servlet

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-21 20:54:55 发布

苹果树上的女孩

最新推荐文章于 2022-09-21 20:54:55 发布

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分类专栏：我的java学习笔记

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常用的web服务器有：
1、IIS,出自微软
2、Apache,linux，C语言写的
3、tomcat是Apache项目中的一个，java写的

servlet是服务器上运行的程序其主要功能在于交互式地浏览和修改数据，生成动态Web内容。

先记录下功能代码吧，关于servlet的原理，等之后学习更深入了，再补充一下。

生命周期

public class TestLiftCycleServlet extends HttpServlet {

    /**
     * 实例化
     */
    public TestLiftCycleServlet() {
        System.out.println("constructor");
    }

    /**
     * 处理请求 多次使用
     */
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("doGet");
    }

    /**
     * 初始化 只执行一次
     */
    @Override
    public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("init");
    }

    /**
     * 退出服务时调用
     */
    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("destroy");
    }
}

显示一个点击跳转的功能

package com.hq.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet("/HelloWorld")
public class HelloWorld extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public HelloWorld() {
        super();
    }

    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.service(arg0, arg1);
    }


    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.getWriter().write("<a href='http://www.baidu.com'>go</a>");

        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        out.print("   这个一个百度跳转  ");
    }

    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doGet(request, response);//和get使用同一套处理方法
    }
}

获取onSubmit指定参数值

package com.hq.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Enumeration;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ThreeParams extends HttpServlet {


    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

        PrintWriter pw = resp.getWriter();
        pw.println("获取到的参数  <br/>");
        pw.println(req.getParameter("param1"));
        pw.println("<br/>");
        pw.println(req.getParameter("param2"));
        pw.println("<br/>");
        pw.println(req.getParameter("param3"));
        pw.println("<br/>");

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("post");
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

获取全部提交参数

package com.hq.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Enumeration;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ReadAllParamsServlet extends HttpServlet {


    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=gb2312");
        PrintWriter pw = resp.getWriter();
        pw.println("获取到的所有参数  <br/>");

        Enumeration paramsName = req.getParameterNames();
        while(paramsName.hasMoreElements()){
            String paramName = (String)paramsName.nextElement();
            String[] paramValues = req.getParameterValues(paramName);
            if(paramValues.length==1){
                String paramValue = paramValues[0];
                if (paramValue.length()==0) {
                    pw.println("no value");
                }else {
                    pw.print(paramValue);
                }
            }else{
                for (int i = 0; i < paramValues.length; i++) {
                    pw.println(paramValues[i]);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("post");
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

获取cookie值

package com.hq.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Enumeration;

import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class CookieDemo extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

        //模拟设置cookie
        for(int i = 0; i<3;i++){
            Cookie cookie = new Cookie("Session-Cookie-"+i,"Cookie-Value_S"+i);
            resp.addCookie(cookie);
            cookie= new Cookie("Persistent-Cookie-"+i, "   hello");
            cookie.setMaxAge(3600);//时效性
            resp.addCookie(cookie);
        }

        //设置网页的字符编码格式为gb2312
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=gb2312");
        PrintWriter pw = resp.getWriter();

        //2 获取cookie
        pw.println("获取到cookie");
        Cookie[] cookies = req.getCookies();
        if(cookies!=null){
            Cookie cookie = null;
            for(int i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++){
                cookie= cookies[i];
                pw.println("name:"+cookie.getName()+"  value:"+cookie.getValue());
            }
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("post");
        doGet(req, resp);

    }
}

关于Session

/**
 *
 *  session是存在服务器端的，cookie是存在客户端的。
 *  session可与浏览器关联，每个窗口有独一无二的sessionId.session就是服务端的一个内存，能存储任何内容。键值对
 *          session是针对窗口的。不像cookie拥有路径访问问题，同一个application下的servlet/jsp可以共享一个session。需要同一个客户端窗口
 *  
 *  如果浏览器支持cookie,创建session时会把sessionId保存在cookie里，保持不变。否则sessionId每次都说新生成的
 * 
 *  session实现： cookie实现、url重写实现
 *  
 *  
 *  cookie(临时的，写在文件里)实现：sessionId存在临时cookie里
 *  使用url重写的方式实现session，response。encodeURL()，转码，url后面添加sessionId
 *
 *http://blog.csdn.net/robbyo/article/details/17733743
 */
public class SessionDemo extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取当前的session,若无，就创建一个session
        HttpSession mySession = req.getSession(true);
        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        PrintWriter out= resp.getWriter();

        String heading;
        Integer accessCount = (Integer)mySession.getAttribute("accessCount");
        if(accessCount==null){
            accessCount = new Integer(0);
            heading="welcome,new comer";
        }else{
            heading="welcome back";
            accessCount = new Integer(accessCount.intValue()+1);
        }
        mySession.setAttribute("accessCount", accessCount);
        out.println("<H3>show info saved in session</H3>"+accessCount);  


        out.println("<H3>create Information</H3>");  
        out.println(" new Session:"+mySession.isNew());
        out.println("session id:"+mySession.getId()+
                ",create time:"+mySession.getCreationTime()
                //最近一次访问的时间，session是有过期时间的
        +",last access time:"+mySession.getLastAccessedTime());


           out.println("<H3>Request Information</H3>");  
            out.println("Session ID from Request: "  
                    //上次使用的session
                    + req.getRequestedSessionId());  
            out.println("<BR>Session ID via Cookie: "  //方式1：通过cookie
                    + req.isRequestedSessionIdFromCookie());  
            out.println("<BR>Session ID via rewritten URL: "  //方式2：通过重写url
                    + req.isRequestedSessionIdFromURL());  
            out.println("<BR>Valid Session ID: "  //session是否有效
                    + req.isRequestedSessionIdValid());  

            //添加了一个刷新,浏览器不使用cookie，就在url里面添加session
            out.println("<a href="+"SessionDemo"+">simple url  </a>");

            //经测试，360不行，chrome可以.response.encodeURL的功能是url后添加session。
            String urlWithSession = resp.encodeURL("SessionDemo");
            out.println("<a href='"+urlWithSession+"'>url with session</a>");

            out.close(); // close output stream  
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("post");
        doGet(req, resp);

    }
}

application

/**
 * application里面的值是共享的
 * @author dell
 *
 */
public class TestServletContext extends HttpServlet {


    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req,
            HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=gb2312");
        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();

        //获取application
        ServletContext application = this.getServletContext();

        //设置application里的内容
        Integer accessCount = (Integer)application.getAttribute("accessCount");
        if(accessCount==null){
            accessCount = new Integer(0);
        }else{
            accessCount = new Integer(accessCount.intValue()+1);
        }
        application.setAttribute("accessCount", accessCount);

        //获取application里的内容
        out.println("get count:"+accessCount);
    }
}