+ (id)appearance
这个方法是统一全部改,比如你设置UINavBar的tintColor,你可以这样写:[[UINavigationBar appearance] setTintColor:myColor];
+ (id)appearanceWhenContainedIn:(Class <>)ContainerClass,...
这个方法可设置某个类的改变:例如:设置UIBarButtonItem 在UINavigationBar、UIPopoverController、UITabbar中的效果。就可以这样写
[[UIBarButtonItem appearanceWhenContainedIn:[UINavigationBar class], [UIPopoverController class],[UITabbar class] nil] setTintColor:myPopoverNavBarColor];
请注意*使用appearance设置UI效果最好采用全局的设置,在所有界面初始化前开始设置,否则可能失效。
具体UI外观修改如下:
1.修改导航栏背景
代码如下:
UINavigationBar * appearance = [UINavigationBar appearance];
UIImage *navBackgroundImg =[UIImage imageNamed:@"navBg.png”];
[appearance setBackgroundImage:navBackgroundImgforBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
2.标签栏(UITabbar)
代码如下:
UITabBar *appearance = [UITabBar appearance];
//设置背景图片
[appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"tabbar_bg.png"]];
//门置选择item的背景图片
UIImage * selectionIndicatorImage =[[UIImageimageNamed:@"tabbar_slider"]resizableImageWithCapInsets:UIEdgeInsetsMake(4, 0, 0,0)] ;
[appearance setSelectionIndicatorImage:selectionIndicatorImage];
3.分段控件(UISegmentControl)
代码如下:
UISegmentedControl *appearance = [UISegmentedControl appearance];
//Segmenteg正常背景
[appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Segmente.png"]
forState:UIControlStateNormal
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
//Segmente选中背景
[appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Segmente_a.png"]
forState:UIControlStateSelected
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
//Segmente左右都未选中时的分割线
//BarMetrics表示navigation bar的状态,UIBarMetricsDefault 表示portrait状态(44pixel height),UIBarMetricsLandscapePhone 表示landscape状态(32pixel height)
[appearance setDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Segmente_line.png"]
forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
rightSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[appearance setDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Segmente_line.png"]
forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateSelected
rightSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[appearance setDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"Segmente_line.png"]
forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
rightSegmentState:UIControlStateSelected
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
//字体
NSDictionary *textAttributes1 = @{UITextAttributeFont: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18],
UITextAttributeTextColor: [UIColor blueColor],
UITextAttributeTextShadowColor: [UIColor whiteColor],
UITextAttributeTextShadowOffset: [NSValuevalueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(1, 1)]};
[appearance setTitleTextAttributes:textAttributes1 forState:1];
NSDictionary *textAttributes2 = @{UITextAttributeFont: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18],
UITextAttributeTextColor: [UIColor whiteColor],
UITextAttributeTextShadowColor: [UIColor blackColor],
UITextAttributeTextShadowOffset: [NSValuevalueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(1, 1)]};
[appearance setTitleTextAttributes:textAttributes2 forState:0];
4.UIBarbutton
注意:UIBarbutton有leftBarButton,rightBarButton和backBarButton,其中backBarButton由于带有箭头,需要单独设置。
barButton背景设置是ios6.0及以后的,而backbutton是ios5.0及以后的,这里要注意!
代码如下:
//修改导航条上的UIBarButtonItem
UIBarButtonItem *appearance = [UIBarButtonItem appearanceWhenContainedIn:[UINavigationBar class], nil];
//设置导航栏的字体包括backBarButton和leftBarButton,rightBarButton的字体
NSDictionary *textAttributes = @{UITextAttributeFont: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18],
UITextAttributeTextColor: [UIColorblueColor],
UITextAttributeTextShadowColor: [UIColorwhiteColor],
UITextAttributeTextShadowOffset: [NSValuevalueWithCGSize:CGSizeMake(1, 1)]};
[appearance setTitleTextAttributes:textAttributes forState:1];//forState为0时为下正常状态,为1时为点击状态。
//修改leftBarButton,rightBarButton背景效果
[appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"navBarButton.png"]
forState:UIControlStateNormal
style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"navBarButton_a.png"]
forState:UIControlStateHighlighted
style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
//backBarButton需要单独设置背景效果。只能在ios6.0以后才能用
[appearance setBackButtonBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"nav_bg.png"]
forState:0
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[appearance setBackButtonBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"work.png"]
forState:1
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
[appearance setBackButtonTitlePositionAdjustment:UIOffsetMake(2, -1)
forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
5.工具栏(UIToolbar)
UIToolbar *appearance = [UIToolbar appearance];
//样式和背景二选一即可,看需求了
//样式(黑色半透明,不透明等)设置
[appearance setBarStyle:UIBarStyleBlackTranslucent];
//背景设置
[appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"toolbarBg.png"]
forToolbarPosition:UIToolbarPositionAny
barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
从iOS 5开始,大多数UI元素都增加了对UIAppearance
协议的支持。此外,iOS 5中类似于UISwitch
的控件允许我们方便地将on开关的颜色变成设计师选定的颜色。现在,怎么确定哪些情况下能够通过UIKit的外观代理来定制所有元素(以及元素中的哪些属性)呢?有两种方式。老办法是查阅文档,另一个办法是大多数开发人员使用的快捷方式:读头文件。打开对应的UIKit元素的头文件,其中所有带有UI_APPEARANCE_SELECTOR
标记的属性都支持通过外观代理来定制。举个例子,UINavigationBar.h中的tintColor
属性带有UI_APPEARANCE_SELECTOR
标记:
<code style="padding: 0px; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; color: inherit; background-color: transparent; border: 0px;"><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(128, 0, 0);">@property</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">nonatomic</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">retain</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(43, 145, 175);">UIColor</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">*</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">tintColor UI_APPEARANCE_SELECTOR</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">;</span></code>
意味着可以调用
<code style="padding: 0px; font-family: Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, 'Courier New', monospace; color: inherit; background-color: transparent; border: 0px;"><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">[[</span><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(43, 145, 175);">UINavigationBar</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> appearance</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">]</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> setTintColor</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">newColor</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">];</span></code>
尽管一开始苹果反对(在Mac和iOS平台上)使用UI定制,但情况慢慢发生了变化。苹果自己的原生应用(比如新的Reminder应用)也有了深度定制的、模仿现实的用户界面。有了UIAppearance
协议,实现同样效果所用的代码要少得多。