一、背景
我们在实际开发中，常常会遇到需要使用java代码进行发送邮件的需求，我们可以通过这种方式向用户推送通知等。
二、Java代码
1 package com.hafiz.zhang.mail; 2 3 import java.util.Properties; 4 5 import javax.activation.DataHandler; 6 import javax.activation.FileDataSource; 7 import javax.mail.Address; 8 import javax.mail.BodyPart; 9 import javax.mail.Message; 10 import javax.mail.Multipart; 11 import javax.mail.Session; 12 import javax.mail.Transport; 13 import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress; 14 import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart; 15 import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage; 16 import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart; 17 18 19 public class Mail { 20 21 private MimeMessage mimeMsg; //MIME邮件对象 22 private Session session; //邮件会话对象 23 private Properties props; //系统属性 24 private boolean needAuth = false; //smtp是否需要认证 25 //smtp认证用户名和密码 26 private String username; 27 private String password; 28 private Multipart mp; //Multipart对象,邮件内容,标题,附件等内容均添加到其中后再生成MimeMessage对象 29 30 /** 31 * Constructor 32 * @param smtp 邮件发送服务器 33 */ 34 public Mail(String smtp){ 35 setSmtpHost(smtp); 36 createMimeMessage(); 37 } 38 39 /** 40 * 设置邮件发送服务器 41 * @param hostName String 42 */ 43 public void setSmtpHost(String hostName) { 44 System.out.println("设置系统属性：mail.smtp.host = "+hostName); 45 if(props == null) 46 props = System.getProperties(); //获得系统属性对象 47 props.put("mail.smtp.host",hostName); //设置SMTP主机 48 } 49 50 51 /** 52 * 创建MIME邮件对象 53 * @return 54 */ 55 public boolean createMimeMessage() 56 { 57 try { 58 System.out.println("准备获取邮件会话对象！"); 59 session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props,null); //获得邮件会话对象 60 } 61 catch(Exception e){ 62 System.err.println("获取邮件会话对象时发生错误！"+e); 63 return false; 64 } 65 66 System.out.println("准备创建MIME邮件对象！"); 67 try { 68 mimeMsg = new MimeMessage(session); //创建MIME邮件对象 69 mp = new MimeMultipart(); 70 71 return true; 72 } catch(Exception e){ 73 System.err.println("创建MIME邮件对象失败！"+e); 74 return false; 75 } 76 } 77 78 /** 79 * 设置SMTP是否需要验证 80 * @param need 81 */ 82 public void setNeedAuth(boolean need) { 83 System.out.println("设置smtp身份认证：mail.smtp.auth = "+need); 84 if(props == null) props = System.getProperties(); 85 if(need){ 86 props.put("mail.smtp.auth","true"); 87 }else{ 88 props.put("mail.smtp.auth","false"); 89 } 90 } 91 92 /** 93 * 设置用户名和密码 94 * @param name 95 * @param pass 96 */ 97 public void setNamePass(String name,String pass) { 98 username = name; 99 password = pass; 100 } 101 102 /** 103 * 设置邮件主题 104 * @param mailSubject 105 * @return 106 */ 107 public boolean setSubject(String mailSubject) { 108 System.out.println("设置邮件主题！"); 109 try{ 110 mimeMsg.setSubject(mailSubject); 111 return true; 112 } 113 catch(Exception e) { 114 System.err.println("设置邮件主题发生错误！"); 115 return false; 116 } 117 } 118 119 /** 120 * 设置邮件正文 121 * @param mailBody String 122 */ 123 public boolean setBody(String mailBody) { 124 try{ 125 BodyPart bp = new MimeBodyPart(); 126 bp.setContent(""+mailBody,"text/html;charset=GBK"); 127 mp.addBodyPart(bp); 128 129 return true; 130 } catch(Exception e){ 131 System.err.println("设置邮件正文时发生错误！"+e); 132 return false; 133 } 134 } 135 /** 136 * 添加附件 137 * @param filename String 138 */ 139 public boolean addFileAffix(String filename) { 140 141 System.out.println("增加邮件附件："+filename); 142 try{ 143 BodyPart bp = new MimeBodyPart(); 144 FileDataSource fileds = new FileDataSource(filename); 145 bp.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(fileds)); 146 bp.setFileName(fileds.getName()); 147 148 mp.addBodyPart(bp); 149 150 return true; 151 } catch(Exception e){ 152 System.err.println("增加邮件附件："+filename+"发生错误！"+e); 153 return false; 154 } 155 } 156 157 /** 158 * 设置发信人 159 * @param from String 160 */ 161 public boolean setFrom(String from) { 162 System.out.println("设置发信人！"); 163 try{ 164 mimeMsg.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); //设置发信人 165 return true; 166 } catch(Exception e) { 167 return false; 168 } 169 } 170 /** 171 * 设置收信人 172 * @param to String 173 */ 174 public boolean setTo(String to){ 175 if(to == null)return false; 176 try{ 177 mimeMsg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO,InternetAddress.parse(to)); 178 return true; 179 } catch(Exception e) { 180 return false; 181 } 182 } 183 184 /** 185 * 设置抄送人 186 * @param copyto String 187 */ 188 public boolean setCopyTo(String copyto) 189 { 190 if(copyto == null)return false; 191 try{ 192 mimeMsg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC,(Address[])InternetAddress.parse(copyto)); 