c++ 模板函数的一处小坑

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-10 19:18:18 发布

chxgeng

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-10 19:18:18 发布

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今天心血来潮写个创建和析构二维数组的模板函数，可是万万没想到掉进坑里面

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>

template<typename T>
bool init2DArray(T **  ,const int &, const int &, const T & = 0);


template<typename T>
void destroy2DArray(T **, const int &);

int main()
{
    char **pCArr = NULL;
    init2DArray(pCArr, 10, 3, 'a');
    std::cout << "p Address : " << pCArr << std::endl;
    for(int i = 0; i < 10; i ++)
    {
        for(int j = 0; j < 3; j ++)
        {
            printf("%d %d %d\n", i, j, pCArr[i][j]);
        }
    }
    destroy2DArray(pCArr, 10);
    system("pause");
}

template<typename T>
bool init2DArray(T **  pArr, const int & row, const int & col, const T & defaultV)
{
    destroy2DArray(pArr, row);
    pArr = new T * [row];
    if(pArr != NULL)
    {
        for(int i = 0 ; i < row; i ++)
        {
            pArr[i] = NULL;
            pArr[i] = new T [col];
            if(pArr[i] != NULL)
            {
                for(int j = 0; j < col; j ++)
                {
                    pArr[i][j] = defaultV;
                    printf("%d %d %d\n", i, j, pArr[i][j]);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    std::cout << "p Address : " << pArr << std::endl;
    return pArr == NULL ? 0 : 1;
}


template<typename T>
void destroy2DArray(T ** pArr, const int & row)
{
    if(pArr != NULL)
    {
        for(int i = 0; i < row; i ++)
        {
            if(pArr[i] != NULL)
            {
                delete []pArr[i];
                pArr[i] = NULL;
            }
        }
        delete []pArr;
        pArr = NULL;
    }
}

心想万无一失的，可是在main函数内部使用二维数组的指针频频error，百思不得其解

所以我就打印出申请空间前后的指针地址，一看果断问题大了，创建之后的数组指针是0x0

于是乎，have a try，脑子不知道怎么想的，我就稍稍加了个引用，于是乎

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>

template<typename T>
bool init2DArray(T ** & ,const int &, const int &, const T & = 0);


template<typename T>
void destroy2DArray(T **, const int &);

int main()
{
    char **pCArr = NULL;
    init2DArray(pCArr, 10, 3, 'a');
    std::cout << "p Address : " << pCArr << std::endl;
    for(int i = 0; i < 10; i ++)
    {
        for(int j = 0; j < 3; j ++)
        {
            printf("%d %d %d\n", i, j, pCArr[i][j]);
        }
    }
    destroy2DArray(pCArr, 10);
    system("pause");
}

template<typename T>
bool init2DArray(T ** & pArr, const int & row, const int & col, const T & defaultV)
{
    destroy2DArray(pArr, row);
    pArr = new T * [row];
    if(pArr != NULL)
    {
        for(int i = 0 ; i < row; i ++)
        {
            pArr[i] = NULL;
            pArr[i] = new T [col];
            if(pArr[i] != NULL)
            {
                for(int j = 0; j < col; j ++)
                {
                    pArr[i][j] = defaultV;
                    printf("%d %d %d\n", i, j, pArr[i][j]);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    std::cout << "p Address : " << pArr << std::endl;
    return pArr == NULL ? 0 : 1;
}


template<typename T>
void destroy2DArray(T ** pArr, const int & row)
{
    if(pArr != NULL)
    {
        for(int i = 0; i < row; i ++)
        {
            if(pArr[i] != NULL)
            {
                delete []pArr[i];
                pArr[i] = NULL;
            }
        }
        delete []pArr;
        pArr = NULL;
    }
}

顿时脑洞大开，习惯了对二维数组操作使用指针，忘记了指针只是名字而不是人的事实