chapter13 JNI Functions

13.1 Summary of the JNI Functions

13.1.1 Directly-Exported Invocation Interface Functions(直接导出的调用接口函数)

A virtual machine implementation directly exports the following three functions as part of the invocation interface:

Note these are the only symbols exported for JNI by the VM.

//注意，这三个接口只是由VM为JNI导出的三个符号!!!不用用户调用!!!

1 JNI_GetDefaultJavaVMInitArgs

2 JNI_CreateJavaVM

3 JNI_GetCreatedJavaVMs 

13.1.2 The JavaVM Interface(JavaVM接口)

The JavaVM interface is a pointer to a pointer to a function table.The first three entries in the function table are reserved,The remaining four entries are part of the invocation interface:

1 DestroyJavaVM

2 AttachCurrentThread

3 DetachCurrentThread

4 GetEnv

13.1.3 Functions Defined in Native Libraries(Native库中定义的函数)

When the virtual machine implementation loads a native library , it searches for and invokes the exported function entry JNI_OnLoad . 

When the virtual machine implementation unloads a native library, it searches for and invokes the exported function entry JNI_OnUnload.

1 JNI_OnLoad

2  JNI_OnUnload

13.1.4 The JNIEnv Interface(JNIEnv接口)

A JNIEnv interface pointer is valid only in a particular thread, 

the JavaVM interface pointer is valid for all threads in a virtual machine instance.

A JNIEnv interface pointer is a pointer to a pointer to a function table .

Seven entries are set NULL.The remainder of this chapter will cover all the entries in the JNIEnv interface in detail. For now we give a high-level overview.

[ 我们先来做个总结 ]:

(1)Version Information

1 GetVersion:返回JNIEnv interface的版本号

(2) Class and Interface Operations

1 DefineClass:从一个buffer里定义一个类

2 FindClass:返回一个类的引用

类名:"java/lang/String"               //class name

签名:"Ljava/lang/Object"            //signature

env->FindClass("java/lang/String");

env->FindClass(HELLOLIBS_JNI_CLASS_NAME);

#define HELLOLIBS_JNI_CLASS_NAME "com/test/hello_libs/jni/JNIManager"

env->FindClass("java/lang/Integer");

env->FindClass("[I")                //int[]

3 GetSuperclass: 返回基类，除了java.lang.Object类（因为java.lang.Object是最基类）

(3) Exceptions

1 Throw and ThrowNew:

Throw：丢弃一个现有的异常对象，在当前线程触发一个新的异常

ThrowNew：在当前线程触发一个异常，并自定义输出异常信息

2 FatalError:打印信息并终止当前虚拟机实例

3  ExceptionCheck: 检查是否发生了异常，若有异常返回JNI_TRUE，否则返回JNI_FALSE

4 ExceptionClear: 清除异常堆栈信息

5 ExceptionDescribe: 打印异常的堆栈信息

6 ExceptionOccurred: 检查是否发生了异常，若有异常返回该异常的引用，否则返回NULL

(4) Global and Local References

1 NewGlobalRef, DeleteGlobalRef:创建/删除一个全局引用

输入参数可以是全局引用，弱全局引用，局部引用

2 NewWeakGlobalRef,DeleteWeakGlobalRef:弱全局引用

3 NewLocalRef, DeleteLocalRef:局部引用

笔记[2019.08.26]:在 JNI 编程中避免内存泄漏

(5) Object Operations

1 AllocObject:分配一个未初始化的对象

2 NewObject:分配一个对象并运行构造函数

3 GetObjectClass:返回某实例对应的类

4 IsInstanceOf:检查某对象是否为某类的实例

5 IsSameObject:检查两个引用是否指向同一个对象

(6) Instance Field Access

1 GetFieldID:返回一个实例的域ID

2 Get<Type>Field,Set<Type>Field:获取一个实例的域/设置一个实例的域