193 return true; 194 } 195 catch(Exception e) 196 { return false; } 197 } 198 199 /** 200 * 发送邮件 201 */ 202 public boolean sendOut() 203 { 204 try{ 205 mimeMsg.setContent(mp); 206 mimeMsg.saveChanges(); 207 System.out.println("正在发送邮件...."); 208 209 Session mailSession = Session.getInstance(props,null); 210 Transport transport = mailSession.getTransport("smtp"); 211 transport.connect((String)props.get("mail.smtp.host"),username,password); 212 transport.sendMessage(mimeMsg,mimeMsg.getRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO)); 213 transport.sendMessage(mimeMsg,mimeMsg.getRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC)); 214 //transport.send(mimeMsg); 215 216 System.out.println("发送邮件成功！"); 217 transport.close(); 218 219 return true; 220 } catch(Exception e) { 221 System.err.println("邮件发送失败！"+e); 222 return false; 223 } 224 } 225 226 /** 227 * 调用sendOut方法完成邮件发送 228 * @param smtp 229 * @param from 230 * @param to 231 * @param subject 232 * @param content 233 * @param username 234 * @param password 235 * @return boolean 236 */ 237 public static boolean send(String smtp,String from,String to,String subject,String content,String username,String password) { 238 Mail theMail = new Mail(smtp); 239 theMail.setNeedAuth(true); //需要验证 240 241 if(!theMail.setSubject(subject)) return false; 242 if(!theMail.setBody(content)) return false; 243 if(!theMail.setTo(to)) return false; 244 if(!theMail.setFrom(from)) return false; 245 theMail.setNamePass(username,password); 246 247 if(!theMail.sendOut()) return false; 248 return true; 249 } 250 251 /** 252 * 调用sendOut方法完成邮件发送,带抄送 253 * @param smtp 254 * @param from 255 * @param to 256 * @param copyto 257 * @param subject 258 * @param content 259 * @param username 260 * @param password 261 * @return boolean 262 */ 263 public static boolean sendAndCc(String smtp,String from,String to,String copyto,String subject,String content,String username,String password) { 264 Mail theMail = new Mail(smtp); 265 theMail.setNeedAuth(true); //需要验证 266 267 if(!theMail.setSubject(subject)) return false; 268 if(!theMail.setBody(content)) return false; 269 if(!theMail.setTo(to)) return false; 270 if(!theMail.setCopyTo(copyto)) return false; 271 if(!theMail.setFrom(from)) return false; 272 theMail.setNamePass(username,password); 273 274 if(!theMail.sendOut()) return false; 275 return true; 276 } 277 278 /** 279 * 调用sendOut方法完成邮件发送,带附件 280 * @param smtp 281 * @param from 282 * @param to 283 * @param subject 284 * @param content 285 * @param username 286 * @param password 287 * @param filename 附件路径 288 * @return 289 */ 290 public static boolean send(String smtp,String from,String to,String subject,String content,String username,String password,String filename) { 291 Mail theMail = new Mail(smtp); 292 theMail.setNeedAuth(true); //需要验证 293 294 if(!theMail.setSubject(subject)) return false; 295 if(!theMail.setBody(content)) return false; 296 if(!theMail.addFileAffix(filename)) return false; 297 if(!theMail.setTo(to)) return false; 298 if(!theMail.setFrom(from)) return false; 299 theMail.setNamePass(username,password); 300 301 if(!theMail.sendOut()) return false; 302 return true; 303 } 304 305 /** 306 * 调用sendOut方法完成邮件发送,带附件和抄送 307 * @param smtp 308 * @param from 309 * @param to 310 * @param copyto 311 * @param subject 312 * @param content 313 * @param username 314 * @param password 315 * @param filename 316 * @return 317 */ 318 public static boolean sendAndCc(String smtp,String from,String to,String copyto,String subject,String content,String username,String password,String filename) { 319 Mail theMail = new Mail(smtp); 320 theMail.setNeedAuth(true); //需要验证 321 322 if(!theMail.setSubject(subject)) return false; 323 if(!theMail.setBody(content)) return false; 324 if(!theMail.addFileAffix(filename)) return false; 325 if(!theMail.setTo(to)) return false; 326 if(!theMail.setCopyTo(copyto)) return false; 327 if(!theMail.setFrom(from)) return false; 328 theMail.setNamePass(username,password); 329 330 if(!theMail.sendOut()) return false; 331 return true; 332 } 333 334 }
测试代码如下：
1 public static void main(String[] args){ 2 String smtp = "SMTP服务器"; 3 String from = "发信人"; 4 String to = "收信人"; 5 String copyto = "抄送人"; 6 String subject = "邮件主题"; 7 String content = "邮件内容"; 8 String username="用户名"; 9 String password="密码"; 10 String filename = "附件路径，如：F:\\笔记<a>\\struts2</a>与mvc.txt"; 11 Mail.sendAndCc(smtp, from, to, copyto, subject, content, username, password, filename); 12 }
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