昨天一个小伙去面试京东了,说除了让手写快排,复杂sql外,还要手写简单的读写文件,我今天就来总结下,防止下次让我手写。
区别和应用场景:
字符流,char,为2个字节,16位。而字节流,按照1个字节8位来读取,一般用字符流来读取文件什么的,用字节流来读取二进制文件,但是字节流和字符流可以转换的。
字节流:reader,writer。
字符流:inputstream outputstream
1、字符流分为FileReader和FileWrtier,这两个的父类是InputStreamReader和OutStreamWrtier
2、字节流分为FileInputStream和FileOutPutStream
关系网:
Reader->InputStreamReader->FileReader
Reader->BufferedReader
Writer->OutputStreamWriter->FileWriter
Writer->BufferedWriter
InputStream->FileInputStream。FileInputStream 用于读取诸如图像数据之类的原始字节流。要读取字符流,请考虑使用 FileReader。
InputStream->FilterInputStream->BufferedInputStream
还是inputstream和outputstream好区分点,他们都有文件输入输出流,还有文件缓存输入流。reader和writer,都有缓冲区读写,相应的为bufferreader和BufferWriter,也有文件读写流,FileReader和FileWriter。
流的程序一般分以下四步:
1.创建文件对象 File file = new File("xxx.txt");
2.用流装载文件 FileReader fr = new FileReader(file);
3.如果用缓冲区,则用缓冲区装载流,用缓冲区是为了提高读写性能 BufferReader br = new BufferReader(fr);
4.开始读写操作
String s = null;
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
while((s=br.readLine()!=null) {
sb.append(s);
}
如果遇到字节流要转换成字符流,则在缓冲区前加一步 InputStreamReader isr = new InpuStreamReader(InputStream in); 或者需要编码转换的,则在缓冲区前加一步 InputStreamReader isr = new InpuStreamReader(InputStream in,Charset cs);
下面的代码分别是复制文本文件、图像文件。字节转换字符的操作:
package com.io;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import com.sun.org.apache.bcel.internal.generic.NEW;
/**
* @author QiaoJiafei
* @version 创建时间:2016年4月12日 下午12:03:37
* 类说明
*/
public class TestIO {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
testFileReader();
testFileInputStream();
}
private static void testInputStream() throws IOException {
InputStream ist = System.in;
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(ist,"uft-8"));
String s = "";
while ((s=br.readLine())!=null) {
System.out.println(s);
}
br.close();
}
private static void testFileReader() throws IOException {
FileReader reader = new FileReader("/Users/qiaojiafei/Documents/test.txt");
FileWriter writer = new FileWriter("/Users/qiaojiafei/Documents/test_copy.txt");
BufferedReader bReader = new BufferedReader(reader);
BufferedWriter bWriter = new BufferedWriter(writer);
String temp = "";
while((temp=bReader.readLine())!=null) {
bWriter.write(temp);
}
bWriter.flush();
bWriter.close();
bReader.close();
}
private static void testFileInputStream() throws IOException {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("/Users/qiaojiafei/Documents/zz.png");
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("/Users/qiaojiafei/Documents/zz_copy.png");
BufferedInputStream bInputStream = new BufferedInputStream(fis);
BufferedOutputStream bOutputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(fos);
int temp = 0;
while((temp=bInputStream.read()) != -1) {
bOutputStream.write(temp);
}
bOutputStream.flush();
bOutputStream.close();
bInputStream.close();
}
}