java.util.concurrent.Semaphore

public class SemaphoreDemo {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//信号量，解决了允许固定个数的线程同时访问共享资源
		final Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(3);
		for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

			new Thread(new Runnable() {

				@Override
				public void run() {
					try {
						semaphore.acquire();// 获得许可

						System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
								+ ": 来了...现在有"+(3-semaphore.availablePermits())+"位顾客");

						TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(new Random().nextInt(5));
						System.out.println("-->"+Thread.currentThread().getName()
								+ ": 走了...");

						semaphore.release();// 释放许可
					} catch (InterruptedException e) {
						e.printStackTrace();
					}

				}
			}).start();
		}
	}
}

Thread-0: 来了...现在有1位顾客
Thread-2: 来了...现在有3位顾客
Thread-1: 来了...现在有2位顾客
-->Thread-2: 走了...
Thread-4: 来了...现在有3位顾客
-->Thread-1: 走了...
Thread-6: 来了...现在有3位顾客
-->Thread-0: 走了...
-->Thread-4: 走了...
Thread-8: 来了...现在有3位顾客
Thread-5: 来了...现在有3位顾客
-->Thread-5: 走了...
Thread-9: 来了...现在有3位顾客
-->Thread-6: 走了...
Thread-3: 来了...现在有3位顾客
-->Thread-3: 走了...
Thread-7: 来了...现在有3位顾客
-->Thread-8: 走了...
-->Thread-9: 走了...
-->Thread-7: 走了...