Hibernate框架搭建步骤

一、在Web项目中导入Hibernate最小依赖jar包、数据库驱动jar包，如下图所示。

二、在src/config目录下添加Hibernate配置文件hibernate-cfg.xml。

【hibernate.cfg.xml】

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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?>

<! DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC

            "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"

           "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd" >

< hibernate-configuration >

      < session-factory >

            < property name = "myeclipse.connection.profile" >

                com.mysql.jdbc.MySqlDriver

            </ property >

            < property name = "hibernate.connection.username" > root </ property >

            < property name = "hibernate.connection.password" > root </ property >

            < property name = "hibernate.connection.url" >

                jdbc:mysql:// localhost:3306/hibernate_demo?useUnicode=true &amp; characterEncoding= utf-8

            </ property >

            < property name = "hibernate.connection.driver_class" >

                com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

            </ property >

            < property name = "hibernate.dialect" >

                org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect

            </ property >

            < property name = "hibernate.show_sql" > true </ property >

            < property name = "hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" > validate </ property >

           

            < mapping resource = "Student.hbm.xml" />

      </ session-factory >

</ hibernate-configuration >

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三、创建实体类（持久化类）。

【Student.java】对应数据库中的实体

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public class Student {

      private int sid ;

      private String sno ;

      private String sname ;

      private String sgender ;

      private String college ;

      public Student() {

     }

      public Student( int sid, String sno, String sname, String sgender,

                String college) {

            super ();

            this . sid = sid;

            this . sno = sno;

            this . sname = sname;

            this . sgender = sgender;

            this . college = college;

     }

      public int getSid() {

            return sid ;

     }

      public void setSid( int sid) {

            this . sid = sid;

     }

      public String getSno() {

            return sno ;

     }

      public void setSno(String sno) {

            this . sno = sno;

     }

      public String getSname() {

            return sname ;

     }

      public void setSname(String sname) {

            this . sname = sname;

     }

      public String getSgender() {

            return sgender ;

     }

      public void setSgender(String sgender) {

            this . sgender = sgender;

     }

      public String getCollege() {

            return college ;

     }

      public void setCollege(String college) {

            this . college = college;

     }

}

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四、创建对象-关系映射文件，并在hibernate.config.xml中添加标签<mapping resource="Student.hbm.xml "/>

【Student.hbm.xml】

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<? xml version = "1.0" ?>

<! DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC

      "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"

      "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd" >

< hibernate-mapping package = "com.demo.hibernate.entity" >

      < class name = "Student" table = "student" >

     

            < id name = "sid" type = "int" >

                 < column name = "sid" ></ column >

                 < generator class = "increment" ></ generator >

            </ id >

           

            < property name = "sno" type = "java.lang.String" >

                 < column name = "sno" ></ column >

            </ property >

           

            < property name = "sname" type = "java.lang.String" >

                 < column name = "sname" ></ column >

            </ property >

           

            < property name = "sgender" type = "java.lang.String" >

                 < column name = "sgender" ></ column >

            </ property >

           

            < property name = "college" type = "java.lang.String" >

                 < column name = "college" ></ column >

            </ property >

      </ class >

</ hibernate-mapping >

   

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五、使用Hibernate API编写代码操作数据库

【CustomSessionFactory.java】

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public class CustomSessionFactory {

      private static SessionFactory sessionFactory ;

      private static Session session ;

      private static Transaction transaction ;

     

      public static Session getSession(){

            init();

            return session ;

     }

     

      public static void init(){

            //创建配置对象

                     Configuration config= new Configuration().configure();

                      //创建服务配置对象

                     ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry= new ServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(config.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();

                      //创建会话工厂对象

                      sessionFactory =config.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);

                      //创建会话对象

                      session = sessionFactory .openSession();

                      //开启事务

                      transaction = session .beginTransaction();

     }

     

      public static void closeSession(){

            //提交事务

            transaction .commit();

            //关闭会话

            session .close();

            //关闭会话工厂

            sessionFactory .close();

     }

}

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eg：保存一个Student对象到数据库：

【StudentDaoIml.java】

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public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao{

@Override

public void saveStudent(Student student) {

Session session=CustomSessionFactory.getSession();

session.save(student);

CustomSessionFactory.closeSession();

}

}

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