ListView的异步加载&优化

在实际开发中，广泛地使用到ListView，为了提高应用的效率，那么必须对异步加载AsyncTask进行优化

MainActivity

package cn.ht.myapplication;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ListView;

import org.json.JSONArray;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;


public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private static String URL = "http://www.imooc.com/api/teacher?type=4&num=30";
    private ListView mListView;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        mListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.id_listView);
        new NewsAsyncTask().execute(URL);
    }

    /**
     * 将url对应的JSON格式数据转化为我们所封装的NewsBean
     *
     * @param url
     * @return
     */
    private List<NewsBean> getJsonData(String url) {
        List<NewsBean> newsBeanList = new ArrayList<NewsBean>();
        try {
            String jsonString = readStream(new URL(url).openStream());
            JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(jsonString);
            JSONArray jsonArray = jsonObject.getJSONArray("data");
            NewsBean newsBean;
            for (int i = 0; i < jsonArray.length(); i++) {
                jsonObject = jsonArray.getJSONObject(i);
                newsBean = new NewsBean();
                newsBean.newsIconUrl = jsonObject.getString("picSmall");
                newsBean.newsTitle = jsonObject.getString("name");
                newsBean.newsContent = jsonObject.getString("description");
                newsBeanList.add(newsBean);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (JSONException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return newsBeanList;
    }

    /**
     * 通过is解析网页返回的数据
     *
     * @param is
     * @return
     */
    private String readStream(InputStream is) {
        InputStreamReader isr;
        String result = "";
        try {
            String line = "";
            isr = new InputStreamReader(is, "utf-8");
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
                result += line;
            }
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 实现网络的异步访问
     */
    class NewsAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, List<NewsBean>> {
        @Override
        protected List<NewsBean> doInBackground(String... params) {
            return getJsonData(params[0]);
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(List<NewsBean> newsBeans) {
            super.onPostExecute(newsBeans);
            NewsAdapter adapter = new NewsAdapter(MainActivity.this, newsBeans, mListView);
            mListView.setAdapter(adapter);
        }
    }
}

NewsBean

package cn.ht.myapplication;

/**
 * Created by H on 2015/8/3 0003.
 */
public class NewsBean {

    public String newsIconUrl;
    public String newsTitle;
    public String newsContent;

}

NewAdapter

package cn.ht.myapplication;

import android.content.Context;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AbsListView;
import android.widget.Adapter;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.zip.Inflater;

/**
 * Created by H on 2015/8/4 0004.
 */
public class NewsAdapter extends BaseAdapter implements AbsListView.OnScrollListener {

    private List<NewsBean> mList;
    private LayoutInflater mInflater;
    private ImageLoader mImageLoader;
    private int mStart, mEnd;
    public static String[] URLS;
    private boolean mIsFirstIn;

    public NewsAdapter(Context context, List<NewsBean> data, ListView listView) {
        mList = data;
        mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        mImageLoader = new ImageLoader(listView);
        URLS = new String[data.size()];
        for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++) {
            URLS[i] = data.get(i).newsIconUrl;
        }
        mIsFirstIn = true;
        listView.setOnScrollListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public int getCount() {
        return mList.size();
    }

    @Override
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        return mList.get(position);
    }

    @Override
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        return position;
    }

    @Override
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        ViewHolder viewHolder = null;
        if (null == convertView) {
            viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
            convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item_layout, null);
            viewHolder.ivIcon = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.id_img);
            viewHolder.tvTitle = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.id_title);
            viewHolder.tvContent = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.id_content);
            convertView.setTag(viewHolder);
        } else {
            viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
        }
        viewHolder.ivIcon.setImageResource(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
        String url = mList.get(position).newsIconUrl;
        //ivIcon与url进行绑定，防止异步加载错乱
        viewHolder.ivIcon.setTag(url);
//        mImageLoader.showImageByAsyncTask(viewHolder.ivIcon, mList.get(position).newsIconUrl);
        viewHolder.tvTitle.setText(mList.get(position).newsTitle);
        viewHolder.tvContent.setText(mList.get(position).newsContent);
        return convertView;
    }

