1. 使用idea创建一个基本的maven项目(Web版本)
- 用idea创建一个maven项目
- 使用模板maven-archetype-webapp
- 填写groupid和artifactId
- 确认项目在磁盘上的位置
- Finish,idea开始创建一个项目
- 将项目部署在tomcat上,在Deployment中选择war结尾的那个
- 启动tomcat
此时的项目只有一个web项目最基本结构,能够部署到tomcat上(有web.xml
文件)。但是还需要我们继续完善项目结构。
2. 完善目录结构
在src目录下创建java,resources两个目录,并将java设置为Sources Root,resources设置为Resources Root。
- java,Sources Root,存放项目源码的目录
- resources(Resources Root),存放资源的目录
在java(Sources Root)创建包com.ssm。并且在该包下创建五个包
- controller,存放controller层的代码
- service,存放service层的代码
- dao,存放持久层代码
- model,存放数据模型
- utils,一些第三方工具
在resources创建目录
- mapper,存放mybatis的mapper文件
- configure,存放配置文件
最后的目录结构如下:
3. 相关依赖
需要明确一点的是,针对上述构建的项目,虽然是一个web项目,但是归根结底是一个maven项目,而且是一个使用了模板maven-archetype-webapp
的maven项目。对于一个maven项目而言,其核心是pom.xml
文件。
POM的的含义是项目对象模型(Project Object Model)。也就是说,maven通过pom.xml
定义了项目的基本信息,用于描述如何构建,声明项目依赖等等。
pom文件主要分为以下几块
- 项目的基本信息,
- 配置信息,比如在这里定义配置信息
<spring-version>5.3.7.RELEASE</spring-version>
,在下面的配置依赖配置中,直接使用${spring-version}代表5.3.7.RELEASE,有点我们java代码中的spring-version=5.3.7.RELEASE
,然后在接下来的代码中使用spring-version
一样。 - 依赖配置,常用,导入jar包
- 编译配置,顾名思义,就是设置编译的配置信息,具体的等以后完善。
默认依赖
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.ssm</groupId>
<artifactId>ssm_04_full_edition_analysis</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>ssm_04_full_edition_analysis Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>ssm_04_full_edition_analysis</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
主要是在dependencies标签中配置依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<!--2. 持久层(mybatis)配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.40</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.4.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!--2. 配置完-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
4. 配置spring与springmvc
也就是配置项目接口能够从网络访问。
配置web.xml
<!--1.配置Spring的IOC容器-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:configure/spring-context.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--1.完-->
<!--2.配置dispatcherServlet,并匹配所有的URL-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:configure/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--2.完-->
spring-context.xml的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--告诉Spring在创建容器需要扫描的包为com.ssm-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm"></context:component-scan>
</beans>
spring-mvc.xml的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm"></context:component-scan>
</beans>
编写controller层
@RequestMapping("/user")
@Controller
public class UserController {
@Autowired
IUserService userServiceImpl = null;
@RequestMapping(value = "/login",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public void login(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
String str = userServiceImpl.login();
response.getWriter().print(str);
}
}
编写service层
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {
@Override
public String login() {
System.out.println("This is UserServiceImpl");
return "hello World!";
}
}