基于jdk的网络编程和使用Netty的比较

一,jdk

1,使用OIO的阻塞版本:

public class JDKOioServer {
    public void server(int port) throws IOException {
        final ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
        try{
            for(;;){
                final Socket csocket = serverSocket.accept();
                System.out.println("Accepted connection from"+csocket);
                new Thread(new Runnable() {  
                    @Override
                    public void run() {
                        OutputStream out;
                        try{
                            out = csocket.getOutputStream();
                            out.write("Hi!\r\n".getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
                            out.flush();
                            csocket.close();
                        }catch (IOException e){
                            e.printStackTrace();    
                        }finally {
                            try {
                                csocket.close();
                            }catch (IOException ex){
                                
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }).start();
            }  
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        
    }
}

2,使用NIO的非阻塞版本:

public class JDKNioServer {
    public void server(int port)throws IOException{
        ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
        serverSocketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
        ServerSocket socket = serverSocketChannel.socket();
        InetSocketAddress address = new InetSocketAddress(port);
        socket.bind(address);
        Selector selector = Selector.open();
        serverSocketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
        final ByteBuffer msg = ByteBuffer.wrap("Hi\r\n".getBytes());
        for(;;){
            try{
                selector.select();
            }catch (IOException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
                break;
            }
            Set<SelectionKey> readyKeys = selector.selectedKeys();
            Iterator<SelectionKey> iterator = readyKeys.iterator();
            while(iterator.hasNext()){
                SelectionKey key = iterator.next();
                iterator.remove();
                try{
                    if(key.isAcceptable()){
                        ServerSocketChannel server = (ServerSocketChannel) key.channel();
                        SocketChannel client = server.accept();
                        client.configureBlocking(false);
                        client.register(selector,SelectionKey.OP_WRITE|SelectionKey.OP_READ,msg.duplicate());
                        System.out.println("Accepted connection from"+client);
                    }

                    if(key.isWritable()){
                        SocketChannel client = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
                        ByteBuffer byteBuffer = (ByteBuffer) key.attachment();
                        while(byteBuffer.hasRemaining()){
                            if(client.write(byteBuffer)==0){
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                        client.close();
                    }
                }catch (IOException ex){
                    key.cancel();
                    try {
                        key.channel().close();
                    }catch (IOException cex){

                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

jdk的阻塞和非阻塞版本代码完全不同.

二,Netty

1,阻塞版

public class NettyOioServer {
    public void server(int port)throws Exception{
        final ByteBuf buf = Unpooled.unreleasableBuffer(
                Unpooled.copiedBuffer("Hi\r\n", Charset.forName("UTF-8"))
        );
        EventLoopGroup group = new OioEventLoopGroup();
        try{
            ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
            b.group(group)
                    .channel(OioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    .localAddress(new InetSocketAddress(port))
                    .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
                            socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(
                                    new ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter(){
                                        @Override
                                        public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
                                            ctx.writeAndFlush(buf.duplicate()).addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
                                        }
                                    }
                            );
                        }
                    });
            ChannelFuture f = b.bind().sync();
            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        }finally {
            group.shutdownGracefully().sync();
        }
    }
}

2,非阻塞版

public class NettyNioServer {
    public void server(int port)throws Exception{
        final ByteBuf buf = Unpooled.unreleasableBuffer(
                Unpooled.copiedBuffer("Hi\r\n", Charset.forName("UTF-8"))
        );
        EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();   //1
        try{
            ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
            b.group(group)
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)         //2
                    .localAddress(new InetSocketAddress(port))
                    .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
                        @Override
                        protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
                            socketChannel.pipeline().addLast(
                                    new ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter(){
                                        @Override
                                        public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
                                            ctx.writeAndFlush(buf.duplicate()).addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
                                        }
                                    }
                            );
                        }
                    });
            ChannelFuture f = b.bind().sync();
            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        }finally {
            group.shutdownGracefully().sync();
        }
    }
}

阻塞版本和非阻塞版本只有1,2两处不一样.

与jdk相比,netty为没中传输实现都暴露了相同的API.无论选哪一种实现,代码几乎不受影响.