    @Override
    public void onScrollStateChanged(AbsListView view, int scrollState) {
        if (scrollState == SCROLL_STATE_IDLE) {
            //加载可见项
            mImageLoader.loadImages(mStart, mEnd);
        } else {
            //停止任务
            mImageLoader.cancelAllTasks();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onScroll(AbsListView view, int firstVisibleItem, int visibleItemCount, int totalItemCount) {
        mStart = firstVisibleItem;
        mEnd = firstVisibleItem + visibleItemCount;
        //第一次显示时候调用
        if (mIsFirstIn && visibleItemCount > 0) {
            mImageLoader.loadImages(mStart, mEnd);
            mIsFirstIn = false;
        }
    }

    class ViewHolder {
        public ImageView ivIcon;
        public TextView tvTitle;
        public TextView tvContent;
    }
}

ImageLoader

package cn.ht.myapplication;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.LruCache;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ListView;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * Created by H on 2015/8/4 0004.
 */
public class ImageLoader {

    private ImageView mImageView;
    private String mUrl;
    //创建Cache
    private LruCache<String, Bitmap> mCaches;
    private ListView mListView;
    private Set<NewsAsyncTask> mTask;

    public ImageLoader(ListView listView) {
        mListView = listView;
        mTask = new HashSet<>();
        //获取当前可用内存
        int maxMemory = (int) Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory();
        int cacheSize = maxMemory / 4;
        //new一个缓存空间，大小为当前可用内存的1/4
        mCaches = new LruCache<String, Bitmap>(cacheSize) {
            @Override
            protected int sizeOf(String key, Bitmap value) {
                //返回当前加入缓存的图片数据的大小，以便计算缓存的可用空间
                return value.getByteCount();
            }
        };
    }

    //增加到缓存
    public void addBitmapToCache(String url, Bitmap bitmap) {
        if (null == getBitmapFromCache(url)) {
            mCaches.put(url, bitmap);
        }
    }

    //从缓存中获取数据
    public Bitmap getBitmapFromCache(String url) {
        return mCaches.get(url);
    }

    /**
     * 使用对应url从网络上获取图片数据
     *
     * @param urlStr
     * @return
     */
    public Bitmap getBitmapFromURL(String urlStr) {
        Bitmap bitmap;
        InputStream is = null;
        try {
            URL url = new URL(urlStr);
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            is = new BufferedInputStream(connection.getInputStream());
//            is = new BufferedInputStream(url.openStream());
            bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is);
            connection.disconnect();
//            Thread.sleep(500);
            return bitmap;
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                is.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * 使用异步任务AsyncTask实现从网络上获取图片数据并更新ImageView
     *
     * @param imageView
     * @param urlStr
     */
    public void showImageByAsyncTask(ImageView imageView, String urlStr) {
        //从缓存中取出对应的图片
        Bitmap bitmap = getBitmapFromCache(urlStr);
        //如果缓存中没有，那么必须去下载
        if (null == bitmap) {
//            new NewsAsyncTask(urlStr).execute(urlStr);
            imageView.setImageResource(R.mipmap.ic_launcher);
        } else {
            imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
        }
    }

    public void cancelAllTasks() {
        if (mTask != null) {
            for (NewsAsyncTask task : mTask) {
                task.cancel(false);
            }
        }
    }


    /**
     * 用来加载从start到end的所有图片
     *
     * @param start
     * @param end
     */
    public void loadImages(int start, int end) {
        for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
            String url = NewsAdapter.URLS[i];
            //从缓存中取出对应的图片
            Bitmap bitmap = getBitmapFromCache(url);
            //如果缓存中没有，那么必须去下载
            if (null == bitmap) {
                NewsAsyncTask task = new NewsAsyncTask(url);
                task.execute(url);
                mTask.add(task);
            } else {
                ImageView imageView = (ImageView) mListView.findViewWithTag(url);
                imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
            }
        }
    }

    private class NewsAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Bitmap> {

        //        private ImageView mImageView;
        private String mUrl;

        public NewsAsyncTask(/*ImageView imageView,*/ String url) {
//            mImageView = imageView;
            mUrl = url;
        }

        @Override
        protected Bitmap doInBackground(String... params) {
            String url = params[0];
            //从网络上获取图片
            Bitmap bitmap = getBitmapFromURL(url);
            if (null != bitmap) {
                //将图片加入缓存
                addBitmapToCache(url, bitmap);
            }
            return bitmap;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Bitmap bitmap) {
            super.onPostExecute(bitmap);
            //判断ivIcon与url是否为绑定关心，防止异步加载错乱
            ImageView imageView = (ImageView) mListView.findViewWithTag(mUrl);
            if (imageView != null && bitmap != null) {
                imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
            }
            mTask.remove(this);
        }
    }

}