Android入门之Activity

1、Activity的生命周期：

说明：可以使用系统日志Log.d()方法来显示

       onCreate()     当Activity首次被创建时候调用

       onStart()        当Activity活动对用户可见时候调用

       onResume()    当Activity与用户交互时候调用

       onPause()       当Activity被暂停并回复以前的活动时候调用

       onStop()         当Activity不再对用户可见时候调用

       onDestroy()    在Activity被系统销毁（手动或由系统执行以节省内存）前调用

       onRestart()     在Activity已经停止并在此启动时候调用

 

2、对Activity应用样式和主题

       说明：在AndroidManifest.xml文件中的<Activity>元素中添加android:theme属性

android:theme="@android:style/Theme.Dialog"                                            

                                   

3、隐藏Activity标题

       说明：使用requestWindowFeature()方法传递Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE属性。

requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);                                                               

        

4、显示Activity对话框窗口

       说明：1）要创建一个对话框，需要使用AlertDialog类的Builder构造方法来设置不同的属性如标题、图标、按钮和复选框。

       2）由于Toast类并没有在Activity中直接使用，而是在AlertDialog中使用，因此需要使用getBaseContext()方法来返回一个Context类的对象。

3）关于Context类的方法比较如下：

getApplicationContext()返回应用的上下文，生命周期是整个应用，应用摧毁它才摧毁       

Activity.this的context返回当前activity的上下文，属于activity，activity摧毁他就摧毁   

getBaseContext() 返回由构造函数指定或setBaseContext()设置的上下文                  

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	CharSequence[] items = {"Google", "Apple", "Microsoft"};
	boolean[] itemsChecked = new boolean[items.length];
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
	}
	public void onClick(View v){
		showDialog(0);
	}
	
	@Override
	protected Dialog onCreateDialog(int id) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		switch (id) {
		case 0:
			Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);
			builder.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
			builder.setTitle("This is a dialog with some simple text...");
			builder.setPositiveButton("OK", 
				new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {				
				@Override
				public void onClick(DialogInterface arg0, int arg1) {
					// TODO Auto-generated method stub
					Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), 
						"OK clicked!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
				}
			});
			builder.setMultiChoiceItems(items, itemsChecked, 
				new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {		
				@Override
				public void onClick(DialogInterface arg0, 
					int which, boolean isChecked) {
					// TODO Auto-generated method stub
					Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), 
						items[which]+(isChecked?"checked!":"unchecked!"), 
							Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
				}
			});
			return builder.create();
		}
		return null;	
	}
}

5、显示进度对话框

       说明：1）首先要创建一个ProgessDialog类的对象并调用其show方法。

       2）使用Runnable代码块创建一个Thread线程，使用sleep方法插入延迟，使用dismiss方法关闭。

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	CharSequence[]  items = {"Google","Apple","Microsoft"};
	boolean[] itemsChecked = new boolean[items.length];
	
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
	}
	
	public void onClick(View v){
		final ProgressDialog dialog = ProgressDialog.show(this,
				"Doing something", "Please wait...", true);
		new Thread(new Runnable(){
			public void run(){
				try{
					Thread.sleep(5000);
					dialog.dismiss();
				}
				catch(InterruptedException e){
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}).start();
	}
	
	@Override
	protected Dialog onCreateDialog(int id) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return super.onCreateDialog(id);
	}
}

6、显示百分比效果的进度对话框

       说明：1）创建ProgressDialog类的一个实例，并设置其图标、标题、样式属性。

       2）设置进度对话框的两个按钮，使用Thread对象来运行一个Runnable代码块

       3）incrementProgressBy()方法增加进度对话框的技术，进度到100%时候用dismiss方法关闭对话框。

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	CharSequence[] items = {"Google","Apple","Microsoft"};
	boolean[] itemsChecked = new boolean[items.length];
	ProgressDialog progressDialog;
	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
	}

	public void onClick(View v){
		showDialog(0);
		progressDialog.setProgress(0);
		new Thread(new Runnable(){
			public void run(){
				for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++) {
					try {
						Thread.sleep(1000);
						progressDialog.incrementProgressBy((int)(100/15));
					} catch (InterruptedException e) {
						// TODO: handle exception
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
				}
				progressDialog.dismiss();
			}
		}).start();
	}
	
	@Override
	protected Dialog onCreateDialog(int id) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		switch (id) {
		case 0:
			progressDialog = new ProgressDialog(this);
			progressDialog.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
			progressDialog.setTitle("Downloading files...");
			progressDialog.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL);
			progressDialog.setButton(DialogInterface.BUTTON_POSITIVE, "OK",
					new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {					
						@Override
						public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
							// TODO Auto-generated method stub
							Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "OK clicked!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
						}
					});
			progressDialog.setButton(DialogInterface.BUTTON_NEGATIVE, "Cancel", 
					new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {				
						@Override
						public void onClick(DialogInterface arg0, int arg1) {
							// TODO Auto-generated method stub
							Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "Cancel clicked!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
						}
					});
			return progressDialog;	
		}
		return null;
	}	
}