面试题4：替换空格

题目：请实现一个函数，把字符串中的每个空格替换成"%20"。例如输入"We are happy."，则输出"We%20are%20happy."。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
using namespace std;

void replace_space(char s[], int maxLength);

int main()
{
    char str[16] = "we are happy.";
    replace_space(str, 16);
    printf("%s\n", str);

    return 0;
}

//时间复杂度为O(n)
void replace_space(char s[], int maxLength)
{
    if(s == NULL && maxLength <= 0)
        return;

    int oriLength = 0;
    int numOfSpace = 0;
    int i = 0;

    while(s[i] != '\0')
    {
        oriLength++;
        if(s[i] == ' ')
        {
            numOfSpace++;
        }
        i++;
    }
    int newLength = oriLength + numOfSpace * 2;
    if(newLength > maxLength)
    {
        printf("out of length.\n");
        return;
    }


    int flag1 = oriLength;
    int flag2 = newLength;
    int count_space = 0;

    while(count_space <= numOfSpace)
    {
        if(s[flag1] == ' ')
        {
            count_space++;
            flag1--;
            s[flag2--] = '0';
            s[flag2--] = '2';
            s[flag2--] = '%';
        }
        else
            s[flag2--] = s[flag1--];
    }
}