gulp教程之gulp-minify-css【gulp-clean-css】

原文链接：http://www.ydcss.com/archives/41

简介：

使用gulp-minify-css压缩css文件，减小文件大小，并给引用url添加版本号避免缓存。重要：gulp-minify-css已经被废弃，请使用gulp-clean-css，用法一致。

1、安装nodejs/全局安装gulp/本地安装gulp/创建package.json和gulpfile.js文件

1.1、gulp基本使用还未掌握？请参看： gulp详细入门教程

1.2、本示例目录结构如下：

2、本地安装gulp-minify-css

2.1、github：https://github.com/jonathanepollack/gulp-minify-css

2.2、安装：命令提示符执行 cnpm install gulp-minify-css --save-dev

2.3、注意：没有安装cnpm请使用 npm install gulp-minify-css --save-dev 什么是cnpm，如何安装？

2.4、说明：--save-dev 保存配置信息至 package.json 的 devDependencies 节点。为什么要保存至package.json？

3、配置gulpfile.js

3.1、基本使用

var gulp = require('gulp'),
    cssmin = require('gulp-minify-css');

gulp.task('testCssmin', function () {
    gulp.src('src/css/*.css')
        .pipe(cssmin())
        .pipe(gulp.dest('dist/css'));
});

3.2、gulp-minify-css 最终是调用clean-css，其他参数 查看这里

var gulp = require('gulp'),
    cssmin = require('gulp-minify-css');

gulp.task('testCssmin', function () {
    gulp.src('src/css/*.css')
        .pipe(cssmin({
            advanced: false,//类型：Boolean 默认：true [是否开启高级优化（合并选择器等）]
            compatibility: 'ie7',//保留ie7及以下兼容写法 类型：String 默认：''or'*' [启用兼容模式； 'ie7'：IE7兼容模式，'ie8'：IE8兼容模式，'*'：IE9+兼容模式]
            keepBreaks: true,//类型：Boolean 默认：false [是否保留换行]
            keepSpecialComments: '*'
            //保留所有特殊前缀 当你用autoprefixer生成的浏览器前缀，如果不加这个参数，有可能将会删除你的部分前缀
        }))
        .pipe(gulp.dest('dist/css'));
});

3.3、给css文件里引用url加版本号（根据引用文件的md5生产版本号），像这样：

var gulp = require('gulp'),
    cssmin = require('gulp-minify-css');
//确保已本地安装gulp-make-css-url-version [cnpm install gulp-make-css-url-version --save-dev]
cssver = require('gulp-make-css-url-version');

gulp.task('testCssmin', function () {
    gulp.src('src/css/*.css')
        .pipe(cssver()) //给css文件里引用文件加版本号（文件MD5）
        .pipe(cssmin())
        .pipe(gulp.dest('dist/css'));
});

3.3、若想保留注释，这样注释即可：

/*!
 Important comments included in minified output.
 */

4、执行任务

4.1、命令提示符执行：gulp testCssmin

5、结束语

5.1、本文有任何错误，或有任何疑问，欢迎留言说明。

PS：参数：

CleanCSS constructor accepts a hash as a parameter, i.e., new CleanCSS(options) with the following options available:

• advanced - set to false to disable advanced optimizations - selector & property merging, reduction, etc.
• aggressiveMerging - set to false to disable aggressive merging of properties.
• benchmark - turns on benchmarking mode measuring time spent on cleaning up (run npm run bench to see example)
• compatibility - enables compatibility mode, see below for more examples
• debug - set to true to get minification statistics under stats property (see test/custom-test.js for examples)
• inliner - a hash of options for @import inliner, see test/protocol-imports-test.js for examples, or this comment for a proxy use case.
• keepBreaks - whether to keep line breaks (default is false)
• keepSpecialComments - * for keeping all (default), 1 for keeping first one only, 0 for removing all
• mediaMerging - whether to merge @media at-rules (default is true)
• processImport - whether to process @import rules
• processImportFrom - a list of @import rules, can be ['all'] (default), ['local'], ['remote'], or a blacklisted path e.g.['!fonts.googleapis.com']
• rebase - set to false to skip URL rebasing
• relativeTo - path to resolve relative @import rules and URLs
• restructuring - set to false to disable restructuring in advanced optimizations
• root - path to resolve absolute @import rules and rebase relative URLs
• roundingPrecision - rounding precision; defaults to 2; -1 disables rounding
• semanticMerging - set to true to enable semantic merging mode which assumes BEM-like content (default is false as it's highly likely this will break your stylesheets - use with caution!)
• shorthandCompacting - set to false to skip shorthand compacting (default is true unless sourceMap is set when it's false)
• sourceMap - exposes source map under sourceMap property, e.g. new CleanCSS().minify(source).sourceMap (default is false) If input styles are a product of CSS preprocessor (Less, Sass) an input source map can be passed as a string.
• sourceMapInlineSources - set to true to inline sources inside a source map's sourcesContent field (defaults to false) It is also required to process inlined sources from input source maps.
• target - path to a folder or an output file to which rebase all URLs

The output of minify method (or the 2nd argument to passed callback) is a hash containing the following fields:

• styles - optimized output CSS as a string
• sourceMap - output source map (if requested with sourceMap option)
• errors - a list of errors raised
• warnings - a list of warnings raised
• stats - a hash of statistic information (if requested with debug option):
  • originalSize - original content size (after import inlining)
  • minifiedSize - optimized content size
  • timeSpent - time spent on optimizations
  • efficiency - a ratio of output size to input size (e.g. 25% if content was reduced from 100 bytes to 75 bytes)