netty服务器端启动主要用到如下几个类:
- ServerBootstrap,启动netty主类
- EventLoopGroup,事件循环器,服务器端启动时,需要两个事件循环器
- Channel类,通常使用:NioServerSocketChannel,
- ChannelHandler,事件处理器,当channel接受到数据后,处理数据的代码
netty客户器端启动主要用到如下几个类:
- Bootstrap,启动netty客户端主类
- EventLoopGroup,事件循环器,
- Channel类,通常使用:NioSocketChannel,
- ChannelHandler,事件处理器,当channel接受到数据后,处理数据的代码
示例代码如下(代码从其他页面拷贝)
服务器端启动代码
package com.dai.netty;
import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.Delimiters;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
public class HelloServer {
/**
* 服务端监听的端口地址
*/
private static final int portNumber = 7878;
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup);
b.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class);
b.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
// 以("\n")为结尾分割的 解码器
pipeline.addLast("framer", new DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder(8192, Delimiters.lineDelimiter()));
// 字符串解码 和 编码
pipeline.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder());
pipeline.addLast("encoder", new StringEncoder());
// 自己的逻辑Handler
pipeline.addLast("handler", new HelloServerHandler());
}
});
// 服务器绑定端口监听
ChannelFuture f = b.bind(portNumber).sync();
// 监听服务器关闭监听
f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
// 可以简写为
/* b.bind(portNumber).sync().channel().closeFuture().sync(); */
} finally {
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
}
服务器handler
package com.dai.netty;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
public class HelloServerHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {
System.out.println(ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + " Say : " + msg);
ctx.writeAndFlush("Received your message :"+msg+"!\n");
}
@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("RamoteAddress : " + ctx.channel().remoteAddress() + " active !");
ctx.writeAndFlush("Welcome to " + InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostName() + " service!\n");
super.channelActive(ctx);
}
}
客户端启动
package com.dai.netty;
import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.Delimiters;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
public class HelloClient {
public static String host = "127.0.0.1";
public static int port = 7878;
/**
* @param args
* @throws InterruptedException
* @throws IOException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, IOException {
EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
try {
Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
b.group(group).channel(NioSocketChannel.class).handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
@Override
public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ChannelPipeline pipeline = ch.pipeline();
/*
* 这个地方的 必须和服务端对应上。否则无法正常解码和编码
*
* 解码和编码 我将会在下一张为大家详细的讲解。再次暂时不做详细的描述
*
*/
pipeline.addLast("framer", new DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder(8192, Delimiters.lineDelimiter()));
pipeline.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder());
pipeline.addLast("encoder", new StringEncoder());
// 客户端的逻辑
pipeline.addLast("handler", new HelloClientHandler());
}
});
// 连接服务端
Channel ch = b.connect(host, port).sync().channel();
// 控制台输入
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
for (;;) {
String line = in.readLine();
if (line == null) {
continue;
}
/*
* 向服务端发送在控制台输入的文本 并用"\r\n"结尾 之所以用\r\n结尾 是因为我们在handler中添加了
* DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder 帧解码。
* 这个解码器是一个根据\n符号位分隔符的解码器。所以每条消息的最后必须加上\n否则无法识别和解码
*/
ch.writeAndFlush(line + "\r\n");
}
} finally {
// The connection is closed automatically on shutdown.
group.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
}
客户端handler
package com.dai.netty;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
public class HelloClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<String> {
@Override
protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, String msg) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Server say : " + msg);
}
@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Client active ");
super.channelActive(ctx);
}
@Override
public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Client close ");
super.channelInactive(ctx);
}
}