ListView 源码详解 有这一篇就够了！！！

虽然现在大家使用ListView的机会相对RecyclerView的机会较少，但官方并没有标注 ListView 类过期，哈哈，就说明它一定还是有他的特殊之处，这篇文章就来分析下，ListView的内部机制以及几个重要的点。
将从下面几个方面开始着手分析ListView，将会分两篇文章进行解析

1. 类的继承关系
2. ListView 的构造方法
3. RecycleBin主要方法讲解
4. ListView 的绘制原理以及缓存回收过程 （onMeasure onLayout onDraw）
5. Listview 的滑动过程
6. setAdapter 原理
7. notifyDataSetChanged 原理

（1）ListView 的继承关系

（2）ListView 的构造函数

public ListView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr, int defStyleRes) {
        // 这里是调用的父类AbsListView的构造方法
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr, defStyleRes);

        final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(
                attrs, R.styleable.ListView, defStyleAttr, defStyleRes);

        final CharSequence[] entries = a.getTextArray(R.styleable.ListView_entries);
        if (entries != null) {
            // ListView 的默认Adapter
            setAdapter(new ArrayAdapter<>(context, R.layout.simple_list_item_1, entries));
        }

        // 设置分割线样式 用户可以重写ListView_divider样式
        final Drawable d = a.getDrawable(R.styleable.ListView_divider);
        if (d != null) {
            // Use an implicit divider height which may be explicitly
            // overridden by android:dividerHeight further down.
            setDivider(d);
        }

        // 设置 ListView 的footer和header
        final Drawable osHeader = a.getDrawable(R.styleable.ListView_overScrollHeader);
        if (osHeader != null) {
            setOverscrollHeader(osHeader);
        }

        final Drawable osFooter = a.getDrawable(R.styleable.ListView_overScrollFooter);
        if (osFooter != null) {
            setOverscrollFooter(osFooter);
        }

        // 分割线高度
        // Use an explicit divider height, if specified.
        if (a.hasValueOrEmpty(R.styleable.ListView_dividerHeight)) {
            final int dividerHeight = a.getDimensionPixelSize(
                    R.styleable.ListView_dividerHeight, 0);
            if (dividerHeight != 0) {
                setDividerHeight(dividerHeight);
            }
        }

        mHeaderDividersEnabled = a.getBoolean(R.styleable.ListView_headerDividersEnabled, true);
        mFooterDividersEnabled = a.getBoolean(R.styleable.ListView_footerDividersEnabled, true);

        a.recycle();
    }

AbsListView.java 的构造方法

 public AbsListView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr, int defStyleRes) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr, defStyleRes);
        initAbsListView();
        ...
 }

 private void initAbsListView() {
        // Setting focusable in touch mode will set the focusable property to true
        // 设置可点击
        setClickable(true);
        // 设置 触摸可以获取焦点
        setFocusableInTouchMode(true);
        // 设置可以绘制
        setWillNotDraw(false);
        // 设置对于透明的地方,显示最底层的背景
        setAlwaysDrawnWithCacheEnabled(false);
        // 设置 是否缓存卷动项
        setScrollingCacheEnabled(true);
        // 设置相关事件变量初始化
        final ViewConfiguration configuration = ViewConfiguration.get(mContext);
        mTouchSlop = configuration.getScaledTouchSlop();
        mVerticalScrollFactor = configuration.getScaledVerticalScrollFactor();
        mMinimumVelocity = configuration.getScaledMinimumFlingVelocity();
        mMaximumVelocity = configuration.getScaledMaximumFlingVelocity();
        mOverscrollDistance = configuration.getScaledOverscrollDistance();
        mOverflingDistance = configuration.getScaledOverflingDistance();

        mDensityScale = getContext().getResources().getDisplayMetrics().density;
    }

ListView 的构造方法中主要做一些资源的初始化工作。

(3) RecycleBin主要方法讲解

RecycleBin是 AbsListView的内部类，它的代码不多，这里主要介绍几个变量含义和方法功能

class RecycleBin {
        private RecyclerListener mRecyclerListener;

        /**
         * The position of the first view stored in mActiveViews.
         */
        private int mFirstActivePosition;

        /**
         * Views that were on screen at the start of layout. This array is populated at the start of
         * layout, and at the end of layout all view in mActiveViews are moved to mScrapViews.
         * Views in mActiveViews represent a contiguous range of Views, with position of the first
         * view store in mFirstActivePosition.
         */
        private View[] mActiveViews = new View[0];

