2023-3-7笔记：Python多继承，父类方法复写与注解

面向对象

继承与多继承

class Phone:
    # 厂商
    manufacturer = "huawei"

    # 打电话方法定义
    def call_5g(self):
        print("奈斯")


class NFCReader:
    # 厂商
    manufacturer = "zhongxing"

    # 读卡方法定义
    def reader(self):
        print("读卡")

# 继承Phone与NFCReader
class MyPhone(Phone, NFCReader):
    # 类没有实现，可以用pass，保证代码完整性 无实际意义
    pass

my_phone = MyPhone()
my_phone.call_5g()
my_phone.reader()
# 父类中都有某属性或方法时，按照左侧有限原则，manufacturer显示“huawei”
print(my_phone.manufacturer)

复写父类属性方法，调用父类方法

class Phone:
    # 厂商
    manufacturer = "huawei"

    # 打电话方法定义
    def call_5g(self):
        print("5g call")

# 继承Phone与NFCReader
class MyPhone(Phone):
    # 复写父类属性
    manufacturer = "new huawei"

    def call_5g(self):
        # 调用父类方法第一种方式
        Phone.call_5g(self)
        # 调用父类方法第二种方式
        super().call_5g()
        print("信号增强")


my_phone = MyPhone()
my_phone.call_5g()
print(my_phone.manufacturer)

执行结果

5g call
5g call
信号增强
new huawei

注解

变量注解

var_1: int = 10
var_2: list = {1, 2, 3}
var_3: tuple = (1, 2, 3)
var_4: list[int] = {4, 5, 6}
var_5: tuple[str, int] = ("hello", 5)

方法与返回值注解

# 注解：参数与int类型 返回值为int类型
def add(x: int, y: int) -> int:
    return x + y

联合注解

from typing import Union
var_1: list[Union[str, int]] = {1, "str"}

注解只是相当于备注，即便错了对代码运行不会造成影响

today结束~~~~每天进步一丢丢