSocks()) {// SOCKS代理
            proxySettingMap.put(key_socks, networkBean);
            proxySettingMap.put(key_proxy_type, key_socks);
        } else if (isBrowser()) {
            proxySettingMap.put(key_browser, networkBean);
            proxySettingMap.put(key_proxy_type, key_browser);
        } else {
            proxySettingMap.put(key_direct, networkBean);
            proxySettingMap.put(key_proxy_type, key_direct);
        }

        userCurrShowNetworkBean = networkBean;

        isConfirm = true;
        setVisible(false);

        NetworkProxyTool.saveNetworkProxyConfig(proxySettingMap);
    }

System Properties

Java System Properties网络设置有哪些key

http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/technotes/guides/net/properties.html

http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/net/doc-files/net-properties.html

Java System Properties优先级说明

host和port比set优先级高，也就是说set可以不用去设置。
如存在http.proxyHost和http.proxyPort时，proxySet设为false无效，系统仍然可以使用http代理。
存在socksProxyHost和socksProxyPort时，socksProxySet设为false无效，系统仍然可以使用socks代理。

http比socks优先级高，即存在http.proxyHost和http.proxyPort时，socksProxySet、socksProxyHost、socksProxyPort都会失效，系统会使用http代理。

使用java.net.Proxy

如果只是单个的连接需要使用代理，那么可以采用Proxy类进行代理连接。
说明：
1.Socket只能使用socks代理不能使用http代理。
2.Socket使用使用Authenticator来进行验证。
3.URLConnection 使用RequestProperty是只对当前连接有效，不会缓存，Authenticator是全局性的，对所有网络请求都有效，会缓存，但RequestProperty的优先级比Authenticator高。
4.只有RequestProperty需要64位编码，Authenticator不需要。
5.需要清除验证缓存的，不使用验证缓存上面已经有代码了，这里就不重复写了。
6.其实，建议采用全局性的代理连接，不管是URLConnection 还是Socket 都简单方便、统一。

代码：

NetworkBean httpBean = new NetworkBean(Proxy.Type.HTTP, "192.168.77.5", "8888", "tzc", "123", null);
Proxy httpProxy = new Proxy(httpBean.getType(), new InetSocketAddress(httpBean.getAddress(), Integer.parseInt(httpBean.getPort())));

NetworkBean socksBean = new NetworkBean(Proxy.Type.SOCKS, "192.168.77.5", "9999", "tzc", "123", "ttt");
Proxy socksProxy = new Proxy(socksBean.getType(), new InetSocketAddress(socksBean.getAddress(), Integer.parseInt(socksBean.getPort())));

URLConnection httpProxyConnection = new URL("http://www.baidu.com/").openConnection(httpProxy);
//或者Authenticator.setDefault(new BairuiAuthenticator(networkBean.getDomainAndUsername(), networkBean.getPassword()));
httpProxyConnection.setRequestProperty("Proxy-Authorization", "Basic "+httpBean.getDomainAndUsernameAndPassword64());

URLConnection socksProxyConnection = new URL("http://www.baidu.com/").openConnection(socksProxy);
//或者Authenticator.setDefault(new BairuiAuthenticator(networkBean.getDomainAndUsername(), networkBean.getPassword()));
socksProxyConnection.setRequestProperty("Proxy-Authorization", "Basic "+httpBean.getDomainAndUsernameAndPassword64());

Socket socket = new Socket(socksProxy);
Authenticator.setDefault(new BairuiAuthenticator(networkBean.getDomainAndUsername(), networkBean.getPassword()));
socket.connect(new InetSocketAddress("www.baidu.com", 5555));