        /**
         * Unsorted views that can be used by the adapter as a convert view.
         */
        private ArrayList<View>[] mScrapViews;

        private int mViewTypeCount;

        private ArrayList<View> mCurrentScrap;

        private ArrayList<View> mSkippedScrap;

        private SparseArray<View> mTransientStateViews;
        private LongSparseArray<View> mTransientStateViewsById;

        public void setViewTypeCount(int viewTypeCount) {
            if (viewTypeCount < 1) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can't have a viewTypeCount < 1");
            }
            //noinspection unchecked
            ArrayList<View>[] scrapViews = new ArrayList[viewTypeCount];
            for (int i = 0; i < viewTypeCount; i++) {
                scrapViews[i] = new ArrayList<View>();
            }
            mViewTypeCount = viewTypeCount;
            mCurrentScrap = scrapViews[0];
            mScrapViews = scrapViews;
        }

        public void markChildrenDirty() {
            if (mViewTypeCount == 1) {
                final ArrayList<View> scrap = mCurrentScrap;
                final int scrapCount = scrap.size();
                for (int i = 0; i < scrapCount; i++) {
                    scrap.get(i).forceLayout();
                }
            } else {
                final int typeCount = mViewTypeCount;
                for (int i = 0; i < typeCount; i++) {
                    final ArrayList<View> scrap = mScrapViews[i];
                    final int scrapCount = scrap.size();
                    for (int j = 0; j < scrapCount; j++) {
                        scrap.get(j).forceLayout();
                    }
                }
            }
            if (mTransientStateViews != null) {
                final int count = mTransientStateViews.size();
                for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                    mTransientStateViews.valueAt(i).forceLayout();
                }
            }
            if (mTransientStateViewsById != null) {
                final int count = mTransientStateViewsById.size();
                for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                    mTransientStateViewsById.valueAt(i).forceLayout();
                }
            }
        }

        public boolean shouldRecycleViewType(int viewType) {
            return viewType >= 0;
        }

        /**
         * Clears the scrap heap.
         */
        void clear() {
            if (mViewTypeCount == 1) {
                final ArrayList<View> scrap = mCurrentScrap;
                clearScrap(scrap);
            } else {
                final int typeCount = mViewTypeCount;
                for (int i = 0; i < typeCount; i++) {
                    final ArrayList<View> scrap = mScrapViews[i];
                    clearScrap(scrap);
                }
            }

            clearTransientStateViews();
        }

        /**
         * Fill ActiveViews with all of the children of the AbsListView.
         *
         * @param childCount The minimum number of views mActiveViews should hold
         * @param firstActivePosition The position of the first view that will be stored in
         *        mActiveViews
         */
        void fillActiveViews(int childCount, int firstActivePosition) {
            if (mActiveViews.length < childCount) {
                mActiveViews = new View[childCount];
            }
            mFirstActivePosition = firstActivePosition;

            //noinspection MismatchedReadAndWriteOfArray
            final View[] activeViews = mActiveViews;
            for (int i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
                View child = getChildAt(i);
                AbsListView.LayoutParams lp = (AbsListView.LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
                // Don't put header or footer views into the scrap heap
                if (lp != null && lp.viewType != ITEM_VIEW_TYPE_HEADER_OR_FOOTER) {
                    // Note:  We do place AdapterView.ITEM_VIEW_TYPE_IGNORE in active views.
                    //        However, we will NOT place them into scrap views.
                    activeViews[i] = child;
                    // Remember the position so that setupChild() doesn't reset state.
                    lp.scrappedFromPosition = firstActivePosition + i;
                }
            }
        }

        /**
         * Get the view corresponding to the specified position. The view will be removed from
         * mActiveViews if it is found.
         *
         * @param position The position to look up in mActiveViews
         * @return The view if it is found, null otherwise
         */
        View getActiveView(int position) {
            int index = position - mFirstActivePosition;
            final View[] activeViews = mActiveViews;
            if (index >=0 && index < activeViews.length) {
                final View match = activeViews[index];
                activeViews[index] = null;
                return match;
            }
            return null;
        }

        View getTransientStateView(int position) {
            if (mAdapter != null && mAdapterHasStableIds && mTransientStateViewsById != null) {
                long id = mAdapter.getItemId(position);
                View result = mTransientStateViewsById.get(id);
                mTransientStateViewsById.remove(id);
                return result;
            }
            if (mTransientStateViews != null) {
                final int index = mTransientStateViews.indexOfKey(position);
                if (index >= 0) {
                    View result = mTransientStateViews.valueAt(index);
                    mTransientStateViews.removeAt(index);
                    return result;
                }
            }
            return null;
        }

        /**
         * Dumps and fully detaches any currently saved views with transient
         * state.
         */
        void clearTransientStateViews() {
            final SparseArray<View> viewsByPos = mTransientStateViews;
            if (viewsByPos != null) {
                final int N = viewsByPos.size();
                for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
                    removeDetachedView(viewsByPos.valueAt(i), false);
                }
                viewsByPos.clear();
            }

            final LongSparseArray<View>