time.h

这个头文件还是蛮奇妙的，感觉获取系统当前时间这个以后会用到，学习了一下下：

参考：

http://zhidao.baidu.com/link?url=tzhn7fKwVkAWVPZy7TrvPBuStPqXTmy3JgXY2-ieBtejERV4krkw-kmZk1F9X24w72INpe2dwaDvdmpPgUwQ7_

http://hi.baidu.com/cuixinmin_sj/item/a9619e12b594dd08e65c36a1

http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/ctime/

自己写的cpp：

#include <time.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>  // system("pause")
#include <windows.h>  // Sleep()
using namespace std;

const char wd[7][10] = {"Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"};

int main() {
    struct tm *ptm;  // declare a pointer pointing to the tm(a struct to store some parameters expressing time)
    time_t it;  // alias of a fundamental arithmetic type capable of representing times, as those returned by function time
    time_t it_2;
    
    /*
    time_t time (time_t* timer);
    Get the current calendar time as a value of type time_t.
    The function returns this value, 
    and if the argument is not a null pointer, 
    it also sets this value to the object pointed by timer.
    */
    cout << it << endl;
    cout << it_2 << endl;
    it = time(NULL);
    it = time(&it_2);
    long int t = it;
    cout << t << endl;  // time_t is a long int
    cout << it << endl;  // in fact, the return value of the function time is a long int, representing the seconds from CUT(Coordinated Universal Time(1970 1 1 00:00:00))
    cout << it_2 << endl;  // and the return value can be received by a return value or a parameter
    cout << endl;
    
    
    /*
    struct tm * localtime (const time_t * timer);
    Uses the value pointed by timer to fill a tm structure 
    with the values that represent the corresponding time, 
    expressed for the local timezone.
    */
    ptm = localtime(&it);
    
    /*
    char* asctime (const struct tm * timeptr);
    Convert tm structure to string, 
    interprets the contents of the tm structure pointed by timeptr as a calendar time 
    and converts it to a C-string containing a human-readable version 
    of the corresponding date and time.
    */
    string time_file = asctime(ptm);
    
    cout << time_file << endl;
    
    Sleep(2000);
    //system("pause");
    
    ptm = localtime(&it);  // notice that the localtime function is just a convertor, the 'it' is still the time above, so the result is the same as above
    time_file = asctime(ptm);
    cout << time_file << endl;
    
    it = time(&it);  // notice that time function is a calculator, now the 'it' is changed
    ptm = localtime(&it);
    time_file = asctime(ptm);
    cout << "the localtime: " << time_file << endl;
    ptm = gmtime(&it);
    time_file = asctime(ptm);
    cout << "the GMT(Greenwich mean time): " << time_file << endl;  // yes that i am in China
    
    
    /*
    time_t mktime (struct tm * timeptr);
    mktime is a reverse of localtime, and mktime can set the unknown part of the parameter(a pointer to struct tm) according the known part
    */
    cout << "tell me the year, month, day, and i can tell you the weekday:" << endl;
    
    time_t nt;
    struct tm* ptw;
    time(&nt);  // this 2 lines are used to get current time infomation
    ptw = localtime(&nt);

    cin >> ptw->tm_year >> ptw->tm_mon >> ptw->tm_mday;  // notice that if i try "use week_day_cal." to replace "ptw->", the result is wrong(a fantastic number)
    ptw->tm_year -= 1900;  // it seems that without -1900, the tm_year is so large that the mktime function didnot working
    ptw->tm_mon -= 1;
    mktime(ptw);  // or it = mktime(ptm)
    cout << ptw->tm_year + 1900 << "(year) " << ptw->tm_mon + 1 << "(month) " << ptw->tm_mday << "(day) " << "is " << wd[ptw->tm_wday] << endl;
    cout << endl;

    /*
    double difftime (time_t end, time_t beginning);
    Calculates the difference in seconds between beginning and end.
    */


    /*
    cout << "tell me the begining time and the end time and i will tell you the difference between them: " << endl;
    
    time_t bt;
    struct tm* begin = new tm;
    time(&bt);
    begin = localtime(&bt);
    cin >> begin->tm_year >> begin->tm_mon >> begin->tm_mday;
    begin->tm_year -= 1900;
    begin->tm_mon -= 1;
    mktime(begin);
    cout << asctime(begin) << endl;
    
    time_t et;
    struct tm* end = new tm;
    time(&et);
    end = localtime(&et);
    cin >> end->tm_year >> end->tm_mon >> end->tm_mday;
    end->tm_year -= 1900;
    end->tm_mon -= 1;
    mktime(end);
    cout << asctime(end) << endl;
    cout << "the difference(end - begin) between the 2 date are: \nyear: " << end->tm_year - begin->tm_year << "\nmonth: " << end->tm_mon - begin->tm_mon << "\nmonthday: " << end->tm_mday - begin->tm_mday << endl;
    cout << difftime(mktime(begin), mktime(end)) << endl;
    */
    
    return 0;
}