一、CyclicBarrier同步辅助类
作用:允许两个或者多个线程在某个点上进行同步
1、CyclicBarrier类使用一个整型数进行初始化,这个数是需要在某个点上同步的线程数
2、当一个线程到达指定的点后,它将调用await()方法等待其他线程。当线程调用await()方法后,CyclicBarrier类将阻塞这个线程并使之休眠直到其他所有线程到达
3、当最后一个线程调用CyclicBarrier类的await()方法时,CyclicBarrier将唤醒所有在等待的线程,然后这个线程将继续执行
CyclicBarrier:可以传入一个Runnable对象作为初始化参数,当所有的线程都到达集合点之后,CyclicBarrier将这个Runnable对象作为线程执行
二、模拟实现
三、cyclicBarrier与CountDownLatch比较在一个矩阵中查找一个数字
将矩阵分成几个小矩阵,每个线程都在一个子集中查找。一旦所有的线程完成查找,对中的任务将统一这些结果
package com.concurrent.threadAvgClass; import java.util.Random; public class MatrixMock { private int[][] data; public MatrixMock(int size, int length, int target) { int counter = 0; data = new int[size][length]; Random random = new Random(); for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < length; j++) { data[i][j] = random.nextInt(10); if (data[i][j] == target) counter++; } } System.out .printf("Mock : There are %d ocurrences of number in generated data.\n", counter, target); } public int[] getRow(int row) { if ((row >= 0) && (row < data.length)) { return data[row]; } return null; } }
package com.concurrent.threadAvgClass; /** * 这个类是一个结果类 * 这个类保存矩阵中每行找到的指定数字的次数 * @author Nicholas * */ public class Result { private int[] data; public Result(int size) { data = new int[size]; } public void setData(int position,int value) { data[position] = value; } public int[] getData() { return data; } }
package com.concurrent.threadAvgClass; public class Grouper implements Runnable{ private Result result; public Grouper(Result result) { this.result = result; } @Override public void run() { int finalResult = 0; System.out.println("Grouper : Processing results\n"); int[] data = result.getData(); for(int number:data) { finalResult += number; } System.out.println("Grouper : Total results : "+finalResult); } }
package com.concurrent.threadAvgClass; import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException; import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier; /** * 这是查找类 * @author Nicholas * 这个类在随机矩阵中指定的行中查找某个数 */ public class Searcher implements Runnable { private int firstRow; private int lastRow; private MatrixMock matrixMock; private Result result; private int number; private final CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier; public Searcher(int firstRow, int lastRow, MatrixMock matrixMock, Result result, int number, CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier) { this.firstRow = firstRow; this.lastRow = lastRow; this.matrixMock = matrixMock; this.result = result; this.number = number; this.cyclicBarrier = cyclicBarrier; } @Override public void run() { int counter;//存放每行查找到的次数 System.out.printf("%s : Processing lines from %d to %d.\n", Thread .currentThread().getName(), firstRow, lastRow); for (int i = firstRow; i < lastRow; i++) { int row[] = matrixMock.getRow(i); counter = 0; for (int j = 0; j < row.length; j++) { if (row[j] == number) counter++; } result.setData(i, counter); } System.out.printf("%s : Processing lines finished\n", Thread .currentThread().getName()); try { cyclicBarrier.await(); } catch (InterruptedException | BrokenBarrierException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
package com.concurrent.threadAvgClass; import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier; public class Main2 { public static void main(String[] args) { final int ROWS = 10000; final int NUMBERS = 1000; final int SEARCH = 5; final int PARTICIPANTS = 5; final int LINES_PARTICIPENT = 2000; MatrixMock matrixMock = new MatrixMock(ROWS, NUMBERS, SEARCH); Result result = new Result(ROWS); Grouper grouper = new Grouper(result); CyclicBarrier cyclicBarrier = new CyclicBarrier(PARTICIPANTS, grouper); Searcher[] searcher = new Searcher[PARTICIPANTS]; for (int i = 0; i < PARTICIPANTS; i++) { searcher[i] = new Searcher(i * LINES_PARTICIPENT, (i * LINES_PARTICIPENT) + LINES_PARTICIPENT, matrixMock, result, 5, cyclicBarrier); Thread thread = new Thread(searcher[i]); thread.start(); } System.out.println("Main : The main thread has been finished.."); } }
cyclicBarrier还提供的方法:
getNumberWairing() 返回在await()上阻塞的线程的数目
getParties() 返回被cyclicBarrier对象同步的任务数
cyclicBarrier可以被重置到初始状态,并把内部的计数器重置成初始化的值 对应的函数 reset()
cyclicBarrier对象有一种特殊的状态----损坏状态。
当很多线程在等待的时候,如果其中一个线程被中断,这个线程将抛出InterruptedException异常
其他等待的线程抛出BrokenBarrierException异常。于是cyclicBarrier对象就处于损坏状态了,可以使用isBroken()方法检测cyclicBarrier对象的状态