iPhone学习之多线程笔记

进程:正在运行的程序
线程:是对进程的细化,一个进程包含一到多个线程

多线程大大提高了工作效率
多线程:concurrent (并发)  单线程:serid (串行)

线程同步:任务之间有依赖关系,一个任务执行完后,另一个任务才能执行.
线程互斥:可以用NSLock(进程锁)解决

UI界面刷新需要在主线程里面运行

创建线程:

1.  -  [NSobject performSelectorInBackground:@selector(a) withObject:nil];
2. + [NSThread detachNewThreadSelector:@selector(a:) toTarget:self withObject:@"hello"];
3.     NSThread *thread=[[NSThread alloc]initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(a:) object:@"hello"];
        [thread start];

//三种方式得到队列

    //1.mainQueue是一个serial queue. 在主线程中执行queue里的任务,mainQueue是个单例.
    dispatch_queue_t mainQueue=dispatch_get_main_queue();

    //2.globalQueue是一个concurrent queue. 在子线程中执行queue里的任务,根据优先级不同,有4个单例.
    dispatch_queue_t globalQueueHigh=dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_HIGH, 0);
    dispatch_queue_t globalQueueDefault=dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
    dispatch_queue_t globalQueueLow=dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_LOW, 0);
    dispatch_queue_t globalQueueBackground=dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND, 0);
    
    //3.自定义串行,并行的Queue
    dispatch_queue_t customSerialQueue=dispatch_queue_create("com.class.mySerialQueue",DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
    dispatch_queue_t customConcurrentQueue=dispatch_queue_create("com.class.mySerialQueue",DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
    //设置任务在哪个队列执行
    dispatch_async(mainQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    });
    dispatch_group_t group=dispatch_group_create();
    //dispatch_after 延迟放入Queue
    
    
    //dispatch_apply 重复执行N次任务
    NSArray *arr=[NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"q",@"d",@"a", nil];
    dispatch_apply([arr count], mainQueue, ^(size_t index) {
        NSLog(@"%@",[arr objectAtIndex:index]);
    });
    
    //dispatch_group_async 组内执行任务
    dispatch_group_async(group, globalQueueDefault, ^{
        NSLog(@"task1");
    });
    dispatch_group_async(group, globalQueueDefault, ^{
        NSLog(@"task2");
    });
    
    //最后执行
    dispatch_group_notify(group, mainQueue, ^{
        NSLog(@"刷新");
    });
    
    //在应用程序中,只执行一次,可用于定义单例.
    static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
    dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
        <#code to be executed once#>
    });